historical lectures and essays(臥櫛帽署帽旋煽雰讐恙)-及10准
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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
So with that other storyHow young Cyrus�察 �giving out that his
grandfather had made him general of the Persians�察 �summoned them all�察�
each man with a sickle in his hand�察�into a prairie full of thorns�察�and bade
them clear it in one day�察�and how when they�察�like loyal men�察�had finished�察�
he bade them bathe�察�and next day he took them into a great meadow and
feasted them with corn and wine�察�and all that his father's farm would yield�察�
and asked them which day they liked best�察 �and�察 �when they answered as
was to be expected�察�how he opened his parable and told them�察 �Choose�察�
then�察�to work for the Persians like slaves�察�or to be free with me。;
Such a tale sounds to me true。 It has the very savour of the parables
of the Old Testament�察�as have�察�surely�察�the dreams of the old Sultan�察�with
which the tale begins。 Do they not put us in mind of the dreams of
Nebuchadnezzar�察�in the Book of Daniel�拭�
Such stories are actually so beautiful that they are very likely to be true。
Understand me�察�I only say likely�察�the ditch´water view of history is not all
wrong。 Its advocates are right in saying great historic changes are not
produced simply by one great person�察 �by one remarkable event。 They
have been preparing�察 �perhaps for centuries。 They are the result of
numberless forces�察 �acting according to laws�察 �which might have been
foreseen�察 �and will be foreseen�察 �when the science of History is more
perfectly understood。
For instance�察�Cyrus could not have conquered the Median Empire at a
single blow�察�if first that empire had not been utterly rotten�察�and next�察�if he
and his handful of Persians had not been tempered and sharpened�察�by long
hardihood�察�to the finest cutting edge。
Yes�察�there were all the materials for the catastrophethe cannon�察�the
powder�察�the shot。 But to say that the Persians must have conquered the
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Medes�察�even if Cyrus had never lived�察�is to say�察�as too many philosophers
seem to me to say�察�that�察�given cannon�察�powder�察�and shot�察�it will fire itself
off some day if we only leave it alone long enough。
It may be so。 But our usual experience of Nature and Fact is�察 �that
spontaneous bustion is a rare and exceptional phenomenon�察�that if a
cannon is to be fired�察 �someone must arise and pull the trigger。 And I
believe that in Society and Politics�察�when a great event is ready to be done�察�
someone must e and do itdo it�察�perhaps�察�half unwittingly�察�by some
single rash actlike that first fatal shot fired by an electric spark。
But to return to Cyrus and his Persians。
I know not whether the ;Cyropaedia; is much read in your schools and
universities。 But it is one of the books which I should like to see�察�either
in a translation or its own exquisite Greek�察 �in the hands of every young
man。 It is not all fact。 It is but a historic romance。 But it is better than
history。 It is an ideal book�察�like Sidney's ;Arcadia; or Spenser's ;Fairy
Queen;the ideal self´ education of an ideal hero。 And the moral of the
bookponder it well�察�all young men who have the chance or the hope of
exercising authority among your follow´menthe noble and most
Christian moral of that heathen book is this�此 �that the path to solid and
beneficent influence over our fellow´men lies�察�not through brute force�察�not
through cupidity�察 �but through the highest morality�察 �through justice�察�
truthfulness�察�humanity�察�self´denial�察�modesty�察�courtesy�察�and all which makes
man or woman lovely in the eyes of mortals or of God。
Yes�察�the ;Cyropaedia; is a noble book�察�about a noble personage。 But
I cannot forget that there are nobler words by far concerning that same
noble personage�察�in the magnificent series of Hebrew Lyrics�察�which begins
;fort ye�察 �fort ye�察 �my people�察 �saith the Lord;in which the
inspired poet�察�watching the rise of Cyrus and his Puritans�察�and the fall of
Babylon�察�and the idolatries of the East�察�and the ing deliverance of his
own countrymen�察�speaks of the Persian hero in words so grand that they
have been often enough applied�察�and with all fitness�察�to one greater than
Cyrus�察�and than all men�此�
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Who raised up the righteous man from the East�察�And called him to
attend his steps�拭 �Who subdued nations at his presence�察 �And gave him
dominion over kings�拭�And made them like the dust before his sword�察�And
the driven stubble before his bow�拭�He pursueth them�察�he passeth in safety�察�
By a way never trodden before by his feet。 Who hath performed and made
these things�察�Calling the generations from the beginning�拭�I�察�Jehovah�察�the
first and the last�察�I am the same。
Behold my servant�察�whom I will uphold�察�My chosen�察�in whom my soul
delighteth�察 �I will make my spirit rest upon him�察 �And he shall publish
judgment to the nations。 He shall not cry aloud�察�nor clamour�察�Nor cause
his voice to be heard in the streets。 The bruised reed he shall not break�察�
And the smoking flax he shall not quench。 He shall publish justice�察 �and
establish it。 His force shall not be abated�察�nor broken�察�Until he has firmly
seated justice in the earth�察�And the distant nations shall wait for his Law。
Thus saith the God�察�even Jehovah�察�Who created the heavens�察�and stretched
them out�察�Who spread abroad the earth�察�and its produce�此�I�察�Jehovah�察�have
called thee for a righteous end�察 �And I will take hold of thy hand�察 �and
preserve thee�察�And I will give thee for a covenant to the people�察�And for a
light to the nations�察�To open the eyes of the blind�察�To bring the captives out
of prison�察 �And from the dungeon those who dwell in darkness。 I am
Jehovahthat is my name�察�And my glory will I not give to another�察�Nor
my praise to the graven idols。
Who saith to CyrusThou art my shepherd�察�And he shall fulfil all my
pleasure�此�Who saith to JerusalemThou shalt be built�察�And to the Temple
Thou shalt be founded。 Thus saith Jehovah to his anointed�察 �To Cyrus
whom I hold fast by his right hand�察�That I may subdue nations under him�察�
And loose the loins of kings�察�That I may open before him the two´leaved
doors�察�And the gates shall not be shut�察�I will go before thee And bring the
mountains low。 The gates of brass will I break in sunder�察�And the bars of
iron hew down。 And I will give thee the treasures of darkness�察�And the
hoards hid deep in secret places�察�That thou mayest know that I am Jehovah。
I have surnamed thee�察 �though thou knowest not me。 I am Jehovah�察 �and
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none else�察�Beside me there is no God。 I will gird thee�察�though thou hast not
known me�察�That they may know from the rising of the sun�察�And from the
west�察�that there is none beside me�察�I am Jehovah�察�and none else�察�Forming
light and creating darkness�察�Forming peace�察�and creating evil。 I�察�Jehovah�察�
make all these。
This is the Hebrew prophet's conception of the great Puritan of the
Old World who went forth with such a mission as this�察�to destroy the
idols of the East�察�while
The isles saw that�察�and feared�察�And the ends of the earth were afraid�察�
They drew near�察�they came together�察�Everyone helped his neighbour�察�And
said to his brother�察�Be of good courage。
The carver encouraged the smith�察�He that smoothed with the hammer
Him that smote on the anvil�察�Saying of the solder�察�It is good�察�And fixing
the idol with nails�察�lest it be moved�察�
But all in vain�察�for as the poet goes on�此�
Bel bowed down�察�and Nebo stooped�察�Their idols were upon the cattle�察�
A burden to the weary beast。 They stoop�察�they bow down together�察�They
could not deliver their own charge�察�Themselves are gone into captivity。
And what�察�to return�察�what was the end of the great Cyrus and of his
empire�拭�
Alas�察�alas� �as with all human glory�察�the end was not as the beginning。
We are scarce bound to believe positively the story how Cyrus made
one war too many�察�and was cut off in the Scythian deserts�察�falling before
the arrows of mere savages�察�and how their queen�察�Tomyr