the antiquities of the jews-1-第256节

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giving　him　hostages；　and　especially　his　son　Artabanus。　Upon
Tiberius's　writing　thus　to　Vitellius；　by　the　offer　of　great
presents　of　money；　he　persuaded　both　the　king　of　Iberia　and　the
king　of　Albania　to　make　no　delay；　but　to　fight　against　Artabanus；
and　although　they　would　not　do　it　themselves；　yet　did　they　give
the　Scythians　a　passage　through　their　country；　and　opened　the
Caspian　gates　to　them；　and　brought　them　upon　Artabanus。　So
Armenia　was　again　taken　from　the　Parthians；　and　the　country　of
Parthis　was　filled　with　war；　and　the　principal　of　their　men　were
slain；　and　all　things　were　in　disorder　among　them：　the　king's　son
also　himself　fell　in　these　wars；　together　with。　many　ten
thousands　of　his　army。　Vitellius　had　also　sent　such　great　sums　of
money　to　Artabanus's　father's　kinsmen　and　friends；　that　he　had
almost　procured　him　to　be　slain　by　the　means　of　those　bribes
which　they　had　taken。　And　when　Artabanus　perceived　that　the　plot
laid　against　him　was　not　to　be　avoided；　because　it　was　laid　by
the　principal　men；　and　those　a　great　many　in　number；　and　that　it
would　certainly　take　effect；　…　when　he　had　estimated　the　number
of　those　that　were　truly　faithful　to　him；　as　also　of　those　who
were　already　corrupted；　but　were　deceitful　in　the　kindness　they
professed　to　him；　and　were　likely；　upon　trial；　to　go　over　to　his
enemies；　he　made　his　escape　to　the　upper　provinces；　where　he
afterwards　raised　a　great　army　out　of　the　Dahae　and　Sacre；　and
fought　with　his　enemies；　and　retained　his　principality。

5。　When　Tiberius　had　heard　of　these　things；　he　desired　to　have　a
league　of　friendship　made　between　him　and　Artabanus；　and　when；
upon　this　invitation；　he　received　the　proposal　kindly；　Artabanus
and　Vitellius　went　to　Euphrates；　and　as　a　bridge　was　laid　over
the　river；　they　each　of　them　came　with　their　guards　about　them；
and　met　one　another　on　the　midst　of　the　bridge。　And　when　they　had
agreed　upon　the　terms　of　peace　Herod；　the　tetrarch　erected　a　rich
tent　on　the　midst　of　the　passage；　and　made　them　a　feast　there。
Artabanus　also；　not　long　afterward；　sent　his　son　Darius　as　an
hostage；　with　many　presents；　among　which　there　was　a　man　seven
cubits　tall；　a　Jew　he　was　by　birth；　and　his　name　was　Eleazar；
who；　for　his　tallness；　was　called　a　giant。　After　which　Vitellius
went　to　Antioch；　and　Artabanus　to　Babylon；　but　Herod　＇the
tetrarch＇　being　desirous　to　give　Caesar　the　first　information
that　they　had　obtained　hostages；　sent　posts　with　letters；　wherein
he　had　accurately　described　all　the　particulars；　and　had　left
nothing　for　the　consular　Vitellius　to　inform　him　of。　But　when
Vitellius's　letters　were　sent；　and　Caesar　had　let　him　know　that
he　was　acquainted　with　the　affairs　already；　because　Herod　had
given　him　an　account　of　them　before；　Vitellius　was　very　much
troubled　at　it；　and　supposing　that　he　had　been　thereby　a　greater
sufferer　than　he　really　was；　he　kept　up　a　secret　anger　upon　this
occasion；　till　he　could　be　revenged　on　him；　which　he　was　after
Caius　had　taken　the　government。

6。　About　this　time　it　was　that　Philip；　Herod's　'　brother；
departed　this　life；　in　the　twentieth　year　of　the　reign　of
Tiberius；　（14）　after　he　had　been　tetrarch　of　Trachonitis　and
Gaulanitis；　and　of　the　nation　of　the　Bataneans　also；　thirty…seven
years。　He　had　showed　himself　a　person　of　moderation　and　quietness
in　the　conduct　of　his　life　and　government；　he　constantly　lived　in
that　country　which　was　subject　to　him；　he　used　to　make　his
progress　with　a　few　chosen　friends；　his　tribunal　also；　on　which
he　sat　in　judgment；　followed　him　in　his　progress；　and　when　any
one　met　him　who　wanted　his　assistance；　he　made　no　delay；　but　had
his　tribunal　set　down　immediately；　wheresoever　he　happened　to　be；
and　sat　down　upon　it；　and　heard　his　complaint：　he　there　ordered
the　guilty　that　were　convicted　to　be　punished；　and　absolved　those
that　had　been　accused　unjustly。　He　died　at　Julias；　and　when　he
was　carried　to　that　monument　which　he　had　already　erected　for
himself　beforehand；　he　was　buried　with　great　pomp。　His
principality　Tiberius　took；　（for　he　left　no　sons　behind　him；）　and
added　it　to　the　province　of　Syria；　but　gave　order　that　the
tributes　which　arose　from　it　should　be　collected；　and　laid　up　in
his　tetrachy。

CHAPTER　5。

Herod　The　Tetrarch　Makes　War　With　Aretas；　The　King　Of　Arabia；　And
Is　Beaten　By　Him　As　Also　Concerning　The　Death　Of　John　The
Baptist。　How　Vitellius　Went　Up　To　Jerusalem；　Together　With　Some
Account　Of　Agrippa　And　Of　The　Posterity　Of　Herod　The　Great。

1。　About　this　time　Aretas　（the　king　of　Arabia　Petres）　and　Herod
had　a　quarrel　on　the　account　following：　Herod　the　tetrarch　had；
married　the　daughter　of　Aretas；　and　had　lived　with　her　a　great
while；　but　when　he　was　once　at　Rome；　he　lodged　with　Herod；　（15）
who　was　his　brother　indeed；　but　not　by　the　same　mother；　for　this
Herod　was　the　son　of　the　high　priest　Sireoh's　daughter。　However；
he　fell　in　love　with　Herodias；　this　last　Herod's　wife；　who　was
the　daughter　of　Aristobulus　their　brother；　and　the　sister　of
Agrippa　the　Great。　This　man　ventured　to　talk　to　her　about　a
marriage　between　them；　which　address；　when　she　admitted；　an
agreement　was　made　for　her　to　change　her　habitation；　and　come　to
him　as　soon　as　he　should　return　from　Rome：　one　article　of　this
marriage　also　was　this；　that　he　should　divorce　Aretas's　daughter。
So　Antipus；　when　he　had　made　this　agreement；　sailed　to　Rome；　but
when　he　had　done　there　the　business　he　went　about；　and　was
returned　again；　his　wife　having　discovered　the　agreement　he　had
made　with　Herodias；　and　having　learned　it　before　he　had　notice　of
her　knowledge　of　the　whole　design；　she　desired　him　to　send　her　to
Macherus；　which　is　a　place　in　the　borders　of　the　dominions　of
Aretas　and　Herod；　without　informing　him　of　any　of　her　intentions。
Accordingly　Herod　sent　her　thither；　as　thinking　his　wife　had　not
perceived　any　thing；　now　she　had　sent　a　good　while　before　to
Macherus；　which　was　subject　to　her　father　and　so　all　things
necessary　for　her　journey　were　made　ready　for　her　by　the　general
of　Aretas's　army；　and　by　that　means　she　soon　came　into　Arabia；
under　the　conduct　of　the　several　generals；　who　carried　her　from
one　to　another　successively；　and　she　soon　came　to　her　father；　and
told　him　of　Herod's　intentions。　So　Aretas　made　this　the　first
occasion　of　his　enmity　between　him　and　Herod；　who　had　also　some
quarrel　with　him　about　their　limits　at　the　country　of　Gamalitis。
So　they　raised　armies　on　both　sides；　and　prepared　for　war；　and
sent　their　generals　to　fight　instead　of　themselves；　and　when　they
had　joined　battle；　all　Herod's　army　was　destroyed　by　the
treachery　of　some　fugitives；　who；　though　they　were　of　the
tetrarchy　of　Philip；　joined　with　Aretas's　army。。　So　Herod　wrote
about　these　affairs　to　Tiberius；　who　being　very　angry　at　the
attempt　made　by　Aretas；　wrote　to　Vitellius　to　make　war　upon　him；
and　either　to　take　him　alive；　and　bring　him　to　him　in　bonds；　or
to　kill　him；　and　send　him　his　head。　This　was　the　charge　that
Tiberius　gave　to　the　president　of　Syria。

2。　Now　some　of　the　Jews　thought　that　the　destruction　of　Herod's
army　came　from　God；　and　that　very　justly；　as　a　punishment　of　what
he　did　against　John；　that　was　called　the　Baptist：　for　Herod　slew
him；　who　was　a　good　man；　and　commanded　the　Jews　to　exercise
virtue；　both　as　to　righteousness　towards　one　another；　and　piety
towards　God；　and　so　to　come　to　baptism；　for　that　the　washing
＇with　water＇　would　be　acceptable　to　him；　if　they　made　use　of　it；
not　in　order　to　the　putting　away　＇or　the　remission＇　of　some　sins
＇only＇；　but　for　the　purification　of　the　body；　supposing　still
that　the　soul　was　thoroughly　purified　beforehand　by
righteousness。　Now　when　＇many＇　others　came　in　crowds　about　him；
for　they　were　very　greatly　moved　＇or　pleased＇　by　hearing　his
words；　Herod；　who　feared　lest　the　great　influence　John　had　over
the　people　might　put　it　into　his　power　and　inclination　to　raise　a
rebellion；　（for　they　seemed　ready　to　do　any　thing　he　should
advise；）　thought　it　best；　by　putting　him　to　death；　to　prevent　any
mischief　he　might　cause；　and　not　bring　himself　into　difficulties；
by　sparing　a　man　who　might　make　him　repent　of　it　when　it　would　be
too　late。　Accordingly　he　was　sent　a　prisoner；　out　of　Herod's
suspicious　temper；　to　Macherus；　the　castle　I　before　mentioned；
and　was　there　put　to　death。　Now　the　Jews　had　an　opinion　that　the
destruction　of　this　army　was　sent　as　a　punishment　upon　Herod；　and
a　mark　of　God's　displeasure　to　him。

3。　So　Vitellius　prepared　to　make　war　with　Aretas；　having　with　him
two　legions　of　armed　men；　he　also　took　with　him　all　those　of
light　armature；　and　of　the　horsemen　which　belonged　to　them；　and
were　drawn　out　of　those　kingdoms　which　were　under　the　Romans；　and
made　haste　for　Petra；　and　came　to　Ptolemais。　But　as　he　was
marching　very　busily；　and　leading　his　army　through　Judea；　the
principal　men　met　him；　and　desired　that　he　would　not　thus　march
through　their　land；　for　that　the　laws　of　their　country　would　not
permit　them　to　overlook　those　images　which　were　brought　into　it；
of　which　there　were　a　great　many　in　their　ensigns；　so　he　was
persuaded　by　what　they　said；　and　changed　that　resolution　of　his
which　he　had　before　taken　in　this　matter。　Whereupon　he　ordered
t