湊徨勵弌傍利 > 哂囂窮徨慕 > russia in 1919(1919議躯忽) >

及24准

russia in 1919(1919議躯忽)-及24准

弌傍�� russia in 1919(1919議躯忽) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




Communists went to work to prepare a retort of a different kind。                    They 

arranged a house for the Berne delegates to live in�察�but at the same time 

they prepared to emphasize the difference between the two Internationals 

by    the  calling  of   an  anti´Berne    conference     which    should   disclaim    all 

connection with that old International which they considered had gone into 

political bankruptcy at the outbreak of the European war。 


´ Page 89´

                                        RUSSIA IN 1919 



      THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 

             ON THE RIVAL PARTIES 



     February 26th。 

       In the afternoon I got to the Executive Committee in time to hear the 

end   of   a   report   by   Rykov   on   the   economic   position。   He   said   there   was 

hope for a satisfactory conclusion to the negotiations for the building of 

the    Obi´Kotlas railway�察�and hoped that this would soon be followed by 

similar negotiations and by other concessions。              He explained that they did 

not want capitalism in Russia but that they did want the things that capital 

could give them in exchange for what they could give capital。                   This was�察�

of course�察�referring to the opposition criticism that the Soviet was prepared 

to   sell   Russia    into  the   hands    of   the  ;Anglo´American         Imperialistic 

bandits。; Rykov said that the main condition of all concessions would be 

that    they   should    not   effect  the   international    structure    of  the   Soviet 

Republic   and   should   not   lead   to   the   exploitation   of   the   workmen。   They 

wanted   railways�察  �locomotives�察  �and   machines�察  �and   their   country  was   rich 

enough to pay for these things out of its natural resources without sensible 

loss to the state or the yielding of an inch in their programme of internal 

reconstruction。 

       He   was   followed   by   Krestinsky�察  �who   pointed   out   that   whereas   the 

commissariats were�察�in a sense�察�altered forms of the old ministries�察�links 

with    the   past�察 �the  Council     of  Public   Economy�察     �organizing     the  whole 

production and distribution of the country�察�building the new socialist state�察�

was an entirely new organ and a link�察�not with the past�察�but with the future。 

       The two next speeches illustrated one of the main difficulties of the 

revolution。      Krasin    ��see   p。  153��   criticized   the  council    for  insufficient 

confidence      in  the   security   of  the   revolution。    He   said   they   were   still 

hampered   by   fears   lest   here   or   there   capitalism   should   creep   in   again。 

They     were    unnecessarily      afraid   to  make    the   fullest  possible    use   of 

specialists of all kinds who had taken a leading part in industry under the 

old regime   and   who�察 �now  that   the   old   regime�察 �the   old system�察 �had   been 


´ Page 90´

                                         RUSSIA IN 1919 



definitely   broken�察  �could   be   made   to   serve   the   new。     He   believed   that 

unless     the  utmost    use   was    made    of  the   resources    of   the  country    in 

technical knowledge�察�etc。�察�they could not hope to organize the maximum 

productivity which alone could save them from catastrophe。 

       The    speaker    who    followed     him�察  �Glebov�察    �defended     precisely    the 

opposite point of view and represented the same attitude with regard to the 

reorganization of industry as is held by many who object to Trotsky's use 

of officers of the old army in the reorganization of the new�察�believing that 

all who worked in high places under the old regime must be and remain 

enemies of the revolution�察�so that their employment is a definite source of 

danger。     Glebov   is   a   trade   union   representative�察  �and   his   speech   was   a 

clear   indication   of   the   non´political   undercurrent   towards   the   left   which 

may     shake    the  Bolshevik     position    and   will   most   certainly    come    into 

violent   conflict   with   any   definitely   bourgeois   government   that   may   be 

brought in by counter´revolution。 

       In the resolution on the economic position which was finally passed 

unanimously�察�one point reads as follows�此 �It is necessary to strive for just 

economic   relations   with   other   countries   in   the   form   of   state   regulated 

exchange   of   goods   and   the   bringing   of   the   productive   forces   of   other 

countries to the working out of the untouched natural resources of Soviet 

Russia。;     It   is interesting to notice the   curiously  mixed   character   of the 

opposition。      Some      call   for  ;a  real   socialism�察─   �which     shall  make     no 

concessions whatsoever to foreign capital�察�others for the cessation of civil 

war   and   peace   with   the   little   governments   which   have   obtained   Allied 

support。 In a single number of the Printers' Gazette�察�for example�察�there was 

a threat to appeal against the Bolsheviks to the delegation from Berne and 

an attack on Chicherin for being ready to make terms with the Entente。 

       The next business on the programme was the attitude to be adopted 

towards     the   repentant    Social   Revolutionaries       of  the  Right。    Kamenev 

made the best speech I have ever heard from him�察�for once in a way not 

letting   himself   be   drawn   into   agitational   digressions�察 �but   going   point   by 

point through what he had to say and saying it economically。                    The S。R。's 

had had three watchwords�此 �War and alliance with the Allies�察─ �Coalition 

with   the  bourgeoisie�察─�and   ;The   Constituent Assembly。;   For  over  a   year 


´ Page 91´

                                          RUSSIA IN 1919 



they   had   waged   open   war   with   the   Soviet   Government   over   these   three 

points。     They had been defeated in the field。             But they had suffered a far 

more serious moral defeat in having to confess that their very watchwords 

had been unsound。           ;War and Alliance with the Allies; had shown itself 

to mean the occupation of Russian territory by foreign troops in no way 

concerned   to   save   the   revolution�察  �but   ready�察  �as   they  had   shown�察  �to   help 

every   force   that   was   working   for   its   suppression。       ;Coalition   with   the 

Bourgeoisie; had shown itself to be a path the natural ending to which was 

the    dictatorship      of   the   bourgeoisie       through     military    force。      ;The 

Constituent Assembly; had been proved to be no more than a useful mask 

behind which the enemies of the revolution could prepare their forces and 

trick the masses to their own undoing。 

       He     read    the   declaration     of    the   Right    Social     Revolutionaries�察�

admitting that the Soviet Government was the only force working against 

a    dictatorship     of   the   bourgeoisie�察    �and    calling    upon    their   troops    to 

overthrow       the  usurping     governments       in   Siberia�察  �and   elsewhere。      This 

repentance�察�however�察�had come rather late and there were those who did 

not    share    it。   He     said   finally   that   the   Executive      Committee        must 

remember   that   it   was   not   a   party   considering   its   relations   with   another 

party�察�but an organ of government considering the attitude of the country 

towards a party which in the most serious moment of Russian history had 

admittedly  made   grave   mistakes   and   helped   Russia's   enemies。             Now�察  �in 

this   difficult   moment�察  �every   one   who   was   sincerely   ready   to   help   the 

working   masses   of   Russia   in   their   struggle   had   the   right   to   be   given   a 

place in the ranks of the fighters。            The Social Revolutionaries should be 

allowed      to   prove    in   deeds    the   sincerity    of   their   recantation。      The 

resolution which was passed recapitulated the recantations�察�mentioned by 

name the members of the party with whom discussions had been carried 

on�察  �withdrew   the   decision   of   June   14th   ��excluding   the   S。R。's   from   the 

Executive       Committee        on   the   ground      of   their   counter´revolutionary 

tendencies�� with regard to all groups of the party which held themselves 

bound by the recently published declarations�察�gave them the right equally 

with   other   parties   to   share   in   the   work   of   the   Soviets�察  �and   notified   the 

administrative   and   judicial   organs   of   the   Republic   to   free   the   arrested 


´ Page 92´

                                        RUSSIA IN 1919 



S。R。's who shared the point of view expressed in the recantations。                     The 

resolution was passed without enthusiasm but without opposition。 

      

卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��1�� 家��0��

低辛嬬浪散議