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   severing Church and State has been let in�察�and the statesman who did
   all this is still alive�察�and thought by many to be infallible。 No
   danger�察�indeed� �I can find no words to express my astonishment that men
   say so。 But�察�alas� �there are never wanting men who�察�having eyes see
   not�察�and having ears hear not�察�and who will not understand。

   The Established Church of England is in danger。 There is no mistake
   about it。 This is the one broad�察�sweeping reason why I advocate Church
   reforms。 There is a ;handwriting on the wall�察─�flashing luridly from
   the other side of St。 George's Channel�察�which needs no Daniel to
   interpret it。 There is a current setting in towards the
   Disestablishment of all National Churches�察�and we are already in it。 We
   are gradually drifting downwards�察�though many perceive it not�察�but
   those who look at the old landmarks cannot fail to see that we move。 We
   shall soon be in the rapids。 A few�察�a very few years�察�and�察�unless we
   exert ourselves�察�we shall be over the falls。 The English public seems
   drunk with the grand idea of ;free trade; in everything�察�in religion as
   well as in merce�察�in churches as well as in corn。 A portion of the
   daily press is constantly harping on the subject。 And shall we sit
   still and refuse to set our house in order�拭�I�察�for one�察�say�察�God
   forbid� �Shall we wait till we are turned out into the street and
   obliged to reform ourselves in the midst of a hurricane of confusion��
   I�察�for one�察�say�察�God forbid� �The experienced general tells us that it
   is madness to change front in the face of an enemy。 If we believe that
   danger is impending over the Church Establishment�察�let us not wait till
   the storm bursts。 Let us gird up our loins while we can�察�and attempt
   Church reforms。

   1。 I now mend the whole subject to the prayerful attention of the
   clergy。 ;Consider what I say�察�and the Lord give you understanding in
   all things。; Oh that I could blow a trumpet in the ear of every rector
   and vicar in England�察�and awaken him to a sense of the Church's danger��
   The horizon is very black。 I believe it is our time of visitation。 It
   is no time to fold our arms and sit still。 Is our Church going to live
   or die�拭�If we would defend her�察�we must ;set in order the things that
   are wanting�察─�and aim at Church reforms。

   2。 I mend the whole subject to the minds of all thoughtful lay
   Churchmen。 I invite you to assist us in maintaining the Church of our
   forefathers�察�the old Protestant Church of England�察�and to e forward
   and take up your rightful place and position。 It is your best policy to
   do so。 Except clergy and laity close their ranks and work shoulder to
   shoulder�察�we shall never hold the fort�察�and win the day。 It would be
   your happiness to do so。 You would find a rich reward for your soul in
   activity for Christ's cause in this sinful world�察�and being general
   fellow´helpers with your clergy。 Think what an immense blessing one
   single layman like Lord Shaftesbury may be to the land in which he
   lives。 Think what England might be if we had a hundred more lay
   Churchmen like him。 You would soon find out the enormous luxury of
   doing good�察�and being useful to your fellow´creatures。 Just now you
   would give new life to the Church of England�察�render her�察�by God's
   blessing�察�invincible by her foes�察�and hand her down to your children's
   children�察 �Fair as the moon�察�clear as the sun�察�and terrible as an army
   with banners ; ��Cant。 6��10��。
     __________________________________________________________________

  NOTE。

   I mend to all readers of this sermon the following extract from a
   leading article in the Guardian newspaper of January 5�察�1870。 From such
   a quarter�察�testimony to the importance of the ;Position of Laity; is
   doubly valuable��

   ;We have shown�察�we trust�察�that we are far from insensible to the
   dangers that might possibly arise from the admission of the laity to a
   larger degree of authority and influence than they now enjoy in the
   Anglican munion as known within these isles。 Let us now glance for a
   moment at the strength of the case on behalf of the claims being urged
   by the laity。

   ;Under the patriarchal system�察�the regale and the pontifical were
   united。 The head of the family was at once king and priest�察�and the
   idea that some sacrifices could only be offered by a king was so widely
   spread that Athens�察�after being a democracy�察�retained for this end a
   King´Archon�察�and Rome in like manner a Rex Sacrificulus。 This union is
   to some extent still preserved in Thibet�察�in China�察�and in most
   countries under Mahometans rule。 In Palestine we know that the two
   authorities were dissevered�察�the royalty ultimately falling to Judah��
   and the priesthood to Levi。 Subsequently we read of Saul�察�Uzzah�察�and
   Uzziah being punished for usurpation of offices not intrusted to their
   care。 Yet�察�when we reflect on the great pains bestowed by David in the
   matter of ritual�察�on the deposition of Abiathar by Solomon�察�on the
   action of pious monarchs such as Josiah and Hezekiah�察�and on the
   position of Zerubbabel and his descendants after the captivity�察�it must
   surely be acknowledged that the lay influence under the Mosaic
   dispensation was immense。 One of the famous Jesuit mentators ��either
   a Lapide or Maldonatus�� does not hesitate to admit that in the Jewish
   polity the State was superior to the Church。 In the time of our Lord at
   least one´third of the Sanhedrim consisted of laymen。

   ;When we turn to the infant Church Catholic�察�almost the earliest step
   taken by the munity is one involving the action of the laity。 The
   seven deacons were chosen by the whole multitude。 And if various
   readings cause some difficulty respecting the Council of Jerusalem�察�yet
   the confirmation of its decision by the whole Church is a recorded
   fact。 Evidence of the continuation of a line of thought and action
   consistent with these mencements is supplied by Dr。 Moberly from the
   works of great and saintly doctors�察�a Cyprian and a Chrysostom�察�and
   from the Acts of early councils held at Carthage�察�at Eliberis�察�at
   Toledo�察�and among our own Anglo´Saxon ancestors。 At the Councils of
   Pisa and of Constance�察�a prominent place was assigned to Canonists and
   other doctors of law who were simple laymen。 Moreover�察�the great
   universities of Europe�察�though lay corporations�察�having received from
   the Church as well as from the State missions to teach theology��
   were constantly appealed to for opinions both on questions relating to
   the faith and on cases of conscience。 The reference concerning the
   lawfulness of Henry VIII。's marriage to these famous bodies is the best
   known instance in our history�察�but it is by no means a solitary one。 In
   the fourteenth century�察�such judgments�察�especially those proceeding
   from the University of Paris�察�had been very numerous�察�and so much
   weight was attached to them that they almost supplied the place ��says
   Palmer�� of the judgments of Provincial Synods。

   ;Nor have the laity achieved merely small things in the way of
   theology。 It is true�察�as might have been expected�察�that the formation
   of dogma�察�necessitated by heresy�察�has been for the most part the work
   of bishops and presbyters�察�an Athanasius�察�a Leo�察�an Augustine。 But not
   only have masterly apologies for the faith and works of Christian
   literature proceeded in great numbers from laic pens�察�but laymen have
   also�察�at certain times and places�察�shown themselves superior in their
   zeal for purity of doctrine to that portion of the Church which�察�as a
   rule�察�constitutes Ecclesia docens。 A notable example occurs in the
   history of Arianism。 Certain bishops of semi´Arian tendencies found it
   impossible to infuse into the laity of their flocks the heretical
   poison which they themselves had imbibed。 It was a layman�察�too�察�who
   first called attention to the heresy of Nestorius。 In our own time�察�the
   lay members of ecclesiastical Conventions in the United States have not
   unfrequently exhibited a more moderate and conservative tone than their
   clerical brethren。;
     __________________________________________________________________

   ��19�А�The substance of this paper was originally preached as a sermon in
   Winchester Cathedral on April 2�察�1886。
     __________________________________________________________________

  CHAPTER XVIII
  John 3��3�察�2 Cor。 5��17
  QUESTIONS ABOUT REGENERATION

   THE paper which begins at this page is intended to supply information
   to all Churchmen who are puzzled and perplexed about baptismal
   regeneration。 That famous doctrine is so widely held�察�and so
   confidently declared to be true�察�that I think it desirable to discuss
   the whole subject under the simple form of questions and answers。 I
   wish to show those whose minds are in a state of suspense�察�that
   Churchmen who hold that baptism and regeneration do not always go
   together�察�have a great deal more of reason�察�logic�察�Scripture�察�and the
   Prayer Book on their side than is monly supposed。

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