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glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(鯉斥互帽)-及30准

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to the question�察�which I hope has ere now arisen in the               minds of some of 

my readers�察 � 

     How   is   it   possible   to   see   these   wonders   at   home�拭  �Beautiful   and 

instructive as they may be�察�can they be meant for any but dwellers                  by the 

sea´side�拭    �Nay more�察�even to them�察  �must not the glories of                the water´ 

world be always more momentary than those of the rainbow�察                   �a mere Fata 

Morgana which breaks up and vanishes before the eyes�拭                      �If there were 

but some method of making a miniature sea´world for a                   few days�察�much 

more of keeping one with us when far inland。 ´ 

     This   desideratum   has   at   last   been   filled   up�察  �and   science   has   shown�察�

as usual�察�that by simply obeying Nature�察�we may conquer her�察�even                        so 

far as to have our miniature sea�察�of artificial salt´water�察           �filled with living 

plants and sea´weeds�察�maintaining each other in               perfect health�察�and each 

following�察�as far as is possible in a         confined space�察�its natural habits。 



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     To   Dr。   Johnston   is   due�察  �as   far   as   is   known�察  �the   honour   of   the   first 

accomplishment of this as of a hundred other zoological triumphs。                           As 

early as 1842�察�he proved to himself the vegetable nature of the                      common 

pink   Coralline�察  �which   fringes   every   rock´pool�察  �by   keeping   it        for   eight 

weeks in unchanged salt´water�察�without any putrefaction                      ensuing。      The 

ground�察�of course�察�on which the proof rested in this                  case was�察�that if the 

coralline were�察�as had often been thought�察�a                 zoophyte�察�the water would 

become   corrupt�察  �and   poisonous   to   the   life      of   the   small   animals   in   the 

same   jar�察  �and   that   its   remaining   fresh   argued   that   the   coralline   had   re´ 

oxygenated it from time to time�察           �and was therefore a vegetable。 

     In    1850�察   �Mr。   Robert     Warrington      communicated         to   the  Chemical 

Society      the   results   of   a   year's   experiments�察   �On   the Adjustment   of   the 

Relations   between   the   Animal   and   Vegetable   Kingdoms�察  �by   which   the 

Vital   Functions   of   both   are   permanently   maintained。;           The   law   which 

his   experiments   verified   was   the   same   as   that   on   which   Mr。   Ward�察  �in 

1842�察�founded his invaluable proposal for increasing the purity of                      the air 

in large towns�察�by planting trees and cultivating flowers                  in rooms�察�THAT 

THE        ANIMAL          AND        VEGETABLE             RESPIRATIONS              MIGHT 

COUNTERBALANCE EACH OTHER�察�the animal's blood being purified 

by the     oxygen given off by the plants�察�the plants fed by the carbonic acid 

breathed out by the animals。 

     On   the   same   principle�察  �Mr。   Warrington   first   kept�察  �for   many   months�察�

in   a   vase   of   unchanged       water�察  �two    small    gold   fish   and   a   plant   of 

Vallisneria spiralis�察�and two years afterwards began a similar                   experiment 

with sea´water�察�weeds�察�and anemones�察�which were�察�at                      last�察�as successful 

as   the   former   ones。    Mr。   Gosse   had�察  �in   the   meanwhile�察  �with   tolerable 

success   begun   a   similar   method�察  �unaware         of   what   Mr。  Warrington   had 

done�察  �and   now   the   beautiful   and   curious        exhibition   of   fresh   and   salt 

water tanks in the Zoological Gardens                in London�察�bids fair to be copied 

in   every    similar    institution�察   �and    we     hope    in  many     private    houses�察�

throughout the kingdom。 

     To    this  subject    Mr。   Gosse's     book�察   �The    Aquarium�察─      �is  principally 

devoted�察  �though   it   contains�察  �besides�察  �sketches   of   coast   scenery�察  �in       his 

usual charming style�察�and descriptions of rare sea´animals�察                  �with wise and 



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goodly reflections thereon。          One great object of         interest in the book is 

the last chapter�察�which treats fully of the          making and stocking these salt´ 

water ;Aquaria�察─�and the various             beautifully coloured plates�察�which are�察�

as it were�察�sketches from         the interior of tanks�察�are well fitted to excite the 

desire    of  all   readers    to  possess    such    gorgeous     living  pictures�察   �if  as 

nothing      else�察  �still  as  drawing´room   ornaments�察        �flower´gardens      which 

never     wither�察�fairy lakes of perpetual calm which no storm blackens�察 � 

     ��Greek text which cannot be reproduced�А�

     Those   who   have      never   seen    one   of  them   can   never   imagine     ��and 

neither   Mr。   Gosse's   pencil   nor   my   clumsy   words   can   ever   describe   to 

them�� the gorgeous colouring and the grace and delicacy of form                      which 

these subaqueous landscapes exhibit。 

     As for colouring�察 � the only bit of colour which I can remember                   even 

faintly   resembling   them   ��for   though   Correggio's   Magdalene   may            rival 

them in greens and blues�察�yet even he has no such crimsons                   and purples�� 

is the Adoration of the Shepherds�察�by that ;prince of                 colorists; ´ Palma 

Vecchio�察  �which   hangs   on   the   left´hand   side   of     Lord   Ellesmere's   great 

gallery。    But as for the forms�察 � where           shall we see their like�拭       �Where�察�

amid miniature forests as          fantastic as those of the tropics�察�animals whose 

shapes outvie the        wildest dreams of the old German ghost painters which 

cover   the    walls of   the   galleries   of   Brussels  or Antwerp�拭       �And   yet   the 

uncouthest   has   some   quaint   beauty   of   its   own�察  �while   most   ´   the   star´ 

fishes    and   anemones�察     �for   example     ´  are   nothing    but   beauty。      The 

brilliant plates in Mr。 Gosse's ;Aquarium; give�察�after all�察�but                  a meagre 

picture of the reality�察�as it may be seen in the tank´ house at the Zoological 

Gardens�察     �and   as   it  may   be   seen   also�察  �by   anyone      who    will   follow 

carefully the directions given at the end of             his book�察�stock a glass vase 

with such common things as he may find                 in an hour's search at low tide�察�

and so have an opportunity of             seeing how truly Mr。 Gosse says�察�in his 

valuable preface�察�that ´ 

     ;The habits;   ��and he  might   well have   added�察�the  marvellous   beauty�� 

;of   animals   will   never   be   thoroughly   known   till   they   are   observed      in 

detail。    Nor is it sufficient to mark them with attention now                  and then�察�

they must be closely watched�察�their various actions                carefully noted�察�their 



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behaviour       under     different     circumstances�察      �and       especially      those 

movements        which     seem     to  us   mere    vagaries�察     �undirected      by   any 

suggestible motive or cause�察�well examined。               A    rich fruit of result�察�often 

new   and   curious   and   unexpected�察  �will�察  �I    am   sure�察  �reward   anyone   who 

studies living animals in this way。          The     most interesting parts�察�by far�察�of 

published      Natural    History    are   those    minute�察   �but   graphic    particulars�察�

which   have   been   gathered   up       by   an   attentive   watching   of   individual 

animals。; 

     Mr。   Gosse's   own   books�察  �certainly�察  �give   proof   enough   of   this。      We 

need   only  direct the   reader to   his   exquisitely  humorous   account   of         the 

ways and works of a captive soldier´crab�察。�31�� to show them how                       much 

there is to be seen�察�and how full Nature is also of that               ludicrous element 

of   which   we   spoke   above。      And�察  �indeed�察  �it   is   in this   form   of   Natural 

History�此    �not in mere classification�察�and the            finding out of means�察�and 

quarrellings as to the first discovery of          that beetle or this buttercup�察 � too 

common�察�alas� �among mere              closet´collectors�察 � ;endless genealogies�察─�to 

apply St。 Paul's      words by no means irreverently or fancifully�察 �which do 

but gender       strife�察─ � not in these pedantries is that moral 

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