the antiquities of the jews-1-第185节

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that　authority　which　belonged　to　him；　and　this　a　man　who　is
related　to　us；　〃for　（said　he）　I　would　not　have　thee　ignorant　of
this；　that　what　in。　justice　thou　dost　to　him　will　make　all　us
that　are　Jews　to　be　thy　enemies。　This　desire　of　Ananias　Cleopatra
complied　with；　and　did　no　injury　to　Alexander；　but　made　a　league
of　mutual　assistance　with　him　at　Scythopolis；　a　city　of
Celesyria。

3。　So　when　Alexander　was　delivered　from　the　fear　he　was　in　of
Ptolemy；　he　presently　made　an　expedition　against　Coelesyria。　He
also　took　Gadara；　after　a　siege　of　ten　months。　He　took　also
Areathus；　a　very　strong　fortress　belonging　to　the　inhabitants
above　Jordan；　where　Theodorus；　the　son　of　Zeno；　had　his　chief
treasure；　and　what　he　esteemed　most　precious。　This　Zeno　fell
unexpectedly　upon　the　Jews；　and　slew　ten　thousand　of　them；　and
seized　upon　Alexander's　baggage。　Yet　did　not　this　misfortune
terrify　Alexander；　but　he　made　an　expedition　upon　the　maritime
parts　of　the　country；　Raphia　and　Anthedon；　（the　name　of　which
king　Herod　afterwards　changed　to　Agrippias；）　and　took　even　that
by　force。　But　when　Alexander　saw　that　Ptolemy　was　retired　from
Gaza　to　Cyprus；　and　his　mother　Cleopatra　was　returned　to　Egypt；
he　grew　angry　at　the　people　of　Gaza；　because　they　had　invited
Ptolemy　to　assist　them；　and　besieged　their　city；　and　ravaged
their　country。　But　as　Apollodotus；　the　general　of　the　army　of
Gaza；　fell　upon　the　camp　of　the　Jews　by　night；　with　two　thousand
foreign　and　ten　thousand　of　his　own　forces；　while　the　night
lasted；　those　of　Gaza　prevailed；　because　the　enemy　was　made　to
believe　that　it　was　Ptolemy　who　attacked　them；　but　when　day　was
come　on；　and　that　mistake　was　corrected；　and　the　Jews　knew　the
truth　of　the　matter；　they　came　back　again；　and　fell　upon　those　of
Gaza；　and　slew　of　them　about　a　thousand。　But　as　those　of　Gaza
stoutly　resisted　them；　and　would　not　yield　for　either　their　want
of　any　thing；　nor　for　the　great　multitude　that　were　slain；　（for
they　would　rather　suffer　any　hardship　whatever　than　come　under
the　power　of　their　enemies；）　Aretas；　king　of　the　Arabians；　a
person　then　very　illustrious；　encouraged　them　to　go　on　with
alacrity；　and　promised　them　that　he　would　come　to　their
assistance；　but　it　happened　that　before　he　came　Apollodotus　was
slain；　for　his　brother　Lysimachus　envying　him　for　the　great
reputation　he　had　gained　among　the　citizens；　slew　him；　and　got
the　army　together；　and　delivered　up　the　city　to　Alexander；　who；
when　he　came　in　at　first；　lay　quiet；　but　afterward　set　his　army
upon　the　inhabitants　of　Gaza；　and　gave　them　leave　to　punish　them；
so　some　went　one　way；　and　some　went　another；　and　slew　the
inhabitants　of　Gaza；　yet　were　not　they　of　cowardly　hearts；　but
opposed　those　that　came　to　slay　them；　and　slew　as　many　of　the
Jews；　and　some　of　them；　when　they　saw　themselves　deserted；　burnt
their　own　houses；　that　the　enemy　might　get　none　of　their　spoils；
nay；　some　of　them；　with　their　own　hands；　slew　their　children　and
their　wives；　having　no　other　way　but　this　of　avoiding　slavery　for
them；　but　the　senators；　who　were　in　all　five　hundred；　fled　to
Apollo's　temple；　（for　this　attack　happened　to　be　made　as　they
were　sitting；）　whom　Alexander　slew；　and　when　he　had　utterly
overthrown　their　city；　he　returned　to　Jerusalem；　having　spent　a
year　in　that　siege。

4。　About　this　very　time　Antiochus；　who　was　called　Grypus；　died
（35）　His　death　was　caused　by　Heracleon's　treachery；　when　he　had
lived　forty…five　years；　and　had　reigned　twenty…nine。　（36）　His　son
Seleucus　succeeded　him　in　the　kingdom；　and　made　war　with
Antiochus；　his　father's　brother；　who　was　called　Antiochus
Cyzicenus；　and　beat　him；　and　took　him　prisoner；　and　slew　him。　But
after　a　while　Antiochus；　the　son　of　Cyzicenus；　who　was　called
Pius；　came　to　Aradus；　and　put　the　diadem　on　his　own　head；　and
made　war　with　Seleucus；　and　beat　him；　and　drove　him　out　of　all
Syria。　But　when　he　fled　out　of　Syria；　he　came　to　Mopsuestia
again；　and　levied　money　upon　them；　but　the　people　of　Mopsuestin
had　indignation　at　what　he　did；　and　burnt　down　his　palace；　and
slew　him；　together　with　his　friends。　But　when　Antiochus；　the　son
of　Cyzicenus；　was　king　of　Syria；　Antiochus；　（37）　the　brother　of
Seleucus；　made　war　upon　him；　and　was　overcome；　and　destroyed；　he
and　his　army。　After　him；　his　brother　Philip　put　on　the　diadem；
and　reigned　over　some　part　of　Syria；　but　Ptolemy　Lathyrus　sent
for　his　fourth　brother　Demetrius；　who　was　called　Eucerus；　from
Cnidus；　and　made　him　king　of　Damascus。　Both　these　brothers　did
Antiochus　vehemently　oppose；　but　presently　died；　for　when　he　was
come　as　an　auxiliary　to　Laodice；　queen　of　the　Gileadites；　（38）
when　she　was　making　war　against　the　Parthians；　and　he　was
fighting　courageously；　he　fell；　while　Demetrius　and　Philip
governed　Syria；　as　hath　been　elsewhere　related。

5。　As　to　Alexander；　his　own　people　were　seditious　against　him；
for　at　a　festival　which　was　then　celebrated；　when　he　stood　upon
the　altar；　and　was　going　to　sacrifice；　the　nation　rose　upon　him；
and　pelted　him　with　citrons　＇which　they　then　had　in　their　hands；
because＇　the　law　of　the　Jews　required　that　at　the　feast　of
tabernacles　every　one　should　have　branches　of　the　palm　tree　and
citron　tree；　which　thing　we　have　elsewhere　related。　They　also
reviled　him；　as　derived　from　a　captive；　and　so　unworthy　of　his
dignity　and　of　sacrificing。　At　this　he　was　in　a　rage；　and　slew　of
them　about　six　thousand。　He　also　built　a　partition…wall　of　wood
round　the　altar　and　the　temple；　as　far　as　that　partition　within
which　it　was　only　lawful　for　the　priests　to　enter；　and　by　this
means　he　obstructed　the　multitude　from　coming　at　him。　He　also
maintained　foreigners　of　Pisidie　and　Cilicia；　for　as　to　the
Syrians；　he　was　at　war　with　them；　and　so　made　no　use　of　them。　He
also　overcame　the　Arabians；　such　as　the　Moabites　and　Gileadites；
and　made　them　bring　tribute。　Moreover；　he　demolished　Amathus；
while　Theodorus　（39）　durst　not　fight　with　him；　but　as　he　had
joined　battle　with　Obedas；　king　of　the　Arabians；　and　fell　into　an
ambush　in　the　places　that　were　rugged　and　difficult　to　be
traveled　over；　he　was　thrown　down　into　a　deep　valley；　by　the
multitude　of　the　camels　at　Gadurn；　a　village　of　Gilead；　and
hardly　escaped　with　his　life。　From　thence　he　fled　to　Jerusalem；
where；　besides　his　other　ill　success；　the　nation　insulted　him；
and　he　fought　against　them　for　six　years；　and　slew　no　fewer　than
fifty　thousand　of　them。　And　when　he　desired　that　they　would
desist　from　their　ill…will　to　him；　they　hated　him　so　much　the
more；　on　account　of　what　had　already　happened；　and　when　he　had
asked　them　what　he　ought　to　do；　they　all　cried　out；　that　he　ought
to　kill　himself。　They　also　sent　to　Demetrius　Eucerus；　and　desired
him　to　make　a　league　of　mutual　defense　with　them。

CHAPTER　14。

How　Demetrius　Eucerus　Overcame　Alexander　And　Yet　In　A　Little　Time
Retired　Out　Of　The　Country　For　Fear；　As　Also　How　Alexander　Slew
Many　Of　The　Jews　And　Thereby　Got　Clear　Of　His　Troubles。
Concerning　The　Death　Of　Demetrius。

1。　So　Demetrius　came　with　an　army；　and　took　those　that　invited
him；　and　pitched　his　camp　near　the　city　Shechem；　upon　which
Alexander；　with　his　six　thousand　two　hundred　mercenaries；　and
about　twenty　thousand　Jews；　who　were　of　his　party；　went　against
Demetrius；　who　had　three　thousand　horsemen；　and　forty　thousand
footmen。　Now　there　were　great　endeavors　used　on　both　sides；　…
Demetrius　trying　to　bring　off　the　mercenaries　that　were　with
Alexander；　because　they　were　Greeks；　and　Alexander　trying　to
bring　off　the　Jews　that　were　with　Demetrius。　However；　when
neither　of　them　could　persuade　them　so　to　do；　they　came　to　a
battle；　and　Demetrius　was　the　conqueror；　in　which　all　Alexander's
mercenaries　were　killed；　when　they　had　given　demonstration　of
their　fidelity　and　courage。　A　great　number　of　Demetrius's
soldiers　were　slain　also。

2。　Now　as　Alexander　fled　to　the　mountains；　six　thousand　of　the
Jews　hereupon　came　together　＇from　Demetrius＇　to　him　out　of　pity
at　the　change　of　his　fortune；　upon　which　Demetrius　was　afraid；
and　retired　out　of　the　country；　after　which　the　Jews　fought
against　Alexander；　and　being　beaten；　were　slain　in　great　numbers
in　the　several　battles　which　they　had；　and　when　he　had　shut　up
the　most　powerful　of　them　in　the　city　Bethome；　he　besieged　them
therein；　and　when　he　had　taken　the　city；　and　gotten　the　men　into
his　power；　he　brought　them　to　Jerusalem；　and　did　one　of　the　most
barbarous　actions　in　the　world　to　them；　for　as　he　was　feasting
with　his　concubines；　in　the　sight　of　all　the　city；　he　ordered
about　eight　hundred　of　them　to　be　crucified；　and　while　they　were
living；　he　ordered　the　throats　of　their　children　and　wives　to　be
cut　before　their　eyes。　This　was　indeed　by　way　of　revenge　for　the
injuries　they　had　done　him；　which　punishment　yet　was　of　an
inhuman　nature；　though　we　suppose　that　he　had　been　never　so　much
distressed；　as　indeed　he　had　been；　by　his　wars　with　them；　for　he
had　by　their　means　come　to　the　last　degree　of　hazard；　both　of　his
life　and　of　his　kingdom；　while　they　were　not　satisfied　by
themselves　only　to　fight　against　him；　but　introduced　foreigners
also　for　the　same　purpose；　nay；　at　length　they　reduced　him　to
that　degree　of　necessity；　that　he　was　forced　to