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glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽)-及19准

弌傍�� glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

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rivalling there his huge congeners�察�who display               their exquisite plumes on 

every tropic coral reef。        ��9�� 

     Next�察�what are those bright little buds�察�like salmon´coloured                  Banksia 

roses half expanded�察�sitting closely on the stone�拭              �Touch      them�察�the soft 

part is retracted�察�and the orange flower of flesh is             transformed into a pale 

pink    flower    of  stone。    That    is  the   Madrepore�察       �Caryophyllia      Smithii 

��Plate V。 fig。 2���察�one of our south           coast rarities�此    �and see�察�on the lip of 

the last one�察�which   we   have         carefully scooped   off   with the   chisel�察 �two 

little pink towers of        stone�察�delicately striated�察�drop them into this small 

bottle   of   sea´water�察  �and   from   the   top   of   each   tower   issues   every   half´ 

second      ´   what    shall   we   call  it�拭  �  a  hand    or  a  net   of  finest   hairs�察�

clutching      at  something      invisible    to  our   grosser    sense。    That     is  the 

Pyrgoma�察�parasitic only ��as far as we know�� on the lip of this same                      rare 

Madrepore�察�a little ;cirrhipod�察─�the cousin of those tiny                barnacles which 

roughen      every    rock    ��a  larger    sort  whereof      I  showed      you     on   the 

Turritella���察�and of those larger ones also who burrow in                 the thick hide of 

the whale�察�and�察�borne about upon his mighty                  sides�察�throw out their tiny 

casting   nets�察  �as   this   Pyrgoma   does�察  �to   catch   every   passing   animalcule�察�

and    sweep     them   into   the  jaws    concealed      within    its  shell。  And     this 

creature�察�rooted to one spot          through life and death�察�was in its infancy a 

free swimming animal�察          �hovering from place to place upon delicate ciliae�察�

till�察�having     sown its wild oats�察�it settled down in life�察�built itself a good 



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stone house�察�and became a landowner�察�or rather a glebae adscriptus�察                     �for 

ever and a day。        Mysterious destiny�  � yet not so mysterious as                that of 

the   free   medusoid   young   of   every   polype   and   coral�察  �which      ends   as   a 

rooted tree of horn or stone�察�and seems to the eye of                 sensuous fancy to 

have literally degenerated into a vegetable。             Of    them you must read for 

yourself     in  Mr。    Gosse's    book�察   �in  the   meanwhile        he   shall  tell  you 

something       of  the  beautiful    Madrepores       themselves。      His    description�察�

��10��    by   far  the  best  yet   published�察    �should     be  read   in  full�察 �we   must 

content ourselves with extracts。 

     ;Doubtless       you    are    familiar    with    the    stony    skeleton     of   our 

Madrepore�察�as it appears in museums。                It consists of a number of          thin 

calcareous      plates   standing    up   edgewise�察    �and   arranged    in  a   radiating 

manner       round    a   low    centre。     A     little  below    the    margin      their 

individuality is lost in the deposition of rough calcareous               matter。 。 。 。 The 

general form is more or less cylindrical�察           �commonly wider at top than just 

above the bottom。 。 。 。 This is but           the skeleton�察�and though it is a very 

pretty object�察�those who are         acquainted with it alone�察�can form but a very 

poor idea of the       beauty of the living animal。 。 。 。 Let it�察�after being torn 

from     the    rock�察  �recover    its  equanimity�察    �then   you   will  see   a  pellucid 

gelatinous flesh emerging from between the plates�察�and little                  exquisitely 

formed and coloured tentacula�察�with white clubbed tips                 fringing the sides 

of   the   cup´shaped   cavity  in   the   centre�察  �across   which   stretches   the   oval 

disc marked with a star of some rich and             brilliant colour�察�surrounding the 

central mouth�察�a slit with white           crenated lips�察�like the orifice of one of 

those elegant cowry          shells which we put upon our mantelpieces。                 The 

mouth      is  always    more     or  less  prominent�察    �and   can   be   protruded    and 

expanded   to   an     astonishing   extent。      The   space   surrounding   the  lips   is 

commonly        fawn   colour�察  �or   rich   chestnut´brown�察  �the   star   or   vandyked 

circle    rich red�察�pale vermilion�察�and sometimes the most brilliant emerald 

green�察�as brilliant as the gorget of a humming´bird。; 

     And   what   does   this   exquisitely   delicate   creature   do   with   its   pretty 

mouth�拭     �Alas for fact�      �It sips no honey´dew�察�or fruits from            paradise。 ´ 

;I put a minute spider�察�as large as a pin's head�察�into             the water�察�pushing it 

down      to  the  coral。   The     instant   it  touched    the    tip  of  a  tentacle�察  �it 



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adhered�察 �and   was drawn   in   with the         surrounding   tentacles between   the 

plates。    With a lens I saw the          small mouth slowly open�察�and move over 

to that side�察�the lips      gaping unsymmetrically�察�while with a movement as 

imperceptible   as       that   of   the   hour   hand   of   a   watch�察  �the   tiny   prey   was 

carried along       between the plates to the corner of the mouth。              The mouth�察�

however�察      �moved   most�察  �and   at   length   reached   the   edges   of   the   plates�察�

gradually closed upon the insect�察�and then returned to its usual                    place in 

the centre。; 

     Mr。 Gosse next tried the fairy of the walking mouth with a house´ fly�察�

who escaped only by hard fighting�察�and at last the gentle                    creature�察�after 

swallowing       and    disgorging     various    large   pieces    of   shell´fish�察   �found 

viands     to   its  taste   in  ;the   lean    of  cooked      meat     and    portions     of 

earthworms�察─       �filling    up   the   intervals     by   a     perpetual      dessert    of 

microscopic animalcules�察�whirled into that               lovely avernus�察�its mouth�察�by 

the currents of the delicate ciliae          which clothe every tentacle。           The fact 

is�察  �that   the   Madrepore�察  �like   those   glorious   sea´anemones   whose   living 

flowers   stud   every   pool�察    �is   by   profession   a   scavenger   and   a   feeder   on 

carrion�察  �and   being   as    useful   as   he   is   beautiful�察  �really   comes   under   the 

rule which he        seems at first to break�察�that handsome is who handsome 

does。     Another species of Madrepore ��11�� was discovered on our Devon 

coast     by  Mr。   Gosse�察  �more   gaudy�察  �though   not   so   delicate   in   hue   as   our 

Caryophyllia。         Mr。    Gosse's     locality�察  �for   this   and   numberless       other 

curiosities�察�is Ilfracombe�察�on the north coast of Devon。                  My     specimens 

came from Lundy Island�察�in the mouth of the Bristol                     Channel�察�or more 

properly   from   that   curious   ;Rat   Island;   to   the    south   of   it�察  �where   still 

lingers   the   black   long´tailed   English   rat�察   �exterminated   everywhere   else 

by his sturdier brown cousin of the            Hanoverian dynasty。 

     Look�察�now�察�at these tiny saucers of the thinnest ivory�察�the largest                  not 

bigger   than   a   silver   threepence�察  �which   contain   in   their   centres    a   milk´ 

white   crust   of   stone�察  �pierced�察  �as   you   see   under   the   magnifier�察  �into   a 

thousand cells�察�each with its living architect            within。     Here are two kinds�此�

in one the tubular cells radiate from            the centre�察�giving it the appearance 

of   a   tiny   compound   flower�察     �daisy   or   groundsel�察  �in   the   other   they   are 

crossed with waving           grooves�察�giving the whole a peculiar fretted look�察�



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even     more       beautiful     than    that   of   the   former     species。      They      are 

Tubulipora        patina and Tubulipora hispida�察 � and stay ´ break off that tiny 

rough   red   wart�察  �and   look   at   its   cells   also   under   the   magnifier�此     �it   is 

Cellepora   pumicosa�察  �and   now�察  �with   the   Madrepore�察  �you   hold   in              your 

hand the principal�察�at least the commonest�察�British types of                      those famed 

coral   insects�察  �which   in   the   tropics   are   the   architects    of   continents�察  �and 

the conquerors of the ocean surge。               Al

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