the antiquities of the jews-1-第206节

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3。　And　now　Herod　having　overcome　his　enemies；　his　care　was　to
govern　those　foreigners　who　had　been　his　assistants；　for　the
crowd　of　strangers　rushed　to　see　the　temple；　and　the　sacred
things　in　the　temple；　but　the　king；　thinking　a　victory　to　be　a
more　severe　affliction　than　a　defeat；　if　any　of　those　things
which　it　was　not　lawful　to　see　should　be　seen　by　them；　used
entreaties　and　threatenings；　and　even　sometimes　force　itself；　to
restrain　them。　He　also　prohibited　the　ravage　that　was　made　in　the
city；　and　many　times　asked　Sosius　whether　the　Romans　would　empty
the　city　both　of　money　and　men；　and　leave　him　king　of　a　desert；
and　told　him　that　he　esteemed　the　dominion　over　the　whole
habitable　earth　as　by　no　means　an　equivalent　satisfaction　for
such　a　murder　of　his　citizens'；　and　when　he　said　that　this
plunder　was　justly　to　be　permitted　the　soldiers　for　the　siege
they　had　undergone；　he　replied；　that　he　would　give　every　one
their　reward　out　of　his　own　money；　and　by　this　means　be　redeemed
what　remained　of　the　city　from　destruction；　and　he　performed　what
he　had　promised　him；　for　he　gave　a　noble　present　to　every
soldier；　and　a　proportionable　present　to　their　commanders；　but　a
most　royal　present　to　Sosius　himself；　till　they　all　went　away
full　of　money。

4。　This　destruction　befell　the　city　of　Jerusalem　when　Marcus
Agrippa　and　Caninius　Gallus　were　consuls　of　Rome　（30）　on　the
hundred　eighty　and　fifth　olympiad；　on　the　third　month；　on　the
solemnity　of　the　fast；　as　if　a　periodical　revolution　of
calamities　had　returned　since　that　which　befell　the　Jews　under
Pompey；　for　the　Jews　were　taken　by　him　on　the　same　day；　and　this
was　after　twenty…seven　years'　time。　So　when　Sosius　had　dedicated
a　crown　of　gold　to　God；　he　marched　away　from　Jerusalem；　and
carried　Antigonus　with　him　in　bonds　to　Antony；　but　Herod　was
afraid　lest　Antigonus　should　be　kept　in　prison　＇only＇　by　Antony；
and　that　when　he　was　carried　to　Rome　by　him；　he　might　get　his
cause　to　be　heard　by　the　senate；　and　might　demonstrate；　as　he　was
himself　of　the　royal　blood；　and　Herod　but　a　private　man；　that
therefore　it　belonged　to　his　sons　however　to　have　the　kingdom；　on
account　of　the　family　they　were　of；　in　case　he　had　himself
offended　the　Romans　by　what　he　had　done。　Out　of　Herod's　fear　of
this　it　was　that　he；　by　giving　Antony　a　great　deal　of　money；
endeavored　to　persuade　him　to　have　Antigonus　slain；　which　if　it
were　once　done；　he　should　be　free　from　that　fear。　And　thus　did
the　government　of　the　Asamoneans　cease；　a　hundred　twenty　and　six
years　after　it　was　first　set　up。　This　family　was　a　splendid　and
an　illustrious　one；　both　on　account　of　the　nobility　of　their
stock；　and　of　the　dignity　of　the　high　priesthood；　as　also　for　the
glorious　actions　their　ancestors　had　performed　for　our　nation；
but　these　men　lost　the　government　by　their　dissensions　one　with
another；　and　it　came　to　Herod；　the　son　of　Antipater；　who　was　of
no　more　than　a　vulgar　family；　and　of　no　eminent　extraction；　but
one　that　was　subject　to　other　kings。　And　this　is　what　history
tells　us　was　the　end　of　the　Asamonean　family。

BOOK　XV。

Containing　The　Interval　Of　Eighteen　Years。

From　The　Death　Of　Antigonus　To　The　Finishing　Of　The　Temple　By
Herod。

CHAPTER　1。

Concerning　Pollio　And　Sameas。　Herod　Slays　The　Principal　Of
Antigonus's　Friends；　And　Spoils　The　City　Of　Its　Wealth。　Antony
Beheads　Antigonus。

1。　How　Sosius　and　Herod　took　Jerusalem　by　force；　and　besides
that；　how　they　took　Antigonus　captive；　has　been　related　by　us　in
the　foregoing　book。　We　will　now　proceed　in　the　narration。　And
since　Herod　had　now　the　government　of　all　Judea　put　into　his
hands；　he　promoted　such　of　the　private　men　in　the　city　as　had
been　of　his　party；　but　never　left　off　avenging　and　punishing
every　day　those　that　had　chosen　to　be　of　the　party　of　his
enemies。　But　Pollio　the　Pharisee；　and　Sameas；　a　disciple　of　his；
were　honored　by　him　above　all　the　rest；　for　when　Jerusalem　was
besieged；　they　advised　the　citizens　to　receive　Herod；　for　which
advice　they　were　well　requited。　But　this　Pollio；　at　the　time　when
Herod　was　once　upon　his　trial　of　life　and　death；　foretold；　in　way
of　reproach；　to　Hyrcanus　and　the　other　judges；　how　this　Herod；
whom　they　suffered　now　to　escape；　would　afterward　inflict
punishment　on　them　all；　which　had　its　completion　in　time；　while
God　fulfilled　the　words　he　had　spoken。

2。　At　this　time　Herod；　now　he　had　got　Jerusalem　under　his　power；
carried　off　all　the　royal　ornaments；　and　spoiled　the　wealthy　men
of　what　they　had　gotten；　and　when；　by　these　means；　he　had　heaped
together　a　great　quantity　of　silver　and　gold；　he　gave　it　all　to
Antony；　and　his　friends　that　were　about　him。　He　also　slew
forty…five　of　the　principal　men　of　Antigonus's　party；　and　set
guards　at　the　gates　of　the　city；　that　nothing　might　be　carried
out　together　with　their　dead　bodies。　They　also　searched　the　dead；
and　whatsoever　was　found；　either　of　silver　or　gold；　or　other
treasure；　it　was　carried　to　the　king；　nor　was　there　any　end　of
the　miseries　he　brought　upon　them；　and　this　distress　was　in　part
occasioned　by　the　covetousness　of　the　prince　regent；　who　was
still　in　want　of　more；　and　in　part　by　the　Sabbatic　year；　which
was　still　going　on；　and　forced　the　country　to　lie　still
uncultivated；　since　we　are　forbidden　to　sow　our　land　in　that
year。　Now　when　Antony　had　received　Antigonus　as　his　captive；　he
determined　to　keep　him　against　his　triumph；　but　when　he　heard
that　the　nation　grew　seditious；　and　that；　out　of　their　hatred　to
Herod；　they　continued　to　bear　good…will　to　Antigonus；　he　resolved
to　behead　him　at　Antioch；　for　otherwise　the　Jews　could　no　way　be
brought　to　be　quiet。　And　Strabo　of　Cappadocia　attests　to　what　I
have　said；　when　he　thus　speaks：　〃Antony　ordered　Antigonus　the　Jew
to　be　brought　to　Antioch；　and　there　to　be　beheaded。　And　this
Antony　seems　to　me　to　have　been　the　very　first　man　who　beheaded　a
king；　as　supposing　he　could　no　other　way　bend　the　minds　of　the
Jews　so　as　to　receive　Herod；　whom　he　had　made　king　in　his　stead；
for　by　no　torments　could　they　he　forced　to　call　him　king；　so
great　a　fondness　they　had　for　their　former　king；　so　he　thought
that　this　dishonorable　death　would　diminish　the　value　they　had
for　Antigonus's　memory；　and　at　the　same　time　would　diminish　the
hatred　they　bare　to　Herod。〃　Thus　far　Strabo。

CHAPTER　2。

How　Hyrcanus　Was　Set　At　Liberty　By　The　Parthians；　And　Returned　To
Herod；　And　What　Alexandra　Did　When　She　Heard　That　Ananelus　Was
Made　High　Priest。

1。　Now　after　Herod　was　in　possession　of　the　kingdom；　Hyrcanus　the
high　priest；　who　was　then　a　captive　among　the　Parthians；　came　to
him　again；　and　was　set　free　from　his　captivity；　in　the　manner
following：　Barzapharnes　and　Pacorus；　the　generals　of　the
Parthians；　took　Hyreanus；　who　was　first　made　high　priest　and
afterward　king；　and　Herod's　brother；　Phasaelus　captives；　and　were
them　away　into　Parthis。　Phasaelus　indeed　could　not　bear　the
reproach　of　being　in　bonds；　and　thinking　that　death　with　glory
was　better　than　any　life　whatsoever；　he　became　his　own
executioner；　as　I　have　formerly　related。

2。　But　when　Hyrcanus　was　brought　into　Parthia　the　king　Phraates
treated　him　after　a　very　gentle　manner；　as　having　already　learned
of　what　an　illustrious　family　he　was；　on　which　account　he　set　him
free　from　his　bonds；　and　gave　him　a　habitation　at　Babylon；　（1）
where　there　were　Jews　in　great　numbers。　These　Jews　honored
Hyrcanus　as　their　high　priest　and　king；　as　did　all　the　Jewish
nation　that　dwelt　as　far　as　Euphrates；　which　respect　was　very
much　to　his　satisfaction。　But　when　he　was　informed　that　Herod　had
received　the　kingdom；　new　hopes　came　upon　him；　as　having　been
himself　still　of　a　kind　disposition　towards　him；　and　expecting
that　Herod　would　bear　in　mind　what　favor　be　had　received　from
him；　and　when　he　was　upon　his　trial；　and　when　he　was　in　danger
that　a　capital　sentence　would　be　pronounced　against　him；　he
delivered　him　from　that　danger；　and　from　all　punishment。
Accordingly；　he　talked　of　that　matter　with　the　Jew　that　came
often　to　him　with　great　affection；　but　they　endeavored　to　retain
him　among　them；　and　desired　that　he　would　stay　with　them；　putting
him　in　mind　of　the　kind　offices　and　honors　they　did　him；　and　that
those　honors　they　paid　him　were　not　at　all　inferior　to　what　they
could　pay　to　either　their　high　priests　or　their　kings；　and　what
was　a　greater　motive　to　determine　him；　they　said；　was　this；　that
he　could　not　have　those　dignities　＇in　Judea＇　because　of　that　maim
in　his　body；　which　had　been　inflicted　on　him　by　Antigonus；　and
that　kings　do　not　use　to　requite　men　for　those　kindnesses　which
they　received　when　they　were　private　persons；　the　height　of　their
fortune　making　usually　no　small　changes　in　them。

3。　Now　although　they　suggested　these　arguments　to　him　for　his　own
advantage；　yet　did　Hyrcanus　still　desire　to　depart。　Herod　also
wrote　to　him；　and　persuaded　him　to　desire　of　Phraates；　and　the
Jews　that　were　there；　that　they　should　not　grudge　him　the　royal
authority；　which　he　should　have　jointly　with　himself；　for　that
now　was　the　proper　time　for　himself　to　make　him　amends　for　the
favors　he　had　received　from　him；　as　having　been　brought　up　by
him；　and　saved　by　him　also；　as　well　as　for　Hyrca