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idelberg。

XIV。  EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENT ON ANIMALS:   JACQUES LOEB; Professor of Physiology in the University of California。

XV。  THE VALUE OF COLOUR IN THE STRUGGLE FOR LIFE:   E。B。 POULTON; Hope Professor of Zoology in the University of Oxford。

XVI。  GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF PLANTS:   SIR WILLIAM THISELTON…DYER。

XVII。  GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS:   HANS GADOW; Strickland Curator and Lecturer on Zoology in the University of Cambridge。

XVIII。  DARWIN AND GEOLOGY:   J。W。 JUDD。

XIX。  DARWIN'S WORK ON THE MOVEMENTS OF PLANTS:   FRANCIS DARWIN。

XX。  THE BIOLOGY OF FLOWERS:   K。 GOEBEL; Professor of Botany in the University of Munich。

XXI。  MENTAL FACTORS IN EVOLUTION:   C。 LLOYD MORGAN; Professor of Psychology at University College; Bristol。

XXII。  THE INFLUENCE OF THE CONCEPTION OF EVOLUTION ON MODERN PHILOSOPHY:   H。 HOFFDING; Professor of Philosophy in the University of Copenhagen。

XXIII。  DARWINISM AND SOCIOLOGY:   C。 BOUGLE; Professor of Social Philosophy in the University of Toulouse; and Deputy…Professor at the Sorbonne; Paris。

XXIV。  THE INFLUENCE OF DARWIN UPON RELIGIOUS THOUGHT:   REV。 P。N。 WAGGETT。

XXV。  THE INFLUENCE OF DARWINISM ON THE STUDY OF RELIGIONS:   JANE ELLEN HARRISON; Staff…Lecturer and sometime Fellow of Newnham College; Cambridge。

XXVI。  EVOLUTION AND THE SCIENCE OF LANGUAGE:   P。 GILES; Reader in Comparative Philology in the University of Cambridge。

XXVII。  DARWINISM AND HISTORY:   J。B。 BURY; Regius Professor of Modern History in the University of Cambridge。

XXVIII。  THE GENESIS OF DOUBLE STARS:   SIR GEORGE DARWIN; Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Experimental Philosophy in the University of Cambridge。

XXIX。  THE EVOLUTION OF MATTER:   W。C。D。 WHETHAM; Fellow of Trinity College; Cambridge。

INDEX。


DATES OF THE PUBLICATION Of CHARLES DARWIN'S BOOKS AND OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS IN HIS LIFE

1809:

Charles Darwin born at Shrewsbury; February 12。

1817:

〃At 8 1/2 years old I went to Mr Case's school。〃  (A day…school at Shrewsbury kept by the Rev G。 Case; Minister of the Unitarian Chapel。)

1818:

〃I was at school at Shrewsbury under a great scholar; Dr Butler; I learnt absolutely nothing; except by amusing myself by reading and experimenting in Chemistry。〃

1825:

〃As I was doing no good at school; my father wisely took me away at a rather earlier age than usual; and sent me (Oct。 1825) to Edinburgh University with my brother; where I stayed for two years。〃

1828:

Began residence at Christ's College; Cambridge。

〃I went to Cambridge early in the year 1828; and soon became acquainted with Professor Henslow。。。Nothing could be more simple; cordial and unpretending than the encouragement which he afforded to all young naturalists。〃

〃During the three years which I spent at Cambridge my time was wasted; as far as the academical studies were concerned; as completely as at Edinburgh and at school。〃

〃In order to pass the B。A。 Examination; it was。。。necessary to get up Paley's 'Evidences of Christianity;' and his 'Moral Philosophy'。。。The careful study of these works; without attempting to learn any part by rote; was the only part of the academical course which。。。was of the least use to me in the education of my mind。〃

1831:

Passed the examination for the B。A。 degree in January and kept the following terms。

〃I gained a good place among the oi polloi or crowd of men who do not go in for honours。〃

〃I am very busy;。。。and see a great deal of Henslow; whom I do not know whether I love or respect most。〃

Dec。 27。  〃Sailed from England on our circumnavigation;〃 in H。M。S。 〃Beagle〃; a barque of 235 tons carrying 6 guns; under Capt。 FitzRoy。

〃There is indeed a tide in the affairs of men。〃

1836:

Oct。 4。  〃Reached Shrewsbury after absence of 5 years and 2 days。〃

〃You cannot imagine how gloriously delightful my first visit was at home; it was worth the banishment。〃

Dec。 13。  Went to live at Cambridge (Fitzwilliam Street)。

〃The only evil I found in Cambridge was its being too pleasant。〃

1837:

〃On my return home (in the 'Beagle') in the autumn of 1836 I immediately began to prepare my journal for publication; and then saw how many facts indicated the common descent of species。。。In July (1837) I opened my first note…book for facts in relation to the Origin of Species; about which I had long reflected; and never ceased working for the next twenty years。。。Had been greatly struck from about the month of previous March on character of South American fossils; and species on Galapagos Archipelago。  These facts (especially latter); origin of all my views。〃

〃On March 7; 1837 I took lodgings in (36) Great Marlborough Street in London; and remained there for nearly two years; until I was married。〃

1838:

〃In October; that is fifteen months after I had begun my systematic enquiry; I happened to read for amusement 'Malthus on Population;' and being well prepared to appreciate the struggle for existence which everywhere goes on from long…continued observation of the habits of animals and plants; it at once struck me that under these circumstances favourable variations would tend to be preserved; and unfavourable ones to be destroyed。  The result of this would be the formation of new species。  Here then I had at last got a theory by which to work; but I was so anxious to avoid prejudice; that I determined not for some time to write even the briefest sketch of it。〃

1839:

Married at Maer (Staffordshire) to his first cousin Emma Wedgwood; daughter of Josiah Wedgwood。

〃I marvel at my good fortune that she; so infinitely my superior in every single moral quality; consented to be my wife。  She has been my wise adviser and cheerful comforter throughout life; which without her would have been during a very long period a miserable one from ill…health。  She has earned the love of every soul near her〃 (Autobiography)。

Dec。 31。  〃Entered 12 Upper Gower street〃 (now 110 Gower street; London)。  〃There never was so good a house for me; and I devoutly trust you (his future wife) will approve of it equally。  The little garden is worth its weight in gold。〃

Published 〃Journal and Researches〃; being Vol。 III。 of the 〃Narrative of the Surveying Voyage of H。M。S。 'Adventure' and 'Beagle'〃。。。

Publication of the 〃Zoology of the Voyage of H。M。S。 'Beagle'〃; Part II。; 〃Mammalia〃; by G。R。 Waterhouse; with a 〃Notice of their habits and ranges〃; by Charles Darwin。

1840:

Contributed Geological Introduction to Part I。 (〃Fossil Mammalia〃) of the 〃Zoology of the Voyage of H。M。S。 'Beagle'〃 by Richard Owen。

1842:

〃In June 1842 I first allowed myself the satisfaction of writing a very brief abstract of my (species) theory in pencil in 35 pages; and this was enlarged during the summer of 1844 into one of 230 pages; which I had fairly copied out and still (1876) possess。〃  (The first draft of 〃The Origin of Species〃; edited by Mr Francis Darwin; will be published this year (1909) by the Syndics of the Cambridge University Press。)

Sept。 14。  Settled at the village of Down in Kent。

〃I think I was never in a more perfectly quiet country。〃

Publication of 〃The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs〃; being Part I。 of the 〃Geology of the Voyage of the Beagle〃。

1844:

Publication of 〃Geological Observations on the Volcanic Islands visited during the Voyage of H。M。S。 'Beagle'〃; being Part II。 of the 〃Geology of the Voyage of the 'Beagle'〃。

〃I think much more highly of my book on Volcanic Islands since Mr Judd; by far the best judge on the subject in England; has; as I hear; learnt much from it。〃  (Autobiography; 1876。)

1845:

Publication of the 〃Journal of Researches〃 as a separate book。

1846:

Publication of 〃Geological Observations on South America〃; being Part III。 of the 〃Geology of the Voyage of the 'Beagle'〃。

1851:

Publication of a 〃Monograph of the Fossil Lepadidae〃 and of a 〃Monograph of the sub…class Cirripedia〃。

〃I fear the study of the Cirripedia will ever remain 'wholly unapplied;' and yet I feel that such study is better than castle…building。〃

1854:

Publication of Monographs of the Balanidae and Verrucidae。

〃I worked steadily on this subject for。。。eight years; and ultimately published two thick volumes; describing all the known living species; and two thin quartos on the extinct species。。。My work was of considerable use to me; when I had to discuss in the 〃Origin of Species〃 the principles of a natural classification。  Nevertheless; I doubt whether the work was worth the consumption of so much time。〃

〃From September 1854 I devoted my whole time to arranging my huge pile of notes; to observing; and to experimenting in relation to the transmutation of species。〃

1856:

〃Early in 1856 Lyell advised me to write out my views pretty fully; and I began at once to do so on a scale three or four times as extensive as that which was afterwards followed in my 'Origin of Species'。〃

1858:

Joint paper by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace 〃On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties; and on the perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection;〃 communicated to the Linnean Society by Sir Charles Lyell and Sir Joseph Hooker。


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