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glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽)-及31准

弌傍�� glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

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apply St。 Paul's      words by no means irreverently or fancifully�察 �which do 

but gender       strife�察─ � not in these pedantries is that moral training to be 

found�察  �for   which   we   have   been   lauding   the   study   of   Natural   History�此�

but    in  healthful   walks    and   voyages     out   of  doors�察  �and   in  careful   and 

patient    watching     of   the  living   animals     and   plants   at  home�察    �with   an 

observation sharpened by practice�察�and a temper calmed by the                    continual 

practice of the naturalist's first virtues ´ patience and           perseverance。 

     Practical directions for forming an ;Aquarium; may be found in Mr。 

Gosse's   book   bearing   that   name�察  �at   pp。   101�察  �255�察  �ET   SEQ。�察  �and   those 

who wish to carry out the notion thoroughly�察�cannot do better than                      buy 

his book�察�and take their choice of the many different forms of                  vase�察�with 

rockwork�察�fountains�察�and other pretty devices which he                 describes。 

     But   the   many�察  �even   if   they   have   Mr。   Gosse's   book�察  �will   be   rather 

inclined to begin   with   a small   attempt�察  �especially  as   they  are        probably 

half   sceptical   of   the   possibility   of   keeping   sea´animals    inland   without 

changing the water。         A few simple directions�察         �therefore�察�will not come 

amiss here。       They  shall be   such   as   anyone      can   put   into   practice�察  �who 

goes down to stay in a lodging´house at               the most cockney of watering´ 



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places。 

     Buy     at  any  glass´shop     a  cylindrical    glass   jar�察 �some    six  inches   in 

diameter and ten high�察�which will cost you from three to four                     shillings�察�

wash   it   clean�察  �and   fill   it   with   clean   salt´water�察  �dipped out   of   any   pool 

among the rocks�察�only looking first to see that                there is no dead fish or 

other evil matter in the said pool�察�and            that no stream from the land runs 

into   it。  If   you   choose   to   take  the   trouble   to   dip   up   the   water   over   a 

boat's side�察�so much the        better。 

     So much for your vase�察�now to stock it。 

     Go down at low spring´tide to the nearest ledge of rocks�察�and with                     a 

hammer and chisel chip off a few pieces of stone covered with                     growing 

sea´weed。      Avoid the common and coarser kinds ��fuci�� which                   cover the 

surface of   the   rocks�察  �for   they  give   out   under   water   a  slime   which   will 

foul your tank�此      �but choose the more delicate            species which fringe the 

edges   of   every   pool   at   low´water     mark�察  �the    pink   coralline�察  �the   dark 

purple ragged dulse ��Rhodymenia���察�the               Carrageen moss ��Chondrus���察�and 

above all�察�the commonest of all�察�the            delicate green Ulva�察�which you will 

see   growing   everywhere   in       wrinkled   fan´shaped   sheets�察  �as   thin   as   the 

finest   silver´paper。       The   smallest   bits   of   stone   are   sufficient�察  �provided 

the sea´weeds        have hold of them�察�for they have no real roots�察�but adhere 

by a     small disc�察�deriving no nourishment from the rock�察�but only from 

the water。      Take care�察�meanwhile�察�that there be as little as              possible on 

the    stone�察  �beside   the   weed    itself。   Especially     scrape     off   any   small 

sponges�察�and see that no worms have made their                   twining tubes of sand 

among the weed´stems�察�if they have�察�drag them                  out�察�for they will surely 

die�察�and as surely spoil all by         sulphuretted hydrogen�察�blackness�察�and evil 

smells。 

     Put your weeds into your tank�察�and settle them at the bottom�察�which 

last�察�some say�察�should be covered with a layer of pebbles�此                   �but let    the 

beginner leave it as bare as possible�察�for the pebbles only                  tempt cross´ 

grained   annelids   to   crawl   under   them�察  �die�察  �and   spoil    all   by   decaying�此�

whereas if the bottom of the vase is bare�察�you                can see a sickly or dead 

inhabitant at once�察�and take him out            ��which you must do�� instantly。           Let 

your weeds stand quietly in the            vase a day or two before you put in any 



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live   animals�察  �and   even     then�察  �do   not   put   any   in   if   the   water   does   not 

appear perfectly        clear�此   �but lift out the weeds�察�and renew the water ere 

you replace       them。 

     This is Mr。 Gosse's method。           But Mr。 Lloyd�察�in his ;Handbook to the 

Crystal Palace Aquarium�察─�advises that no weed should be put into                         the 

tank。    ;It is better�察─�he says�察 �to depend only on those which                  gradually 

and naturally appear on the rocks of the aquarium by the                   action of light�察�

and   which   answer   every   chemical   purpose。;           I   should   advise   anyone 

intending to set up an aquarium�察�however               small�察�to study what Mr。 Lloyd 

says on this matter in pp。 17´19�察           �and also in page 30�察�of his pamphlet�察�

and also to go to the Crystal          Palace Aquarium�察�and there see for himself 

the    many      beautiful      species     of    sea´weeds      which     have     appeared 

spontaneously in the tanks           from unsuspected spores floating in the sea´ 

water。     On the other       hand�察�Mr。 Lloyd lays much stress on the necessity 

of a �r ating the        water�察�by keeping it in perpetual motion�察�a process not 

easy to be      carried out in small aquaria�察�at least to that perfection which 

has    been     attained    at  the  Crystal    Palace�察  �where     the  water    is  kept  in 

continual   circulation   by   steam´power。         For   a   jar´aquarium�察  �it   will    be 

enough   to   drive   fresh   air   through   the   water   every   day�察  �by   means    of   a 

syringe。 

     Now for the live stock。         In the crannies of every rock you will              find 

sea´anemones ��Actiniae���察  �and   a dozen   of these   only will be               enough   to 

convert your little vase into the most brilliant of               living flower´gardens。 

There   they   hang   upon   the   under   side   of   the     ledges�察  �apparently   mere 

rounded      lumps    of   jelly�此  �one    is  of  dark    purple     dotted    with   green�察�

another of a rich chocolate�察�another of a              delicate olive�察�another sienna´ 

yellow�察�another all but white。          Take     them from their rock�察�you can do it 

easily by slipping under them             your finger´nail�察�or the edge of a pewter 

spoon。      Take care to tear       the sucking base as little as possible ��though a 

small   rent   they    will   darn   for   themselves   in   a   few  days�察  �easily   enough�察�

and drop       them into a basket of wet sea´weed�察�when you get home turn 

them     into   a   dish   full   of   water   and   leave  them  for   the   night�察  �and   go   to 

look    at  them    to´morrow。       What     a  change�      �The    dull   lumps    of  jelly 

have   taken   root   and   flowered   during   the   night�察  �and   your   dish   is  filled 



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from side to side with a bouquet of chrysanthemums�察�each has                    expanded 

into a   hundred´petalled  flower�察 �crimson�察 �pink�察 �purple�察�or            orange�察  �touch 

one�察�and it shrinks together like a sensitive plant�察            �displaying at the root 

of the petals a ring of brilliant turquoise          beads。     That is the commonest 

of all the Actiniae       ��Mesembryanthemum���察�you may have him when and 

where   you   will�此    �but    if   you   will   search   those   rocks   somewhat   closer�察�

you   will   find   even   more   gorgeous   species   than him。       See   in   that   pool 

some dozen large         ones�察�in full bloom�察�and quite six inches across�察�some 

of    them。     If    their    cousins    whom      we   found    just   now    were    like 

Chrysanthemums�察         �these are like quilled Dahlias。         Their arms are stouter 

and shorter      in proportion than those of the last species�察�but their colour is 

equally   brilliant。    One   is   a   brilliant   blood´red�察  �another   a delicate   sea´ 

blue striped with pink�察�but most have the disc and the                innumerable arms 

striped and ringed with various shades of grey and               brown。      Shall we get 

them�拭     �By

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