the memorabilia(纪念品)-第20节
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they do battle for their possession； a spirit of disunion＇16＇ enters； and the
parties range themselves in adverse camps。 Discord and anger sound a
note of war： the passion of more… having； staunchless avarice； threatens
hostility； and envy is a hateful fiend。＇17＇
＇15＇ i。e。 a cunning intertwining of the threads of warp and woof。
＇16＇ Cf。 Shelley； 〃The devil of disunion in their souls。〃
＇17＇ The diction is poetical。
But nevertheless； through all opposing barriers friendship steals her
way and binds together the beautiful and good among mankind。＇18＇ Such
is their virtue that they would rather possess scant means painlessly than
wield an empire won by war。 In spite of hunger and thirst they will share
their meat and drink without a pang。 Not bloom of lusty youth； nor love's
delights can warp their self…control； nor will they be tempted to cause pain
where pain should be unknown。 It is theirs not merely to eschew all greed
of riches； not merely to make a just and lawful distribution of wealth； but
to supply what is lacking to the needs of one another。 Theirs it is to
compose strife and discord not in painless oblivion simply； but to the
general advantage。 Theirs also to hinder such extravagance of anger as
shall entail remorse hereafter。 And as to envy they will make a clean
sweep and clearance of it： the good things which a man possesses shall be
also the property of his friends； and the goods which they possess are to be
looked upon as his。 Where then is the improbability that the beautiful and
noble should be sharers in the honours＇19＇ of the state not only without
injury； but even to their mutual advantage？
＇18＇ Or； as we say； 〃the elite of human kind。〃
＇19＇ 〃And the offices。〃
They indeed who covet and desire the honours and offices in a state
for the sake of the liberty thereby given them to embezzle the public
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moneys； to deal violently by their fellow…creatures； and to batten in luxury
themselves； may well be regarded as unjust and villainous persons
incapable of harmony with one another。 But if a man desire to obtain these
selfsame honours in order that； being himself secure against wrong…doing；
he may be able to assist his friends in what is right； and； raised to a high
position；＇20＇ may essay to confer some blessing on the land of his fathers；
what is there to hinder him from working in harmony with some other of a
like spirit？ Will he； with the 〃beautiful and noble〃 at his side； be less able
to aid his friends？ or will his power to benfit the community be shortened
because the flower of that community are fellow…workers in that work？
Why； even in the contests of the games it is obvious that if it were possible
for the stoutest combatants to combine against the weakest； the chosen
band would come off victors in every bout； and would carry off all the
prizes。 This indeed is against the rules of the actual arena； but in the field
of politics； where the beautiful and good hold empery； and there is nought
to hinder any from combining with whomsoever a man may choose to
benefit the state； it will be a clear gain； will it not； for any one engaged in
state affairs to make the best men his friends； whereby he will find
partners and co…operators in his aims instead of rivals and antagonists？
And this at least is obvious： in case of foreign war a man will need allies；
but all the more if in the ranks opposed to him should stand the flower of
the enemy。＇21＇ Moreover； those who are willing to fight your battles must
be kindly dealt with； that goodwill may quicken to enthusiasm； and one
good man＇22＇ is better worth your benefiting that a dozen knaves； since a
little kindness goes a long way with the good； but with the base the more
you give them the more they ask for。
＇20＇ 〃As archon；〃 or 〃raised to rule。〃
＇21＇ Lit。 〃the beautiful and good。〃
＇22＇ Or； 〃the best； though few； are better worth your benefiting than
the many base。〃
So keep a good heart； Critobulus； only try to become good yourself；
and when you have attained； set to your hand to capture the beautiful and
good。 Perhaps I may be able to give you some help in this quest； being
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myself an adept in Love's lore。＇23＇ No matter who it is for whom my heart
is aflame； in an instant my whole soul is eager to leap forth。 With
vehemence I speed to the mark。 I； who love； demand to be loved again；
this desire in me must be met by counter desire in him； this thirst for his
society by thirst reciprocal for mine。 And these will be your needs also； I
foresee； whenever you are seized with longing to contract a friendship。 Do
not hide from me； therefore； whom you would choose as a friend； since；
owing to the pains I take to please him who pleases me； I am not
altogether unversed； I fancy； in the art of catching men。＇24＇
＇23＇ 〃An authority in matters of love。〃 Cf。 Plat。 〃Symp。〃 177 D； Xen。
〃Symp。〃 viii。 2。
＇24＇ See below； III。 xi。 7； cf。 Plat。 〃Soph。〃 222； N。 T。 Matt。 iv。 19；
｛alieis anthropon｝。
Critobulus replied： Why； these are the very lessons of instruction；
Socrates； for which I have been long athirst； and the more particularly if
this same love's lore will enable me to capture those who are good of soul
and those who are beautiful of person。
Soc。 Nay； now I warn you； Critobulus； it is not within the province of
my science to make the beautiful endure him who would lay hands upon
them。 And that is why men fled from Scylla； I am persuaded； because she
laid hands upon them； but the Sirens were differentthey laid hands on
nobody； but sat afar off and chanted their spells in the ears of all； and
therefore； it is said； all men endured to listen； and were charmed。
Cri。 I promise I will not lay violent hands on any； therefore； if you
have any good device for winning friends； instruct your pupil。
Soc。 And if there is to be no laying on of the hands； there must be no
application either of the lips； is it agreed？
Cri。 No； nor application of the lips to any onenot beautiful。
Soc。 See now！ you cannot open your mouth without some luckless
utterence。 Beauty suffers no such liberty； however eagerly the ugly may
invite it； making believe some quality of soul must rank them with the
beautiful。
Cri。 Be of good cheer then； let the compact stand thus： 〃Kisses for the
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beautiful； and for the good a rain of kisses。〃 So now teach us the art of
catching friends。
Soc。 Well then； when you wish to win some one's affection； you will
allow me to lodge information against you to the effect that you admire
him and desire to be his friend？
Cri。 Lodge the indictment； with all my heart。 I never heard of any one
who hated his admirers。
Soc。 And if I add to the indictment the further charge that through your
admiration you are kindly disposed towards him； you will not feel I am
taking away your character？
Cri。 Why； no； for myself I know a kindly feeling springs up in my
heart towards any one whom I conceive to be kindly disposed to me。
Soc。 All this I shall feel empowered to say about you to those whose
friendship you seek； and I can promise further help； only there is a
comprehensive 〃if〃 to be considered： if you will further authorise me to
say that you are devoted to your friends； that nothing gives you so much
joy as a good friend； that you pride yourself no less on the fine deeds of
those you love than on your own； and on their good things equally with
your own； that you never weary of plotting and planning to procure them a
rich harvest of the same； and lastly； that you have discovered a man's
virtue is to excel his friends in kindness and his foes in hostility。 If I am
authorised thus to report of you； I think you
