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（11）　In　our　copies　of　the　book　of　Genesis　and　of　Joseph；　this　Joseph　never　calls　himself　〃a　captive；〃　when　he　was　with　the　king　of　Egypt；　though　he　does　call　himself　〃a　servant；〃　〃a　slave；〃　or　〃captive；〃　many　times　in　the　Testament　of　the　Twelve　Patriarchs；　under　Joseph；　sect。　1；　11；　13…16。

（12）　Of　this　Egyptian　chronology　of　Manetho；　as　mistaken　by　Josephus；　and　of　these　Phoenician　shepherds；　as　falsely　supposed　by　him；　and　others　after　him；　to　have　been　the　Israelites　in　Egypt；　see　Essay　on　the　Old　Testament；　Appendix；　p。　182…188。　And　note　here；　that　when　Josephus　tells　us　that　the　Greeks　or　Argives　looked　on　this　Danaus　as　〃a　most　ancient；〃　or　〃the　most　ancient；〃　king　of　Argos；　he　need　not　be　supposed　to　mean；　in　the　strictest　sense；　that　they　had　no　one　king　so　ancient　as　he；　for　it　is　certain　that　they　owned　nine　kings　before　him；　and　Inachus　at　the　head　of　them。　See　Authentic　Records；　Part　II。　p。　983；　as　Josephus　could　not　but　know　very　well；　but　that　he　was　esteemed　as　very　ancient　by　them；　and　that　they　knew　they　had　been　first　of　all　denominated　〃Danai〃　from　this　very　ancient　king　Danaus。　Nor　does　this　superlative　degree　always　imply　the　〃most　ancient〃　of　all　without　exception；　but　is　sometimes　to　be　rendered　〃very　ancient〃　only；　as　is　the　case　in　the　like　superlative　degrees　of　other　words　also。

（13）　Authentic　Records；　Part　II。　p。　983；　as　Josephus　could　not　but　know　very　well；　but　that　he　was　esteemed　as　very　ancient　by　them；　and　that　they　knew　they　had　been　first　of　all　denominated　〃Danai〃　from　this　very　ancient　king　Danaus。　Nor　does　this　superlative　degree　always　imply　the　〃most　ancient〃　of　all　without　exception；　but　is　sometimes　to　be　rendered　〃very　ancient〃　only；　as　is　the　case　in　the　like　superlative　degrees　of　other　words　also。

（14）　This　number　in　Josephus；　that　Nebuchadnezzar　destroyed　the　temple　in　the　eighteenth　year　of　his　reign；　is　a　mistake　in　the　nicety　of　chronology；　for　it　was　in　the　nineteenth。　The　true　number　here　for　the　year　of　Darius；　in　which　the　second　temple　was　finished；　whether　the　second　with　our　present　copies；　or　the　sixth　with　that　of　Syncellus；　or　the　tenth　with　that　of　Eusebius；　is　very　uncertain；　so　we　had　best　follow　Josephus's　own　account　elsewhere；　Antiq。　；B。　XI。　ch。　3。　sect。　4；　which　shows　us　that　according　to　his　copy　of　the　Old　Testament；　after　the　second　of　Cyrus；　that　work　was　interrupted　till　the　second　of　Darius；　when　in　seven　years　it　was　finished　in　the　ninth　of　Darius。

（15）　This　is　a　thing　well　known　by　the　learned；　that　we　are　not　secure　that　we　have　any　genuine　writings　of　Pythagoras；　those　Golden　Verses；　which　are　his　best　remains；　being　generally　supposed　to　have　been　written　not　by　himself；　but　by　some　of　his　scholars　only；　in　agreement　with　what　Josephus　here　affirms　of　him。

（16）　Whether　these　verses　of　Cherilus；　the　heathen　poet；　in　the　days　of　Xerxes；　belong　to　the　Solymi　in　Pisidia；　that　were　near　a　small　lake；　or　to　the　Jews　that　dwelt　on　the　Solymean　or　Jerusalem　mountains；　near　the　great　and　broad　lake　Asphaltitis；　that　were　a　strange　people；　and　spake　the　Phoenician　tongue；　is　not　agreed　on　by　the　learned。　If　is　yet　certain　that　Josephus　here；　and　Eusebius；　Prep。　IX。　9。　p。　412；　took　them　to　be　Jews；　and　I　confess　I　cannot　but　very　much　incline　to　the　same　opinion。　The　other　Solymi　were　not　a　strange　people；　but　heathen　idolaters；　like　the　other　parts　of　Xerxes's　army；　and　that　these　spake　the　Phoenician　tongue　is　next　to　impossible；　as　the　Jews　certainly　did；　nor　is　there　the　least　evidence　for　it　elsewhere。　Nor　was　the　lake　adjoining　to　the　mountains　of　the　Solvmi　at　all　large　or　broad；　in　comparison　of　the　Jewish　lake　Asphaltitis；　nor　indeed　were　these　so　considerable　a　people　as　the　Jews；　nor　so　likely　to　be　desired　by　Xerxes　for　his　army　as　the　Jews；　to　whom　he　was　always　very　favorable。　As　for　the　rest　of　Cherilus's　description；　that　〃their　heads　were　sooty；　that　they　had　round　rasures　on　their　heads；　that　their　heads　and　faces　were　like　nasty　horse…heads；　which　had　been　hardened　in　the　smoke；〃　these　awkward　characters　probably　fitted　the　Solymi　of　Pisidi　no　better　than　they　did　the　Jews　in　Judea。　And　indeed　this　reproachful　language；　here　given　these　people；　is　to　me　a　strong　indication　that　they　were　the　poor　despicable　Jews；　and　not　the　Pisidian　Solymi　celebrated　in　Homer；　whom　Cherilus　here　describes；　nor　are　we　to　expect　that　either　Cherilus　or　Hecateus；　or　any　other　pagan　writers　cited　by　Josephus　and　Eusebius；　made　no　mistakes　in　the　Jewish　history。　If　by　comparing　their　testimonies　with　the　more　authentic　records　of　that　nation　we　find　them　for　the　main　to　confirm　the　same；　as　we　almost　always　do；　we　ought　to　be　satisfied；　and　not　expect　that　they　ever　had　an　exact　knowledge　of　all　the　circumstances　of　the　Jewish　affairs；　which　indeed　it　was　almost　always　impossible　for　them　to　have。　See　sect。　23。

（17）　This　Hezekiah；　who　is　here　called　a　high　priest；　is　not　named　in　Josephus's　catalogue；　the　real　high　priest　at　that　time　being　rather　Onias；　as　Archbishop　Usher　supposes。　However；　Josephus　often　uses　the　word　high　priests　in　the　plural　number；　as　living　many　at　the　same　time。　See　the　note　on　Antiq。　B。　XX。　ch。　8。　sect。　8。

（18）　So　I　read　the　text　with　Havercamp；　though　the　place　be　difficult。

（19）　This　number　of　arourae　or　Egyptian　acres；　3；000；000；　each　aroura　containing　a　square　of　100　Egyptian　cubits；　（being　about　three　quarters　of　an　English　acre；　and　just　twice　the　area　of　the　court　of　the　Jewish　tabernacle；）　as　contained　in　the　country　of　Judea；　will　be　about　one　third　of　the　entire　number　of　arourae　in　the　whole　land　of　Judea；　supposing　it　160　measured　miles　long　and　70　such　miles　broad；　which　estimation；　for　the　fruitful　parts　of　it；　as　perhaps　here　in　Hecateus；　is　not　therefore　very　wide　from　the　truth。　The　fifty　furlongs　in　compass　for　the　city　Jerusalem　presently　are　not　very　wide　from　the　truth　also；　as　Josephus　himself　describes　it；　who；　Of　the　War；　B。　V。　ch。　4。　sect。　3。　makes　its　wall　thirty…three　furlongs；　besides　the　suburbs　and　gardens；　nay；　he　says；　B。　V。　ch。　12。　sect。　2；　that　Titus's　wall　about　it　at　some　small　distance；　after　the　gardens　and　suburbs　were　destroyed；　was　not　less　than　thirty…nine　furlongs。　Nor　perhaps　were　its　constant　inhabitants；　in　the　days　of　Hecateus；　many　more　than　these　120；000；　because　room　was　always　to　be　left　for　vastly　greater　numbers　which　came　up　at　the　three　great　festivals；　to　say　nothing　of　the　probable　increase　in　their　number　between　the　days　of　Hecateus　and　Josephus；　which　was　at　least　three　hundred　years。　But　see　a　more　authentic　account　of　some　of　these　measures　in　my　Description　of　the　Jewish　Temples。　However；　we　are　not　to　expect　that　such　heathens　as　Cherilus　or　Hecateus；　or　the　rest　that　are　cited　by　Josephus　and　Eusebius；　could　avoid　making　many　mistakes　in　the　Jewish　history；　while　yet　they　strongly　confirm　the　same　history　in　the　general；　and　are　most　valuable　attestations　to　those　more　authentic　accounts　we　have　in　the　Scriptures　and　Josephus　concerning　them。

（20）　A　glorious　testimony　this　of　the　observation　of　the　sabbath　by　the　Jews。　See　Antiq。　B。　XVI。　ch。　2。　sect。　4；　and　ch。　6。　sect。　2；　the　Life；　sect。　54；　and　War；　B。　IV。　ch。　9。　sect。　12。

（21）　Not　their　law；　but　the　superstitious　interpretation　of　their　leaders　which　neither　the　Maccabees　nor　our　blessed　Savior　did　ever　approve　of。

（22）　In　reading　this　and　the　remaining　sections　of　this　book；　and　some　parts　of　the　next；　one　may　easily　perceive　that　our　usually　cool　and　candid　author；　Josephus；　was　too　highly　offended　with　the　impudent　calumnies　of　Manethe；　and　the　other　bitter　enemies　of　the　Jews；　with　whom　he　had　now　to　deal；　and　was　thereby　betrayed　into　a　greater　heat　and　passion　than　ordinary；　and　that　by　consequence　he　does　not　hear　reason　with　his　usual　fairness　and　impartiality；　he　seems　to　depart　sometimes　from　the　brevity　and　sincerity　of　a　faithful　historian；　which　is　his　grand　character；　and　indulges　the　prolixity　and　colors　of　a　pleader　and　a　disputant：　accordingly；　I　confess；　I　always　read　these　sections　with　less　pleasure　than　I　do　the　rest　of　his　writings；　though　I　fully　believe　the　reproaches　cast　on　the　Jews；　which　he　here　endeavors　to　confute　and　expose；　were　wholly　groundless　and　unreasonable。

（23）　This　is　a　very　valuable　testimony　of　Manetho；　that　the　laws　of　Osarsiph；　or　Moses；　were　not　made　in　compliance　with；　but　in　opposition　to；　the　customs　of　the　Egyptians。　See　the　note　on　Antiq。　B。　III。　ch。　8。　sect。　9。

（24）　By　way　of　irony；　I　suppose。

（25）　Here　we　see　that　Josephus　esteemed　a　generation　between　Joseph　and　Moses　to　be　about　forty…two　or　forty…three　years；　which；　if　taken　between　the　earlier　children；　well　agrees　with　the　duration　of　human　life　in　those　ages。　See　Antheat。　Rec。　Part　II。　pages　966；　1019；　1020。

（26）　That　is　the　meaning　of　Hierosyla　in　Greek；　not　in　Hebrew。

BOOK　II。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1。　In　the　former　book；　most　honored　Epaphroditus；　I　have　　　demonstrated　our　antiquity；　and　confirmed　the　truth　of　what　　　I　have　said；　from　the　writings　of　the　Phoenicians；　and　　　Chaldeans；　and　Egyptians。　I　have；　moreover；　produced　many　　　of　the　Grecian　writers　as　witnesses　thereto。　I　have　also　made　　　a　refutation　of　Manetho　and　Cheremon；　and　of　certain　others　　　of　our　enem