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while�察 �in   the   South�察�it seems   to have  been   exclusively  an   English   plant。 

Sackville�察 �Duke   of   Middlesex�察 �is   said to have  founded   the  first   lodge   at 

Florence in 1733�察�Lord Coleraine at Gibraltar and Madrid�察�one Gordon in 

Portugal�察  �and   everywhere�察  �at   the   commencement   of   the   movement�察  �we 

find    either   London      or  Scotland     the  mother´lodges�察      �introducing     on   the 

Continent   those   liberal   and   humane   ideas   of   which   England   was   then 

considered�察�to her glory�察�as the only home left on earth。 

     But�察�alas� �the seed sown grew up into strange shapes�察�according to the 

soil in which it rooted。         False doctrine�察�heresy�察�and schism�察�according to 

Herr     Findel�察   �the  learned     and   rational    historian    whom     I  have    chiefly 



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followed�察  �defiled   the   new   Church   from   its   infancy。      ;In   France�察─  �so   he 

bemoans himself�察 �first of all there shot up that baneful seed of lies and 

frauds�察�of vanity and presumption�察�of hatred and discord�察�the mischievous 

high degrees�察�the misstatement that our order was allied to the Templars�察�

and existed   at the   time   of the   Crusades�察�the   removal   of old   charges�察 �the 

bringing   in   surreptitiously   of   a   multitude   of   symbols   and   forms   which 

awoke the love of secrecy�察�knighthood�察�and�察�in fact�察�all which tended to 

poison      Freemasonry。;        Herr     Findel     seems     to  attribute    these    evils 

principally   to   the   ;high   degrees。;     It   would   have   been   more   simple   to 

have attributed them to the morals of the French noblesse in the days of 

Louis Quinze。         What could a corrupt tree bring forth�察�but corrupt fruit�拭�

If some of the early lodges�察�like those of ;La Felicite; and ;L'Ancre�察─�to 

which women were admitted�察�resembled not a little the Bacchic mysteries 

of old Rome�察�and like them called for the interference of the police�察�still no 

great reform was to be expected�察�when those Sovereign Masonic Princes�察�

the   ;Emperors       of  the  East   and   West�察─   �quarrelledknights       of  the   East 

against   knights   of   the   Westtill   they   were   absorbed   or   crushed   by   the 

Lodge   ;Grand   Orient�察─  �with   Philippe   Egalite�察  �Duc   de   Chartres�察  �as   their 

grand master�察�and as his representative�察�the hero of the diamond necklace�察�

and disciple of Count CagliostroLouis�察�Prince de Rohan。 

     But if Freemasonry�察�among the frivolous and sensual French noblesse�察�

became   utterly   frivolous   and   sensual   itself�察  �it   took   a   deeper�察  �though   a 

questionably fantastic form�察�among the more serious and earnest German 

nobility。    Forgetful as they too often were of their duty to their peoples 

tyrannical�察  �extravagant�察  �debauched   by  French   opinions�察  �French   fashions�察�

French   luxuries�察  �till   they  had begun   to despise   their native   speech�察  �their 

native     literature�察  �almost    their   native    land�察  �and   to   hide   their   native 

homeliness under a clumsy varnish of French outside civilisation�察�which 

the years 1807´13 rubbed off them again with a brush of ironthey were 

yet   Germans   at   heart�察  �and   that   German   instinct   for   the   unseencall   it 

enthusiasm�察�mysticism�察�what you will�察�you cannot make it anything but a 

human fact�察�and a most powerful�察�and ��as I hold�� most blessed factthat 

instinct    for  the   unseen�察   �I  say�察 �which    gives    peculiar   value    to  German 

philosophy�察�poetry�察�art�察�religion�察�and above all to German family life�察�and 



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which   is   just   the   complement   needed   to   prevent   our   English   common´ 

sense�察  �matter´of´fact   Lockism   from   degenerating   into          materialismthat 

was only lying hidden�察�but not dead�察�in the German spirit。 

     With the Germans�察�therefore�察�Freemasonry assumed a nobler and more 

earnest   shape。     Dropping�察  �very   soon�察  �that   Lockite   and   Philosophe   tone 

which had perhaps recommended it to Frederick the Great in his youth�察�it 

became   mediaevalist   and   mystic。        It   craved   after   a   resuscitation   of   old 

chivalrous spirit�察�and the virtues of the knightly ideal�察�and the old German 

biederkeit und tapferkeit�察�which   were   all defiled   and overlaid   by  French 

fopperies。      And   not   in   vain�察  �as   no   struggle   after   a   noble   aim�察  �however 

confused or fantastic�察�is ever in vain。          Freemasonry was the direct parent 

of the Tugenbund�察�and of those secret societies which freed Germany from 

Napoleon。 Whatever follies young members of them may have committed�察�

whatever Jahn and his Turnerei�察�whatever the iron youths�察�with their iron 

decorations and iron boot´heels�察�whatever�察�in a word�察�may have been said 

or done amiss�察�in that childishness which ��as their own wisest writers often 

lament�� so often defaces the noble childlikeness of the German spirit�察�let it 

be always remembered that under the impulse first given by Freemasonry�察�

as much as that given by such heroes as Stein and Scharnhorst�察�Germany 

shook off the chains which had fallen on her in her sleep�察�and stood once 

more at Leipsic�察�were it but for a moment�察�a free people alike in body and 

in soul。 

     Remembering   this�察  �and   the   solid   benefits   which   Germany   owed   to 

Masonic influences�察�one shrinks from saying much of the extravagances in 

which its Masonry indulged before the French Revolution。                     Yet they are 

so characteristic of the age�察�so significant to the student of human nature�察�

that they must be hinted at�察�though not detailed。 

     It  is  clear  that  Masonry   was      at  first  a  movement      confined    to  the 

aristocracy�察�or at least to the most educated classes�察�and clear�察�too�察�that it 

fell   in   with   a   temper   of   mind   unsatisfied   with   the   dry   dogmatism   into 

which the popular creeds had then been frozen unsatisfied with their own 

Frenchified foppery and pseudo´ philosophyunsatisfied with want of all 

duty�察�purpose�察�noble thought�察�or noble work。              With such a temper of mind 

it fell in�此  �but that very temper was open ��as it always is�� to those dreams 



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of a royal road to wisdom and to virtue�察�which have haunted�察�in all ages�察�

the luxurious and the idle。 

     Those   who   will�察  �may   read   enough�察  �and   too   much�察  �of   the   wonderful 

secrets in nature and science and theosophy�察�which men expected to find 

and   did    not   find  in   the  higher   degrees   of    Masonry�察     �till   old  Vossthe 

translator of Homerhad to confess�察�that after ;trying for eleven years to 

attain   a   perfect   knowledge   of   the   inmost   penetralia�察  �where   the   secret   is 

said   to   be�察  �and   of   its   invisible   guardians�察─  �all   he   knew   was   that   ;the 

documents   which   he   had   to   make   known   to   the   initiated   were   nothing 

more than a well got´up farce。; 

     But the mania was general。            The high´born and the virtuous expected 

to discover some panacea for their own consciences in what Voss calls�察 �A 

multitude of symbols�察�which are ever increasing the farther you penetrate�察�

and are made to have a moral application through some arbitrary twisting 

of   their   meaning�察  �as   if   I   were   to   attempt   expounding   the   chaos   on   my 

writing´desk。; 

     A rich harvest´field was an aristocracy in such a humour�察�for quacks of 

every kind�察�richer even than that of France�察�in that the Germans were at 

once   more   honest   and   more   earnest�察  �and   therefore   to   be   robbed   more 

easily。    The     carcass   was   there�此    �and    the   birds   of  prey   were    gathered 

together。 

     Of Rosa�察�with his lodge of the Three Hammers�察�and his Potsdam gold´ 

making��of   Johnson�察  �alias   Leuchte�察  �who   passed   himself   off   as   a   Grand 

Prior sent from Scotland to resuscitate the order of Knights Templars�察�who 

informed      his   disciples    that   the  Grand     Master     Von   Hund     commanded 

26��000 men�察�that round the convent ��what convent�察�does not appear�� a high 

wall was erected�察�which was guarded day and night�察�that the English navy 

was   in   the   hands   of   the   Order�察  �that   they   had   MSS。   written   by   Hugo   de 

Paganis      ��a  mythic    hero    who    often   figures    in  these   fables���察  �that   their 

treasure was in only  three places   in   the   world�察�in Ballenstadt�察�in the icy 

mountains   of   Savoy�察  �and   in   China�察  �that 

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