Ì«×ÓүС˵Íø > ÀúÊ· µç×ÓÊé > historical lectures and essays(²é¶û˹½ð˹ÀûÀúÊ·½²×ù) >

µÚ4½Ú

historical lectures and essays(²é¶û˹½ð˹ÀûÀúÊ·½²×ù)-µÚ4½Ú


°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




retreating¡¡lions¡¡driven¡¡into¡¡their¡¡native¡¡woods£»¡¡slaying¡¡more¡¡in¡¡the¡¡pursuit¡¡

than¡¡they¡¡slew¡¡even¡¡in¡¡the¡¡fight¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡so¡¡it¡¡was¡¡to¡¡be£»¡¡for¡¡so¡¡it¡¡ought¡¡to¡¡have¡¡been¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡You£»¡¡my¡¡American¡¡

friends£»¡¡delight£»¡¡as¡¡I¡¡have¡¡said¡¡already£»¡¡in¡¡seeing¡¡the¡¡old¡¡places¡¡of¡¡the¡¡old¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡11¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡12¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Historical¡¡Lectures¡¡and¡¡Essays¡¡



country¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Go£»¡¡I¡¡beg¡¡you£»¡¡and¡¡look¡¡at¡¡that¡¡old¡¡place£»¡¡and¡¡if¡¡you¡¡be¡¡wise£»¡¡

you¡¡will¡¡carry¡¡back¡¡from¡¡it¡¡one¡¡lesson£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡That¡¡God's¡¡thoughts¡¡are¡¡not¡¡as¡¡

our¡¡thoughts£»¡¡nor¡¡His¡¡ways¡¡as¡¡our¡¡ways¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡fearful¡¡¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡followed¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡cannot¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡believe¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡

forefathers¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡been£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡way¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡other£»¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡sinners£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡

conquests¡¡as¡¡Canute's¡¡and¡¡William's¡¡would¡¡not¡¡have¡¡fallen¡¡on¡¡them¡¡within¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡short¡¡¡¡¡¡space¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡sixty¡¡¡¡years¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡want¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡courage£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡

Stamford¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Brigg¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Hastings¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡showed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡full¡¡¡¡well¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡English¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡swine£»¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡

Norman¡¡conquerors¡¡called¡¡them¡¡often¡¡enough£»¡¡but¡¡never¡¡English¡¡cowards¡£¡¡

Their¡¡ruinous¡¡vice£»¡¡if¡¡we¡¡are¡¡to¡¡trust¡¡the¡¡records¡¡of¡¡the¡¡time£»¡¡was¡¡what¡¡the¡¡

old¡¡monks¡¡called¡¡accidia£§Greek¡¡text£§¡¡and¡¡ranked¡¡it¡¡as¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡seven¡¡

deadly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡sins£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡general¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡careless£»¡¡¡¡¡¡sleepy£»¡¡¡¡¡¡fortable¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡habit¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡mind£»¡¡

which¡¡¡¡¡¡lets¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡go¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡way¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡good¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡evila¡¡¡¡¡¡habit¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡mind¡¡¡¡¡¡too¡¡¡¡¡¡often¡¡

acpanied£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡case¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Angle¡­Danes£»¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡self¡­indulgence£»¡¡

often¡¡coarse¡¡enough¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Huge¡¡eaters¡¡and¡¡huger¡¡drinkers£»¡¡fuddled¡¡with¡¡ale£»¡¡

were¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡went¡¡down¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡Hastingsthough¡¡they¡¡¡¡went¡¡down¡¡¡¡like¡¡

heroesbefore¡¡the¡¡staid¡¡and¡¡sober¡¡Norman¡¡out¡¡of¡¡France¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡those¡¡were¡¡fearful¡¡times¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡As¡¡long¡¡as¡¡William¡¡lived£»¡¡ruthless¡¡as¡¡he¡¡

was¡¡to¡¡all¡¡rebels£»¡¡he¡¡kept¡¡order¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡did¡¡justice¡¡with¡¡a¡¡strong¡¡and¡¡steady¡¡

hand£»¡¡for¡¡he¡¡brought¡¡with¡¡him¡¡from¡¡Normandy¡¡the¡¡instincts¡¡of¡¡a¡¡truly¡¡great¡¡

statesman¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡in¡¡his¡¡sons'¡¡time¡¡matters¡¡grew¡¡worse¡¡and¡¡worse¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡After¡¡

that£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡troubles¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Stephen's¡¡¡¡¡¡reign£»¡¡¡¡¡¡anarchy¡¡¡¡¡¡let¡¡¡¡¡¡loose¡¡¡¡¡¡tyranny¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡

most¡¡fearful¡¡form£»¡¡and¡¡things¡¡were¡¡done¡¡which¡¡recall¡¡the¡¡cruelties¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

old¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Spanish¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡CONQUISTADORES¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡America¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Scott's¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡charming¡¡

romance¡¡of¡¡¡¨Ivanhoe¡¨¡¡must¡¡be¡¡taken£»¡¡I¡¡fear£»¡¡as¡¡a¡¡too¡¡true¡¡picture¡¡of¡¡English¡¡

society¡¡in¡¡the¡¡time¡¡of¡¡Richard¡¡I¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡what¡¡came¡¡of¡¡it¡¡all£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡What¡¡was¡¡the¡¡result¡¡of¡¡all¡¡this¡¡misery¡¡and¡¡

wrong£¿¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This£»¡¡paradoxical¡¡as¡¡it¡¡may¡¡seem£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡That¡¡the¡¡Norman¡¡conquest¡¡was¡¡

the¡¡making¡¡of¡¡the¡¡English¡¡people£»¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Free¡¡mons¡¡of¡¡England¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Paradoxical£»¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡true¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡First£»¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡dismiss¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡minds¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

too¡¡¡¡¡¡mon¡¡¡¡¡¡notion¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡now£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡England£»¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡governing¡¡¡¡¡¡Norman¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡12¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡13¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Historical¡¡Lectures¡¡and¡¡Essays¡¡



aristocracy£»¡¡or¡¡that¡¡there¡¡has¡¡been¡¡one£»¡¡at¡¡least¡¡since¡¡the¡¡year¡¡1215£»¡¡when¡¡

Magna¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Charta¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡won¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Norman¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡John¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡Normans¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡

English¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡alike¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡victors¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡Hastings£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡

conquistadores¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡America£»¡¡¡¡¡¡perished£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡monk¡¡¡¡¡¡chronicles¡¡¡¡¡¡point¡¡¡¡¡¡out£»¡¡

rapidly¡¡by¡¡their¡¡own¡¡crimes£»¡¡and¡¡very¡¡few¡¡of¡¡our¡¡nobility¡¡can¡¡trace¡¡their¡¡

names¡¡back¡¡to¡¡the¡¡authentic¡¡Battle¡¡Abbey¡¡roll¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡great¡¡majority¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

peers¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡sprung¡¡¡¡¡¡from£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡intermarried¡¡¡¡¡¡with£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mons£»¡¡

and¡¡the¡¡peerage¡¡has¡¡been¡¡from¡¡the¡¡first£»¡¡and¡¡has¡¡bee¡¡more¡¡and¡¡more¡¡as¡¡

centuries¡¡have¡¡rolled¡¡on£»¡¡the¡¡prize¡¡of¡¡success¡¡in¡¡life¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡cause¡¡is¡¡plain¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡conquest¡¡of¡¡England¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Normans¡¡was¡¡not¡¡

one¡¡of¡¡those¡¡conquests¡¡of¡¡a¡¡savage¡¡by¡¡a¡¡civilised¡¡race£»¡¡or¡¡of¡¡a¡¡cowardly¡¡

race¡¡by¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡brave¡¡race£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡results¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡slavery¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡conquered£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

leaves¡¡the¡¡gulf¡¡of¡¡caste¡¡between¡¡two¡¡racesmaster¡¡and¡¡slave¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡That¡¡was¡¡

the¡¡case¡¡in¡¡France£»¡¡and¡¡resulted£»¡¡after¡¡centuries¡¡of¡¡oppression£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡great¡¡

and¡¡dreadful¡¡revolution¡¡of¡¡1793£»¡¡which¡¡convulsed¡¡not¡¡only¡¡France¡¡but¡¡the¡¡

whole¡¡civilised¡¡world¡£¡¡But¡¡caste£»¡¡thank¡¡God£»¡¡has¡¡never¡¡existed¡¡in¡¡England£»¡¡

since¡¡at¡¡least¡¡the¡¡first¡¡generation¡¡after¡¡the¡¡Norman¡¡conquest¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡vast¡¡majority£»¡¡all¡¡but¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡population¡¡of¡¡England£»¡¡have¡¡been¡¡

always¡¡free£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡free£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡they¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡where¡¡¡¡¡¡caste¡¡¡¡¡¡exists¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡change¡¡their¡¡

occupations¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡intermarry£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡able¡¡¡¡men£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡the¡¡

ranks¡¡above¡¡them£»¡¡as¡¡they¡¡could¡¡sink£»¡¡if¡¡they¡¡were¡¡unable¡¡men£»¡¡into¡¡the¡¡

ranks¡¡below¡¡them¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Any¡¡man¡¡acquainted¡¡with¡¡the¡¡origin¡¡of¡¡our¡¡English¡¡

surnames¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡verify¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡fact¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡himself£»¡¡by¡¡¡¡looking¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡names¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

single¡¡parish¡¡or¡¡a¡¡single¡¡street¡¡of¡¡shops¡£¡¡There£»¡¡jumbled¡¡together£»¡¡he¡¡will¡¡

find¡¡names¡¡marking¡¡the¡¡noblest¡¡Saxon¡¡or¡¡Angle¡¡bloodKenward¡¡or¡¡Kenric£»¡¡

Osgood¡¡or¡¡Osborne£»¡¡side¡¡by¡¡side¡¡with¡¡Cordery¡¡or¡¡Banisternow¡¡names¡¡of¡¡

farmers¡¡in¡¡my¡¡own¡¡parishor¡¡other¡¡Norman¡­French¡¡names¡¡which¡¡may¡¡be£»¡¡

like¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡last£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Battle¡¡¡¡¡¡Abbey¡¡¡¡¡¡rolland¡¡¡¡¡¡side¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡side¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡almost¡¡

ubiquitous¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Brown£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡whose¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ancestor¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡probably¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Danish¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡

Norwegian¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡house¡­¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡carle£»¡¡¡¡¡¡proud¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡name¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Biorn¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Bear£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

ubiquitous¡¡Smith¡¡or¡¡Smythe£»¡¡the¡¡Smiter£»¡¡whose¡¡forefather£»¡¡whether¡¡he¡¡be¡¡

now¡¡peasant¡¡or¡¡peer£»¡¡assuredly¡¡handled¡¡the¡¡tongs¡¡and¡¡hammer¡¡at¡¡his¡¡own¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡13¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡14¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Historical¡¡Lectures¡¡and¡¡Essays¡¡



forge¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡¡¡¡holds¡¡¡¡¡¡true¡¡¡¡¡¡equally¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡New¡¡¡¡¡¡England¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Old¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡When¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡

search¡¡through¡¡£¨as¡¡I¡¡delight¡¡to¡¡do£©¡¡your¡¡New¡¡England¡¡surnames£»¡¡I¡¡find¡¡the¡¡

same¡¡jumble¡¡of¡¡namesWest¡¡Saxon£»¡¡Angle£»¡¡Danish£»¡¡Norman£»¡¡and¡¡French¡­¡¡

Norman¡¡likewise£»¡¡many¡¡of¡¡primaeval¡¡and¡¡heathen¡¡antiquity£»¡¡many¡¡of¡¡high¡¡

nobility£»¡¡all¡¡worked¡¡together£»¡¡as¡¡at¡¡home£»¡¡to¡¡form¡¡the¡¡Free¡¡moners¡¡of¡¡

England¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡If¡¡any¡¡should¡¡wish¡¡to¡¡know¡¡more¡¡on¡¡this¡¡curious¡¡and¡¡important¡¡subject£»¡¡

let¡¡me¡¡remend¡¡them¡¡to¡¡study¡¡Ferguson's¡¡¡¨Teutonic¡¡Name¡¡System£»¡¨¡¡a¡¡

book¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡discover¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡quaintest£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

seemingly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡plebeian¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡surnamesmany¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡surnames£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡too£»¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡

extinct¡¡in¡¡England£»¡¡but¡¡remain¡¡in¡¡Americaare¡¡really¡¡corruptions¡¡of¡¡good¡¡

old¡¡Teutonic¡¡names£»¡¡which¡¡our¡¡ancestors¡¡may¡¡have¡¡carried¡¡in¡¡the¡¡German¡¡

Forest£»¡¡before¡¡an¡¡Englishman¡¡set¡¡foot¡¡on¡¡British¡¡soil£»¡¡from¡¡which¡¡he¡¡will¡¡

rise¡¡with¡¡the¡¡fortable¡¡feeling¡¡that¡¡we¡¡English¡­speaking¡¡men£»¡¡from¡¡the¡¡

highest¡¡to¡¡the¡¡lowest£»¡¡are¡¡literally¡¡kinsmen¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Nay£»¡¡so¡¡utterly¡¡made¡¡up¡¡now¡¡

is¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡blood¡­¡¡¡¡¡¡feud¡¡¡¡¡¡between¡¡¡¡¡¡Norseman¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Englishman£»¡¡¡¡¡¡between¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

descendants¡¡of¡¡those¡¡who¡¡conquered¡¡and¡¡those¡¡who¡¡were¡¡conquered£»¡¡that¡¡

in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡children¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡Prince¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Wales£»¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡¡¡800¡¡¡¡years£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡blood¡¡¡¡of¡¡

William¡¡of¡¡Normandy¡¡is¡¡mingled¡¡with¡¡the¡¡blood¡¡of¡¡the¡¡very¡¡Harold¡¡who¡¡

fell¡¡at¡¡Hastings¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡so£»¡¡by¡¡the¡¡bitter¡¡woes¡¡which¡¡followed¡¡the¡¡Norman¡¡

conquest¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡population£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Dane£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Angle£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Saxon£»¡¡¡¡¡¡earl¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

churl£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡freeman¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡slave£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡crushed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡welded¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡together¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡

homogeneous¡¡¡¡¡¡mass£»¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡just¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡merciful¡¡¡¡¡¡towards¡¡¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

most¡¡¡¡¡¡wholesome¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡teachings£»¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡munity¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡suffering£»¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡they¡¡

had¡¡been£»¡¡as¡¡I¡¡fear¡¡they¡¡were£»¡¡a¡¡lazy¡¡and¡¡a¡¡sensual¡¡people£»¡¡were¡¡taught¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡That¡¡¡¡¡¡life¡¡is¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡idle¡¡ore£»¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡heated¡¡¡¡¡¡hot¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡burning¡¡¡¡¡¡fears£»¡¡And¡¡

bathed¡¡in¡¡baths¡¡of¡¡hissing¡¡tears£»¡¡And¡¡battered¡¡with¡¡the¡¡strokes¡¡of¡¡doom¡¡To¡¡

shape¡¡and¡¡use¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡how¡¡did¡¡these¡¡wild¡¡Vikings¡¡bee¡¡Christian¡¡men£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡a¡¡long¡¡

story¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡So¡¡stanch¡¡a¡¡race¡¡was¡¡sure¡¡to¡¡be¡¡converted¡¡only¡¡very¡¡slowly¡£¡¡Noble¡¡

missionaries¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡Ansgar£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Rembert£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Poppo£»¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡worked¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡150¡¡¡¡¡¡years¡¡

and¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡among¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡heathens¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Denmark¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡patriotism¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡14¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡15¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Historical¡¡Lectures¡¡and¡¡Essays¡¡



Norseman¡¡always¡¡recoiled£»¡¡even¡¡though¡¡in¡¡secret£»¡¡from¡¡the¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡they¡¡

were¡¡German¡¡monks£»¡¡backed¡¡by¡¡the¡¡authority¡¡of¡¡the¡¡German¡¡emperor£»¡¡and¡¡

many¡¡a¡¡man£»¡¡like¡¡Svend¡¡Fork¡­beard£»¡¡father¡¡of¡¡the¡¡great¡¡Canute£»¡¡though¡¡he¡¡

had¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Kaiser¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡godfather£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡turned¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡heathen¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡once¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

moment¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡free£»¡¡¡¡¡¡because¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡baptism¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡badge¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡foreign¡¡

conquest£»¡¡and¡¡neither¡¡pope¡¡nor¡¡kaiser¡¡should¡¡lord¡¡it¡¡over¡¡him£»¡¡body¡¡or¡¡soul¡£¡¡

St¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Olaf£»¡¡¡¡¡¡indeed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡forced¡¡¡¡¡¡Christianity¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Norse¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡sword's¡¡

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨3£© ²È£¨3£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ