the antiquities of the jews-1-第186节

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that　degree　of　necessity；　that　he　was　forced　to　deliver　back　to
the　king　of　Arabia　the　land　of　Moab　and　Gilead；　which　he　had
subdued；　and　the　places　that　were　in　them；　that　they　might　not
join　with　them　in　the　war　against　him；　as　they　had　done　ten
thousand　other　things　that　tended　to　affront　and　reproach　him。
However；　this　barbarity　seems　to　have　been　without　any　necessity；
on　which　account　he　bare　the　name　of　a　Thracian　among　the　Jews
（40）　whereupon　the　soldiers　that　had　fought　against　him；　being
about　eight　thousand　in　number；　ran　away　by　night；　and　continued
fugitives　all　the　time　that　Alexander　lived；　who　being　now　freed
from　any　further　disturbance　from　them；　reigned　the　rest　of　his
time　in　the　utmost　tranquillity。

3。　But　when　Demetrius　was　departed　out　of　Judea；　he　went　to
Berea；　and　besieged　his　brother　Philip；　having　with　him　ten
thousand　footmen；　and　a　thousand　horsemen。　However　Strato；　the
tyrant　of　Berea；　the　confederate　of　Philip；　called　in　Zizon；　the
ruler　of　the　Arabian　tribes；　and　Mithridates　Sinax；　the　ruler　of
the　Parthians；　who　coming　with　a　great　number　of　forces；　and
besieging　Demetrius　in　his　encampment；　into　which　they　had　driven
them　with　their　arrows；　they　compelled　those　that　were　with　him
by　thirst　to　deliver　up　themselves。　So　they　took　a　great　many
spoils　out　of　that　country；　and　Demetrius　himself；　whom　they　sent
to　Mithridates；　who　was　then　king　of　Parthis；　but　as　to　those
whom　they　took　captives　of　the　people　of　Antioch；　they　restored
them　to　the　Antiochinus　without　any　reward。　Now　Mithridates；　the
king　of　Parthis；　had　Demetrius　in　great　honor；　till　Demetrius
ended　his　life　by　sickness。　So　Philip；　presently　after　the　fight
was　over；　came　to　Antioch；　and　took　it；　and　reigned　over　Syria。

CHAPTER　15。

How　Antiochus；　Who　Was　Called　Dionysus；　And　After　Him　Aretas　Made
Expeditions　Into　Judea；　As　Also　How　Alexander　Took　Many　Cities
And　Then　Returned　To　Jerusalem；　And　After　A　Sickness　Of　Three
Years　Died；　And　What　Counsel　He　Gave　To　Alexandra。

1。　After　this；　Antiochus；　who　was　called　Dionysus；　（41）　and　was
Philip's　brother；　aspired　to　the　dominion；　and　carne　to　Damascus；
and　got　the　power　into　his　hands；　and　there　he　reigned；　but　as　he
was　making　war　against　the　Arabians；　his　brother　Philip　heard　of
it；　and　came　to　Damascus；　where　Milesius；　who　had　been　left
governor　of　the　citadel；　and　the　Damascens　themselves；　delivered
up　the　city　to　him；　yet　because　Philip　was　become　ungrateful　to
him；　and　had　bestowed　upon　him　nothing　of　that　in　hopes　whereof
he　had　received　him　into　the　city；　but　had　a　mind　to　have　it
believed　that　it　was　rather　delivered　up　out　of　fear　than　by　the
kindness　of　Milesius；　and　because　he　had　not　rewarded　him　as　he
ought　to　have　done；　he　became　suspected　by　him；　and　so　he　was
obliged　to　leave　Damascus　again；　for　Milesius　caught　him　marching
out　into　the　Hippodrome；　and　shut　him　up　in　it；　and　kept　Damascus
for　Antiochus　＇Eucerus＇；　who　hearing　how　Philip's　affairs　stood；
came　back　out　of　Arabia。　He　also　came　immediately；　and　made　an
expedition　against　Judea；　with　eight　thousand　armed　footmen；　and
eight　hundred　horsemen。　So　Alexander；　out　of　fear　of　his　coming；
dug　a　deep　ditch；　beginning　at　Chabarzaba；　which　is　now　called
Antipatris；　to　the　sea　of　Joppa；　on　which　part　only　his　army
could　be　brought　against　him。　He　also　raised　a　wall；　and　erected
wooden　towers；　and　intermediate　redoubts；　for　one　hundred　and
fifty　furlongs　in　length；　and　there　expected　the　coming　of
Antiochus；　but　he　soon　burnt　them　all；　and　made　his　army　pass　by
that　way　into　Arabia。　The　Arabian　king　＇Aretas＇　at　first
retreated；　but　afterward　appeared　on　the　sudden　with　ten　thousand
horsemen。　Antiochus　gave　them　the　meeting；　and　fought
desperately；　and　indeed　when　he　had　gotten　the　victory；　and　was
bringing　some　auxiliaries　to　that　part　of　his　army　that　was　in
distress；　he　was　slain。　When　Antiochus　was　fallen；　his　army　fled
to　the　village　Cana；　where　the　greatest　part　of　them　perished　by
famine。

2。　After　him　（42）　Arems　reigned　over　Celesyria；　being　called　to
the　government　by　those　that　held　Damascus；　by　reason　of　the
hatred　they　bare　to　Ptolemy　Menneus。　He　also　made　thence　an
expedition　against　Judea；　and　beat　Alexander　in　battle；　near　a
place　called　Adida；　yet　did　he；　upon　certain　conditions　agreed　on
between　them；　retire　out　of　Judea。

3。　But　Alexander　marched　again　to　the　city　Dios；　and　took　it；　and
then　made　an　expedition　against　Essa；　where　was　the　best　part　of
Zeno's　treasures；　and　there　he　encompassed　the　place　with　three
walls；　and　when　he　had　taken　the　city　by　fighting；　he　marched　to
Golan　and　Seleucia；　and　when　he　had　taken　these　cities；　he；
besides　them；　took　that　valley　which　is　called　The　Valley　of
Antiochus；　as　also　the　fortress　of　Gamala。　He　also　accused
Demetrius；　who　was　governor　of　those　places；　of　many　crimes；　and
turned　him　out；　and　after　he　had　spent　three　years　in　this　war；
he　returned　to　his　own　country；　when　the　Jews　joyfully　received
him　upon　this　his　good　success。

4。　Now　at　this　time　the　Jews　were　in　possession　of　the　following
cities　that　had　belonged　to　the　Syrians；　and　Idumeans；　and
Phoenicians：　At　the　sea…side；　Strato's　Tower；　Apollonia；　Joppa；
Jamhis；　Ashdod；　Gaza；　Anthedon；　Raphia；　and　Rhinocolura；　in　the
middle　of　the　country；　near　to　Idumea；　Adorn；　and　Marissa；　near
the　country　of　Samaria；　Mount　Carmel；　and　Mount　Tabor；
Scythopolis；　and　Gadara；　of　the　country　of　Gaulonitis；　Seleucia
and　Gabala；　in　the　country　of　Moab；　Heshbon；　and　Medaba；　Lemba；
and　Oronas；　Gelithon；　Zorn；　the　valley　of　the　Cilices；　and　Pollo；
which　last　they　utterly　destroyed；　because　its　inhabitants　would
not　bear　to　change　their　religious　rites　for　those　peculiar　to
the　Jews。　（43）　The　Jews　also　possessed　others　of　the　principal
cities　of　Syria；　which　had　been　destroyed。

5。　After　this；　king　Alexander；　although　he　fell　into　a　distemper
by　hard　drinking；　and　had　a　quartan　ague；　which　held　him　three
years；　yet　would　not　leave　off　going　out　with　his　army；　till　he
was　quite　spent　with　the　labors　he　had　undergone；　and　died　in　the
bounds　of　Ragaba；　a　fortress　beyond　Jordan。　But　when　his　queen
saw　that　he　was　ready　to　die；　and　had　no　longer　any　hopes　of
surviving；　she　came　to　him　weeping　and　lamenting；　and　bewailed
herself　and　her　sons　on　the　desolate　condition　they　should　be
left　in；　and　said　to　him；　〃To　whom　dost　thou　thus　leave　me　and　my
children；　who　are　destitute　of　all　other　supports；　and　this　when
thou　knowest　how　much　ill…will　thy　nation　bears　thee？〃　But　he
gave　her　the　following　advice：　That　she　need　but　follow　what　he
would　suggest　to　her；　in　order　to　retain　the　kingdom　securely；
with　her　children：　that　she　should　conceal　his　death　from　the
soldiers　till　she　should　have　taken　that　place；　after　this　she
should　go　in　triumph；　as　upon　a　victory；　to　Jerusalem；　and　put
some　of　her　authority　into　the　hands　of　the　Pharisees；　for　that
they　would　commend　her　for　the　honor　she　had　done　them；　and　would
reconcile　the　nation　to　her　for　he　told　her　they　had　great
authority　among　the　Jews；　both　to　do　hurt　to　such　as　they　hated；
and　to　bring　advantages　to　those　to　whom　they　were　friendly
disposed；　for　that　they　are　then　believed　best　of　all　by　the
multitude　when　they　speak　any　severe　thing　against　others；　though
it　be　only　out　of　envy　at　them。　And　he　said　that　it　was　by　their
means　that　he　had　incurred　the　displeasure　of　the　nation；　whom
indeed　he　had　injured。　〃Do　thou；　therefore；〃　said　he；　〃when　thou
art　come　to　Jerusalem；　send　for　the　leading　men　among　them；　and
show　them　my　body；　and　with　great　appearance　of　sincerity；　give
them　leave　to　use　it　as　they　themselves　please；　whether　they　will
dishonor　the　dead　body　by　refusing　it　burial；　as　having　severely
suffered　by　my　means；　or　whether　in　their　anger　they　will　offer
any　other　injury　to　that　body。　Promise　them　also　that　thou　wilt
do　nothing　without　them　in　the　affairs　of　the　kingdom。　If　thou
dost　but　say　this　to　them；　I　shall　have　the　honor　of　a　more
glorious　Funeral　from　them　than　thou　couldst　have　made　for　me；
and　when　it　is　in　their　power　to　abuse　my　dead　body；　they　will　do
it　no　injury　at　all；　and　thou　wilt　rule　in　safety。〃　（44）　So　when
he　had　given　his　wife　this　advice；　he　died；　after　he　had　reigned
twenty…seven　years；　and　lived　fifty　years　within　one。

CHAPTER　16。

How　Alexandra　By　Gaining　The　Good…Will　Of　The　Pharisees；　Retained
The　Kingdom　Nine　Years；　And　Then；　Having　Done　Many　Glorious
Actions　Died。

1。　So　Alexandra；　when　she　had　taken　the　fortress；　acted　as　her
husband　had　suggested　to　her；　and　spake　to　the　Pharisees；　and　put
all　things　into　their　power；　both　as　to　the　dead　body；　and　as　to
the　affairs　of　the　kingdom；　and　thereby　pacified　their　anger
against　Alexander；　and　made　them　bear　goodwill　and　friendship　to
him；　who　then　came　among　the　multitude；　and　made　speeches　to
them；　and　laid　before　them　the　actions　of　Alexander；　and　told
them　that　they　had　lost　a　righteous　king；　and　by　the　commendation
they　gave　him；　they　brought　them　to　grieve；　and　to　be　in
heaviness　for　him；　so　that　he　had　a　funeral　more　splendid　than
had　any　of　the　kings　before　him。　Alexander　left　behind　him　two
sons；　Hyrcanus　and　Aristobulus；　but　committed