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glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽)-及7准

弌傍�� glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

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still find�察�in it。    And when to this we add the marvels which                    meet us at 

every step in the anatomy and the reproduction of these                    creatures�察�and in 

the   chemical   and   mechanical   functions   which   they            fulfil   in   the   great 

economy of our planet�察�we cannot wonder at                     finding that books which 

treat of them carry with them a certain               charm of romance�察�and feed the 

play of fancy�察�and that love of the            marvellous which is inherent in man�察�

at the same time that they          lead the reader to more solemn and lofty trains 

of   thought�察  �which      can   find   their   full   satisfaction   only   in   self´forgetful 

worship�察     �and that hymn of praise which goes up ever from land and sea�察�

as    well   as   from   saints   and   martyrs   and   the   heavenly   host�察   �O   all   ye 

works of the Lord�察�and ye�察�too�察�spirits and souls of the righteous�察                    �praise 

Him�察�and magnify Him for ever� ─�

     I have said�察�that there were excuses for the old contempt of the                    study 

of Natural History。         I have said�察�too�察�it may be hoped�察            �enough to show 

that   contempt   to   be   now   ill´founded。        But   still�察  �there   are   those   who 

regard it as a mere amusement�察�and that as a                  somewhat effeminate one�察�

and think that it can at best help to           while away a leisure hour harmlessly�察�

and perhaps usefully�察�as a          substitute for coarser sports�察�or for the reading 

of novels。        Those�察�however�察�who have followed it out�察�especially on the 

sea´   shore�察  �know   better。      They   can   tell   from   experience�察  �that   over   and 

above   its   accessory   charms   of       pure   sea´breezes�察  �and      wild   rambles     by 

cliff and loch�察�the study itself has had a weighty moral effect                    upon their 

hearts   and   spirits。    There   are   those   who   can   well     understand   how   the 

good and wise John Ellis�察�amid all his              philanthropic labours for the good 

of   the   West   Indies�察  �while   he   was    spending   his   intellect   and   fortune   in 



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introducing   into our   tropic       settlements   the bread´fruit�察 �the   mangosteen�察�

and every plant and          seed which he hoped might be useful for medicine�察�

agriculture�察  �and      commerce�察  �could   yet   feel himself   justified in   devoting 

large     portions   of   his   ever   well´spent   time   to   the   fighting   the   battle   of 

the corallines against Parsons and the rest�察�and even in measuring                        pens 

with Linne�察�the prince of naturalists。 

     There     are   those   who     can   sympathise      with   the   gallant   old   Scotch 

officer     mentioned       by   some     writer    on    sea´weeds�察     �who�察   �desperately 

wounded       in   the  breach     at  Badajos�察   �and    a  sharer   in  all  the   toils  and 

triumphs   of   the   Peninsular   war�察  �could   in   his   old   age   show   a   rare   sea´ 

weed with as much triumph as his well´earned medals�察�and talk                           over a 

tiny spore´capsule with as much zest as the records of                   sieges and battles。 

Why not�拭       �That temper which made him a good                  soldier may very well 

have made him a good naturalist also。               The     late illustrious geologist�察�Sir 

Roderick   Murchison�察  �was   also   an   old         Peninsular   officer。      I   doubt   not 

that with him�察�too�察�the         experiences of war may have helped to fit him for 

the   studies   of    peace。     Certainly�察  �the   best   naturalist�察  �as   far   as   logical 

acumen�察      �as   well   as   earnest   research�察  �is   concerned�察  �whom   England   has 

ever     seen�察   �was    the   Devonshire      squire�察  �Colonel     George     Montagu�察     �of 

whom        the   late   E。  Forbes     well   says�察  �that   ;had    he  been    educated     a 

physiologist; ��and not�察�as he was�察�a soldier and a sportsman���察 �and                      made 

the study of Nature his aim and not his amusement�察�his would                       have been 

one   of   the   greatest   names   in   the   whole   range   of   British     science。;      I 

question�察  �nevertheless�察  �whether   he   would   not   have   lost          more   than   he 

would have gained by  a different training。                It   might    have made him  a 

more   learned   systematizer�察        �but   would   it  have     quickened      in   him   that 

;seeing; eye of the true soldier and              sportsman�察�which makes Montagu's 

descriptions indelible word´ pictures�察�instinct with life and truth�拭                   �There 

is no   question�察─     �says   E。   Forbes�察  �after  bewailing   the  vagueness   of   most 

naturalists�察     �about the identity of any animal Montagu described。 。 。 。 He 

was a      forward´looking philosopher�察�he spoke of every creature as if one 

exceeding like it�察�yet different from it�察�would be washed up by the                     waves 

next   tide。    Consequently   his        descriptions     are  permanent。;         Scientific 

men   will   recognize   in   this   the   highest   praise   which   can      be   bestowed�察�



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because it attributes to him the highest faculty ´ The                  Art of Seeing�察�but 

the   study   and   the   book   would   not   have   given        that。   It   is   God's   gift 

wheresoever   educated�此         �but   its   true   school´   room   is   the   camp   and   the 

ocean�察  �the   prairie   and     the   forest�察  �active�察  �self´helping   life�察  �which      can 

grapple with Nature herself�此           �not    merely with printed´books about her。 

Let no one think that this           same Natural History is a pursuit fitted only 

for    effeminate      or    pedantic      men。      I    should    say�察   �rather�察  �that   the 

qualifications       required for a perfect naturalist are as many and as lofty as 

were     required�察  �by   old   chivalrous   writers�察  �for   the   perfect   knight´errant 

of the Middle Ages�此         �for ��to sketch an ideal�察�of which I am happy               to say 

our    race   now    affords    many     a  fair  realization��     our   perfect    naturalist 

should   be   strong   in   body�察  �able   to   haul   a   dredge�察  �climb   a  rock�察  �turn   a 

boulder�察�walk all day�察�uncertain where he shall eat or                  rest�察�ready to face 

sun   and   rain�察  �wind   and   frost�察  �and   to   eat   or drink   thankfully   anything�察�

however coarse or meagre�察�he should know                    how to swim for his life�察�to 

pull an oar�察�sail a boat�察�and ride the          first horse which comes to hand�察�and�察�

finally�察  �he   should   be   a   thoroughly   good   shot�察  �and   a   skilful   fisherman�察�

and�察�if he go far       abroad�察�be able on occasion to fight for his life。 

     For his moral character�察�he must�察�like a knight of old�察�be first of                     all 

gentle and courteous�察�ready and able to ingratiate himself with                     the poor�察�

the   ignorant�察  �and   the   savage�察  �not   only   because   foreign        travel   will   be 

often otherwise impossible�察�but because he knows how                       much invaluable 

local information can be only obtained from                  fishermen�察�miners�察�hunters�察�

and tillers of the soil。        Next�察�he      should be brave and enterprising�察�and 

withal patient and undaunted�察            �not merely in travel�察�but in investigation�察�

knowing ��as Lord Bacon             might have put it�� that the kingdom of Nature�察�

like the kingdom of          heaven�察�must be taken by violence�察�and that only to 

those   who   knock       long   and   earnestly   does   the   great   mother   open   the 

doors of her       sanctuary。      He must be of a reverent turn of mind also�察�not 

rashly     discrediting any reports�察�however vague and fragmentary�察�giving 

man      credit always for some germ of truth�察�and giving Nature credit for 

an inexhaustible fertility and variety�察�which will keep him his                      life long 

always   reverent�察  �yet   never   superstitious�察  �wondering   at         the   commonest�察�

but   not   surprised   by   the   most   strange�察  �free   from   the   idols   of   size   and 



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sensuous loveliness�察�able to see grandeur in the                 minutest objects�察�beauty�察�

in the most ungainly�察�estimating each              thing not carnall

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