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I   recognized     the   General     Assembly      Hall   of   the  States    of  Flatland�察�

surrounded by dense lines of Pentagonal buildings at right angles to each 

other�察�which I knew to be streets�察�and I perceived that I was approaching 

the great Metropolis。 

     ;Here we descend�察─�said my Guide。 It was now morning�察�the first hour 

of the first day of the two thousandth year of our era。 Acting�察�as was their 

wont�察�in strict accordance with precedent�察�the highest Circles of the realm 

were meeting in solemn conclave�察�as they had met on the first hour of the 

first day of the year 1000�察�and also on the first hour of the first day of the 

year 0。 

     The minutes of the previous meetings were now read by one whom I at 



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                                               Flatland 



once recognized as my brother�察�a perfectly Symmetrical Square�察�and the 

Chief Clerk of the High Council。 It was found recorded on each occasion 

that�此   �Whereas       the  States    had   been    troubled    by   divers    ill´intentioned 

persons pretending to have received revelations from another World�察�and 

professing      to  produce     demonstrations        whereby      they   had   instigated     to 

frenzy both themselves and others�察�it had been for this cause unanimously 

resolved   by   the   Grand   Council   that   on   the   first   day   of   each   millenary�察�

special     injunctions     be   sent   to  the   Prefects    in  the   several    districts   of 

Flatland�察  �to   make   strict   search   for   such   misguided   persons�察  �and   without 

formality      of   mathematical       examination�察      �to  destroy    all   such   as   were 

Isosceles of any degree�察�to scourge and imprison any regular Triangle�察�to 

cause   any   Square   or   Pentagon   to   be   sent   to   the   district Asylum�察  �and   to 

arrest any one of higher rank�察�sending him straightway to the Capital to be 

examined and judged by the Council。; 

     ;You   hear   your   fate�察─  �said   the   Sphere   to   me�察  �while   the   Council   was 

passing for the third time the formal resolution。 ;Death or imprisonment 

awaits the Apostle of the Gospel of Three Dimensions。; ;Not so�察─�replied I�察�

;the matter is now so clear to me�察�the nature of real space so palpable�察�that 

methinks I could make a child understand it。 Permit me but to descend at 

this moment and enlighten them。; ;Not yet�察─�said my Guide�察 �the time will 

come for that。 Meantime I   must perform my   mission。 Stay thou there in 

thy place。; Saying these words�察�he leaped with great dexterity into the sea 

��if I may so call it�� of Flatland�察�right in the midst of the ring of Counsellors。 

;I come�察─�said he�察 �to proclaim that there is a land of Three Dimensions。; 

     I   could   see   many   of   the   younger   Counsellors   start   back   in   manifest 

horror�察�as the Sphere's circularSECTION widened before them。 But on a 

sign   from   the   presiding   Circlewho   shewed   not   the   slightest   alarm   or 

surprise   six   Isosceles   of   a   low   type   from   six   different   quarters   rushed 

upon the Sphere。 ;We have him�察─�they cried�察 �No�察�yes�察�we have him still� �

he's going� �he's gone� ─�

     ;My  Lords�察─  �said   the   President   to   the   Junior   Circles   of   the   Council�察�

;there is not the slightest need for surprise�察�the secret archives�察�to which I 

alone have access�察�tell me that a similar occurrence happened on the last 



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two millennial commencements。 You will�察�of course�察�say nothing of these 

trifles outside the Cabinet。; 

     Raising      his   voice�察   �he   now     summoned         the   guards。    ;Arrest     the 

policemen�察  �gag   them。  You   know   your   duty。; After   he   had   consigned   to 

their fate the  wretched  policemenill´fated and   unwilling   witnesses of   a 

State´secret   which   they   were   not   to       be   permitted   to   reveal   he   again 

addressed the Counsellors。 ;My Lords�察�the business of the Council being 

concluded�察�I have only to wish you a happy New Year。; Before departing�察�

he    expressed�察    �at   some    length�察   �to  the   Clerk�察   �my    excellent     but   most 

unfortunate brother�察�his sincere regret that�察�in accordance with precedent 

and     for   the   sake    of   secrecy�察   �he    must    condemn       him    to   perpetual 

imprisonment�察�but added his satisfaction that�察�unless some mention were 

made by him of that day's incident�察�his life would be spared。 



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                                           Flatland 



     SECTION 19                How�察�though the Sphere shewed me 



    other mysteries of                                     Spaceland�察�I still 



                  desire more�察�and what came of it 



       When I saw my poor brother led away to imprisonment�察�I attempted 

to leap down into the Council Chamber�察�desiring to intercede on his behalf�察�

or at least bid him farewell。 But I found that I had no motion of my own。 I 

absolutely   depended   on   the   volition   of   my   Guide�察  �who   said   in   gloomy 

tones�察 �Heed not thy brother�察�haply thou shalt have ample time hereafter to 

condole with him。 Follow me。; 

     Once   more   we   ascended   into   space。   ;Hitherto�察─  �said   the   Sphere�察   �I 

have shewn you naught save Plane Figures and their interiors。 Now I must 

introduce you to Solids�察�and reveal to you the plan upon which they are 

constructed。   Behold   this   multitude   of   moveable   square   cards。   See�察  �I   put 

one on another�察�not�察�as you supposed�察�Northward of the other�察�but ON the 

other。   Now   a   second�察  �now   a   third。   See�察  �I   am   building   up   a   Solid   by   a 

multitude of Squares parallel to one another。 Now the Solid is complete�察�

being as high as it is long and broad�察�and we call it a Cube。; 

     ;Pardon me�察�my Lord�察─�replied I�察 �but to my eye the appearance is as 

of an Irregular Figure whose inside is laid open to view�察�in other words�察�

methinks I see no Solid�察�but a Plane such as we infer in Flatland�察�only of 

an Irregularity which betokens some monstrous criminal�察�so that the very 

sight of it is painful to my eyes。; 

     ;True�察─�said the Sphere�察 �it appears to you a Plane�察�because you are not 

accustomed       to  light  and   shade   and   perspective�察   �just  as  in  Flatland    a 

Hexagon would appear a Straight Line to one who has not the Art of Sight 

Recognition。 But in reality it is a Solid�察�as you shall learn by the sense of 

Feeling。; 

     He then introduced me to the Cube�察�and I found that this marvellous 

Being was indeed no Plane�察�but a Solid�察�and that he was endowed with six 



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                                              Flatland 



plane     sides    and    eight    terminal     points    called     solid   angles�察    �and    I 

remembered   the   saying   of   the   Sphere   that   just   such   a   Creature   as   this 

would be formed by the Square moving�察�in Space�察�parallel to himself�此�and 

I rejoiced to think that so insignificant a Creature as I could in some sense 

be called the Progenitor of so illustrious an offspring。 

     But still I could not fully understand the meaning of what my Teacher 

had told me concerning ;light; and ;shade; and ;perspective;�察�and I did 

not hesitate to put my difficulties before him。 

     Were I to give the Sphere's explanation of these matters�察�succinct and 

clear  though   it   was�察 �it   would   be   tedious   to   an   inhabitant   of   Space�察  �who 

knows these things already。 Suffice it�察�that by his lucid statements�察�and by 

changing the position of objects and lights�察�and by allowing me to feel the 

several objects and even his own sacred Person�察�he at last made all things 

clear to me�察�so that I could now readily distinguish between a Circle and a 

Sphere�察�a Plane Figure and a Solid。 

     This   was   the   Climax�察  �the   Paradise�察  �of   my   strange   eventful   History。 

Henceforth        I  have    to  relate    the   story   of   my    miserable      Fall��most 

miserable�察     �yet  surely   most     undeserved�      �For   why   should     the   thirst  for 

knowledge be aroused�察�only to be disappointed and punished�拭�My volition 

shrinks   from   the     painful    task   of  recalling    my    humiliation�察    �yet�察 �like   a 

second Prometheus�察�I will endure this and worse�察�if by any means I may 

arouse in   the  interiors   of  Plane  and   Solid   Humanity  a  spirit of   rebellion 

against the Conceit which would limit our Dimensions to Two or Three or 

any number short of Infinity。 Away then with all personal considerations� �

Let   me   continue   to   the   end�察  �as   I   b

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