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glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽)-及10准

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from   the   populous   shallows   of   Torbay�察  �and   cast   up�察   �high   and   dry�察  �on 

Paignton sands。 

     Torbay is a place which should be as much endeared to the                   naturalist 

as to the patriot and   to the artist。        We cannot gaze on          its blue ring of 

water�察  �and   the   great   limestone   bluffs   which   bound     it   to   the   north   and 

south�察�without a glow passing   through our              hearts�察�as we remember  the 

terrible and glorious pageant which             passed by in the glorious July days 



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of   1588�察  �when   the   Spanish      Armada   ventured   slowly   past   Berry   Head�察�

with   Elizabeth's   gallant      pack   of   Devon   captains   ��for   the   London   fleet 

had not yet joined��        following fast in its wake�察�and dashing into the midst 

of   the   vast  line�察 �undismayed   by  size   and   numbers�察  �while   their   kin   and 

friends     stood watching and praying on the cliffs�察�spectators of Britain's 

Salamis。      The white line of houses�察�too�察�on the other side of the                  bay�察�is 

Brixham�察�famed as the landing´place of William of Orange�察                     �the stone on 

the    pier´head�察   �which    marks     his  first  footsteps    on    British    ground�察    �is 

sacred   in   the   eyes   of   all   true   English   Whigs�察  �and   close   by   stands   the 

castle of the settler of Newfoundland�察 �Sir               Humphrey Gilbert�察 �Raleigh's 

half´brother�察�most learned of all           Elizabeth's admirals in life�察�most pious 

and heroic in death。         And     as for scenery�察�though it can boast of neither 

mountain peak nor          dark fiord�察�and would seem tame enough in the eyes 

of a western       Scot or Irishman�察�yet Torbay surely has a soft beauty of its 

own。       The rounded hills slope gently to the sea�察�spotted with squares of 

emerald grass�察�and rich red fallow fields�察�and parks full of                  stately timber 

trees。    Long lines of tall elms run down to the very                 water's edge�察�their 

boughs      unwarped      by   any    blast�察  �here   and   there    apple     orchards     are 

bending   under   their   loads   of   fruit�察  �and   narrow    strips   of   water´meadow 

line    the  glens�察  �where     the   red  cattle   are   already     lounging     in   richest 

pastures�察  �within     ten   yards   of   the   rocky   pebble     beach。     The   shore     is 

silent   now�察  �the    tide   far  out�此 �but   six    hours    hence   it   will   be  hurling 

columns of rosy foam high into the               sunlight�察�and sprinkling passengers�察�

and   cattle�察  �and   trim   gardens     which   hardly   know   what   frost   and   snow 

may be�察�but see the flowers            of autumn meet the flowers of spring�察�and 

the old year linger       smilingly to twine a garland for the new。              No wonder 

that such a spot as Torquay�察�with its delicious Italian              climate�察�and endless 

variety of rich woodland�察�flowery lawn�察              �fantastic rock´cavern�察�and broad 

bright   tide´sand�察  �sheltered   from       every   wind   of   heaven   except   the   soft 

south´east�察�should have become              a favourite haunt�察�not only for invalids�察�

but   for   naturalists。     Indeed�察�it   may  well   claim  the honour of   being the 

original home of         marine zoology and botany in England�察�as the Firth of 

Forth�察  �under     the   auspices   of   Sir   J。   G。   Dalyell�察  �has   been   for   Scotland。 

For     here     worked      Montagu�察      �Turton�察   �and    Mrs。    Griffith�察   �to   whose 



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extraordinary       powers of research English marine botany almost owes its 

existence�察     �and who survived to an age long beyond the natural term of 

man�察    �to   see�察  �in  her   cheerful    and   honoured     old   age�察  �that  knowledge 

become        popular     and    general    which     she   pursued     for  many     a  year 

unassisted       and    alone。     Here�察    �too�察 �the   scientific    succession     is  still 

maintained   by   Mr。   Pengelly   and   Mr。   Gosse�察  �the   latter   of   whom   by   his 

delightful and�察�happily�察�well´known books has done more for the                        study 

of marine zoology than any other living man。                  Torbay�察    �moreover�察�from 

the    variety   of   its  rocks�察   �aspects�察  �and    sea´floors�察    �where     limestones 

alternate with traps�察�and traps with slates�察�while              at the valley´mouth the 

soft sandstones and hard conglomerates of               the new red series slope down 

into the   tepid   and   shallow  waves�察      �affords   an   abundance   and   variety  of 

animal and vegetable life�察         �unequalled�察�perhaps�察�in any other part of Great 

Britain。     It   cannot    boast�察   �certainly�察   �of  those   strange    deep´sea     forms 

which Messrs。          Alder�察�Goodsir�察�and Laskey dredge among the lochs of 

the    western     Highlands�察      �and   the   sub´marine      mountain      glens   of   the 

Zetland   sea�察    �but   it   has   its   own   varieties�察  �its   own   ever´fresh   novelties�此�

and in     spite of all the research which has been lavished on its shores�察�a 

naturalist cannot�察�I suspect�察�work there for a winter without                  discovering 

forms new to science�察�or meeting with curiosities which                  have escaped all 

observers�察  �since   the   lynx   eye   of   Montagu   espied      them   full   fifty   years 

ago。 

     Follow us�察�then�察�reader�察�in imagination�察�out of the gay watering´ place�察�

with    its  London     shops   and    London     equipages�察    �along    the  broad    road 

beneath the sunny limestone cliff�察�tufted with golden furze�察                �past the huge 

oaks   and   green   slopes   of   Tor   Abbey�察  �and   past   the     fantastic   rocks   of 

Livermead�察�scooped by the waves into a labyrinth                    of double and triple 

caves�察�like Hindoo temples�察�upborne on pillars                 banded with yellow and 

white and red�察�a week's study�察�in form and               colour and chiaro´oscuro�察�for 

any   artist�察  �and   a   mile   or   so   further along   a   pleasant   road�察  �with   land´ 

locked     glimpses     of  the   bay�察  �to  the   broad     sheet   of   sand   which     lies 

between the village of Paignton and               the sea ´ sands trodden a hundred 

times   by   Montagu   and   Turton�察      �perhaps�察  �by   Dillwyn   and   Gaertner�察  �and 

many   another   pioneer   of      science。      And   once   there�察  �before   we   look   at 



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anything else�察�come         down straight to the sea marge�察�for yonder lies�察�just 

left by the     retiring tide�察�a mass of life such as you will seldom see again。 

It is somewhat ugly�察�perhaps�察�at first sight�察�for ankle´deep are                spread�察�for 

some ten yards long by five broad�察�huge dirty bivalve                   shells�察�as large as 

the   hand�察  �each   with   its   loathly   grey   and   black  siphons   hanging   out�察  �a 

confused   mass   of   slimy   death。      Let   us   walk   on   to   some   cleaner   heap�察�

and    leave    these�察 �the   great   Lutraria    Elliptica�察   �which    have    been   lying 

buried   by  thousands   in   the   sandy     mud�察  �each   with   the   point   of   its   long 

siphon above the surface�察         �sucking in and driving out again the salt water 

on   which   it   feeds�察  �till   last   night's   ground´swell   shifted   the   sea´bottom�察�

and   drove      them   up   hither   to   perish   helpless�察  �but   not   useless�察  �on   the 

beach。 

     See�察�close by is another shell bed�察�quite as large�察�but comely                  enough 

to please any eye。        What a variety of forms and colours are               there�察�amid 

the purple and olive wreaths of wrack�察�and bladder´ weed�察�and tangle ��ore´ 

weed�察�as they call it in the south���察�and the             delicate green ribbons of the 

Zostera ��the only English flowering             plant which grows beneath the sea��。 

What   are   they   all�拭   �What   are     the   long   white   razors�拭     �What   are   the 

delicate     green´grey     scimitars�拭     �What      are  the   tapering    brown    spires�拭�

What the tufts of delicate         yellow plants like squirrels' tails�察�and lobsters' 

horns�察  �and     tamarisks�察  �and   fir´trees�察  �and   all   other   finely   cut   animal   and 

vegetable       forms�拭     �What      are    the   groups     of   grey    bladders�察    �with 

something like a little bud at the tip�拭 �

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