the antiquities of the jews-1-第322节
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have been the case here； as to the major part of the Jews now
banished； but nothing more。 See several of the Roman decrees in
their favor as to such matters； B。 XIV。 ch。 10。
（12） Since Moses never came himself beyond Jordan； nor
particularly to Mount Gerizzim； and since these Samaritans have a
tradition among them； related here by Dr。 Hudson； from Reland；
who was very skillful in Jewish and Samaritan learning； that in
the days of Uzzi or Ozis the high priest； 1 Chronicles 6：6； the
ark and other sacred vessels were； by God's command； laid up or
hidden in Mount Gerizzim； it is highly probable that this was the
foolish foundation the present Samaritans went upon； in the
sedition here described。
（13） This mention of the high priest's sacred garments received
seven days before a festival； and purified in those days against
a festival； as having been polluted by being in the custody of
heathens； in Josephus； agrees well with the traditions of the
Talmudists； as Reland here observes。 Nor is there any question
but the three feasts here mentioned were the passover； pentecost；
and feast of tabernacles； and the fast so called by way of
distinction； as Acts 27：9； was the great day of expiation。
（14） This calculation； from all Josephus's Greek copies； is
exactly right； for since Herod died about September； in the
fourth year before the Christian era； and Tiberius began； as is
well known； Aug。 19； A。D。 14； it is evident that the
thirty…seventh year of Philip； reckoned from his father's death；
was the twentieth of Tiberius； or near the end of A。D。 33； ＇the
very year of our Savior's death also；＇ or； however； in the
beginning of the next year； A。D。 34。 This Philip the tetrarch
seems to have been the best of all the posterity of Herod； for
his love of peace； and his love of justice。
An excellent example this。
（15） This Herod seems to have had the additional name of Philip；
as Antipus was named Herod…Antipas： and as Antipus and Antipater
seem to be in a manner the very same name； yet were the names of
two sons of Herod the Great； so might Philip the tetrarch and
this Herod…Philip be two different sons of the same father； all
which Grotias observes on Matthew 14：3。 Nor was it； as I with
Grotias and others of the Philip the tetrarch； but this
Herod…Philip； whose wife Herod the tetrarch had married； and that
in her first husband's lifetime； and when her first husband had
issue by her…； for which adulterous and incestuous marriage John
the Baptist justly reproved Herod the tetrarch； and for which
reproof Salome； the daughter of Herodias by her first husband
Herod…Philip； who was still alive； occasioned him to be unjustly
beheaded。
（16） Whether this sudden extinction of almost the entire lineage
of Herod the Great； which was very numerous； as we are both here
and in the next section informed； was not in part as a punishment
for the gross incests they were frequently guilty of； in marrying
their own nephews and nieces； well deserves to be considered。 See
Leviticus 18：6； 7； 21：10； and Noldius； De Herod； No。 269； 270。
（17） There are coins still extant of this Eraess； as Spanheim
informs us。 Spanheim also informs us of a coin still extant of
this Jotape； daughter of the king of Commageus。
（18） Spanheim observes； that we have here an instance of the
Attic quantity of use…money； which was the eighth part of the
original sum； or 12 per cent。； for such is the proportion of 2500
to 20；000。
（19） The governor of the Jews there。
（20） Tiberius； junior of Germanicus。
（21） This high commendation of Antonia for marrying but once；
given here； and supported elsewhere； Antiq。 B。 XVII。 ch。 13。
sect。 4； and this； notwithstanding the strongest temptations；
shows how honorable single marriages were both among the Jews and
Romans； in the days of Josephus and of the apostles； and takes
away much of that surprise which the modern Protestants have at
those laws of the apostles； where no widows； but those who had
been the wives of one husband only； are taken into the church
list； and no bishops； priests； or deacons are allowed to marry
more than once； without leaving off to officiate as clergymen any
longer。 See Luke 2：36； 1 Timothy 5：11； 12； 3：2； 12； Titus 1：10；
Constit。 Apost。 B。 II。 sect。 1； 2； B。 VI。 sect。 17； Can。 B。
XVII；； Grot。 in Luc。 ii。 36； and Resports。 ad Consult。 Cassand。
p。 44； and Cotelet。 in Constit。 B。 VI。 sect。 17。 And note； that
Tertullian owns this law against second marriages of the clergy
had been once at least executed in his time； and heavily
complains elsewhere； that the breach thereof had not been always
punished by the catholics； as it ought to have been。 Jerome；
speaking of the ill reputation of marrying twice； says； that no
such person could be chosen into the clergy in his days； which
Augustine testifies also； and for Epiphanius； rather earlier； he
is clear and full to the same purpose； and says that law obtained
over the whole catholic church in his days；as the places in the
forecited authors inform us。
（22） Dr。 Hudson here takes notice； out of Seneca； Epistle V。 that
this was the custom of Tiberius； to couple the prisoner and the
soldier that guarded him together in the same chain。
（23） Tiberius his own grandson； and Caius his brother Drusus's
grandson。
（24） So I correct Josephus's copy； which calls Germanicus his
brother； who was his brother's son。
（25） This is a known thing among the Roman historians and poets；
that Tiberius was greatly given to astrology and divination。
（26） This name of a lion is often given to tyrants； especially by
the such Agrippa； and probably his freed…man Marsyas； in effect
were； Ezekiel 19：1； 9； Esther 4：9 2 Timothy 4：17。 They are also
sometimes compared to or represented by wild beasts； of which the
lion is the principal； Daniel 7：3； 8； Apoc。 13：1； 2。
（27） Although Caius now promised to give Agrippa the tetrarchy of
Lysanias； yet was it not actually conferred upon him till the
reign of Claudius； as we learn； Antiq。 B。 XIX； ch。 5。 sect。 1。
（28） Regarding instances of the interpositions of Providence； as
have been always very rare among the other idolatrous nations；
but of old very many among the posterity of Abraham； the
worshippers of the true God； nor do these seem much inferior to
those in the Old Testament； which are the more remarkable；
because； among all their other follies and vices； the Jews were
not at this time idolaters； and the deliverances here mentioned
were done in order to prevent their relapse into that idolatry。
（29） Josephus here assures us that the ambassadors from
Alexandria to Caius were on each part no more than three in
number； for the Jews； and for the Gentiles； which are but six in
all； whereas Philo； who was the principal ambassador from the
Jews； as Josephus here confesses； （as was Apion for the
Gentiles；） says； the Jews' ambassadors were themselves no fewer
than live； towards the end of his legation to Caius； which； if
there be no mistake in the copies； must be supposed the truth；
nor； in that case； would Josephus have contradicted so authentic
a witness； had he seen that account of Philo's； which that he
ever did does not appear。
（30） This Alexander； the alabarch； or governor of the Jews； at
Alexandria； and brother to Philo； is supposed by Bishop Pearson；
in Act。 Apost。 p。 41；42； to be the same with that Alexander who
is mentioned by St。 Luke； as of the kindred of the high priests；
Acts 4：6。
（31） What Josephus here； and sect。 6； relates as done by the Jews
seed time； is in Philo； 〃not far off the time when the corn was
ripe；〃 who； as Le Clerc notes； differ here one from the other。
This is another indication that Josephus； when he wrote this
account； had not seen Philo's Legat。 ad Caiurn； otherwise he
would hardly trove herein differed from him。
（32） This。 Publius Petronius was after this still president of
Syria； under Cladius； and； at the desire of Agrippa； published a
severe decree against the inhabitants of Dora； who； in a sort of
intitation of Caius； had set op a statue of Claudius in a Jewish
synagogue there。 This decree is extant； B。 XIX。 ch。 6。 sect。 3；
and greatly confirms the present accounts of Josephus； as do the
other decrees of Claudius； relating to the like Jewish affairs；
B。 XIX。 ch。 5。 sect。 2； 3； to which I refer the inquisitive
reader。
（33） Josephus here uses the solemn New Testament words； the
presence and appearance of God； for the extraordinary
manifestation of his power and providence to Petronius； by
sending rain in a time of distress； immediately upon the
resolution he had taken to preserve the temple unpolluted； at the
hazard of his own life； without any other miraculous appearance
at all in that case； which well deserves to be taken notice of
here； and greatly illustrates several texts； both in the Old and
New Testament。
（34） This behavior of Caius to Agrippa is very like that of Herod
Antipas； his uncle； to Herodias； Agrippa's sister； about it John
the Baptist； Matthew 14：611。
（35） The joining of the right hands was esteemed among the
Peoians ＇and Parthians＇ in particular a most inviolable
obligation to fidelity； as Dr。 Hudson here observes； and refers
to the commentary on Ju
