the wars of the jews-第34节

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funeral　feast　to　the　multitude；　（which　custom　is　the　occasion　of　poverty　to　many　of　the　Jews；　because　they　are　forced　to　feast　the　multitude；　for　if　any　one　omits　it；　he　is　not　esteemed　a　holy　person；）　he　put　on　a　white　garment；　and　went　up　to　the　temple；　where　the　people　accosted　him　with　various　acclamations。　He　also　spake　kindly　to　the　multitude　from　an　elevated　seat　and　a　throne　of　gold；　and　returned　them　thanks　for　the　zeal　they　had　shown　about　his　father's　funeral；　and　the　submission　they　had　made　to　him；　as　if　he　were　already　settled　in　the　kingdom；　but　he　told　them　withal；　that　he　would　not　at　present　take　upon　him　either　the　authority　of　a　king；　or　the　names　thereto　belonging；　until　Caesar；　who　is　made　lord　of　this　whole　affair　by　the　testament；　confirm　the　succession；　for　that　when　the　soldiers　would　have　set　the　diadem　on　his　head　at　Jericho；　he　would　not　accept　of　it；　but　that　he　would　make　abundant　requitals；　not　to　the　soldiers　only；　but　to　the　people；　for　their　alacrity　and　good…will　to　him；　when　the　superior　lords　＇the　Romans＇　should　have　given　him　a　complete　title　to　the　kingdom；　for　that　it　should　be　his　study　to　appear　in　all　things　better　than　his　father。

2。　Upon　this　the　multitude　were　pleased；　and　presently　made　a　trial　of　what　he　intended；　by　asking　great　things　of　him；　for　some　made　a　clamor　that　he　would　ease　them　in　their　taxes；　others；　that　he　would　take　off　the　duties　upon　commodities；　and　some；　that　he　would　loose　those　that　were　in　prison；　in　all　which　cases　he　answered　readily　to　their　satisfaction；　in　order　to　get　the　good…will　of　the　multitude；　after　which　he　offered　＇the　proper＇　sacrifices；　and　feasted　with　his　friends。　And　here　it　was　that　a　great　many　of　those　that　desired　innovations　came　in　crowds　towards　the　evening；　and　began　then　to　mourn　on　their　own　account；　when　the　public　mourning　for　the　king　was　over。　These　lamented　those　that　were　put　to　death　by　Herod；　because　they　had　cut　down　the　golden　eagle　that　had　been　over　the　gate　of　the　temple。　Nor　was　this　mourning　of　a　private　nature；　but　the　lamentations　were　very　great；　the　mourning　solemn；　and　the　weeping　such　as　was　loudly　heard　all　over　the　city；　as　being　for　those　men　who　had　perished　for　the　laws　of　their　country；　and　for　the　temple。　They　cried　out　that　a　punishment　ought　to　be　inflicted　for　these　men　upon　those　that　were　honored　by　Herod；　and　that；　in　the　first　place；　the　man　whom　he　had　made　high　priest　should　be　deprived；　and　that　it　was　fit　to　choose　a　person　of　greater　piety　and　purity　than　he　was。

3。　At　these　clamors　Archelaus　was　provoked；　but　restrained　himself　from　taking　vengeance　on　the　authors；　on　account　of　the　haste　he　was　in　of　going　to　Rome；　as　fearing　lest；　upon　his　making　war　on　the　multitude；　such　an　action　might　detain　him　at　home。　Accordingly；　he　made　trial　to　quiet　the　innovators　by　persuasion；　rather　than　by　force；　and　sent　his　general　in　a　private　way　to　them；　and　by　him　exhorted　them　to　be　quiet。　But　the　seditious　threw　stones　at　him；　and　drove　him　away；　as　he　came　into　the　temple；　and　before　he　could　say　any　thing　to　them。　The　like　treatment　they　showed　to　others；　who　came　to　them　after　him；　many　of　which　were　sent　by　Archelaus；　in　order　to　reduce　them　to　sobriety；　and　these　answered　still　on　all　occasions　after　a　passionate　manner；　and　it　openly　appeared　that　they　would　not　be　quiet；　if　their　numbers　were　but　considerable。　And　indeed；　at　the　feast　of　unleavened　bread；　which　was　now　at　hand；　and　is　by　the　Jews　called　the　Passover；　and　used　to　he　celebrated　with　a　great　number　of　sacrifices；　an　innumerable　multitude　of　the　people　came　out　of　the　country　to　worship；　some　of　these　stood　in　the　temple　bewailing　the　Rabbins　＇that　had　been　put　to　death＇；　and　procured　their　sustenance　by　begging；　in　order　to　support　their　sedition。　At　this　Archclaus　was　aftrighted；　and　privately　sent　a　tribune；　with　his　cohort　of　soldiers；　upon　them；　before　the　disease　should　spread　over　the　whole　multitude；　and　gave　orders　that　they　should　constrain　those　that　began　the　tumult；　by　force；　to　be　quiet。　At　these　the　whole　multitude　were　irritated；　and　threw　stones　at　many　of　the　soldiers；　and　killed　them；　but　the　tribune　fled　away　wounded；　and　had　much　ado　to　escape　so。　After　which　they　betook　themselves　to　their　sacrifices；　as　if　they　had　done　no　mischief；　nor　did　it　appear　to　Archelaus　that　the　multitude　could　be　restrained　without　bloodshed；　so　he　sent　his　whole　army　upon　them；　the　footmen　in　great　multitudes；　by　the　way　of　the　city；　and　the　horsemen　by　the　way　of　the　plain；　who；　falling　upon　them　on　the　sudden；　as　they　were　offering　their　sacrifices；　destroyed　about　three　thousand　of　them；　but　the　rest　of　the　multitude　were　dispersed　upon　the　adjoining　mountains：　these　were　followed　by　Archelaus's　heralds；　who　commanded　every　one　to　retire　to　their　own　homes；　whither　they　all　went；　and　left　the　festival。

CHAPTER　2。

Archelaus　Goes　To　Rome　With　A　Great　Number　Of　His　Kindred。　He　Is　There　Accused　Before　Caesar　By　Antipater；　But　Is　Superior　To　His　Accusers　In　Judgment　By　The　Means　Of　That　Defense　Which　Nicolaus　Made　For　Him。

1。　Archelaus　went　down　now　to　the　sea…side；　with　his　mother　and　his　friends；　Poplas；　and　Ptolemy；　and　Nicolaus；　and　left　behind　him　Philip；　to　be　his　steward　in　the　palace；　and　to　take　care　of　his　domestic　affairs。　Salome　went　also　along　with　him　with　her　sons；　as　did　also　the　king's　brethren　and　sons…in…law。　These；　in　appearance；　went　to　give　him　all　the　assistance　they　were　able；　in　order　to　secure　his　succession；　but　in　reality　to　accuse　him　for　his　breach　of　the　laws　by　what　he　had　done　at　the　temple。　　2。　But　as　they　were　come　to　Cesarea；　Sabinus；　the　procurator　of　Syria；　met　them；　he　was　going　up　to　Judea；　to　secure　Herod's　effects；　but　Varus；　＇president　of　Syria；＇　who　was　come　thither；　restrained　him　from　going　any　farther。　This　Varus　Archelaus　had　sent　for；　by　the　earnest　entreaty　of　Ptolemy。　At　this　time；　indeed；　Sabinus；　to　gratify　Varus；　neither　went　to　the　citadels；　nor　did　he　shut　up　the　treasuries　where　his　father's　money　was　laid　up；　but　promised　that　he　would　lie　still；　until　Caesar　should　have　taken　cognizance　of　the　affair。　So　he　abode　at　Cesarea；　but　as　soon　as　those　that　were　his　hinderance　were　gone；　when　Varus　was　gone　to　Antioch；　and　Archclaus　was　sailed　to　Rome；　he　immediately　went　on　to　Jerusalem；　and　seized　upon　the　palace。　And　when　he　had　called　for　the　governors　of　the　citadels；　and　the　stewards　＇of　the　king's　private　affairs＇；　he　tried　to　sift　out　the　accounts　of　the　money；　and　to　take　possession　of　the　citadels。　But　the　governors　of　those　citadels　were　not　unmindful　of　the　commands　laid　upon　them　by　Archelaus；　and　continued　to　guard　them；　and　said　the　custody　of　them　rather　belonged　to　Caesar　than　to　Archelaus。

3。　In　the　mean　time；　Antipas　went　also　to　Rome；　to　strive　for　the　kingdom；　and　to　insist　that　the　former　testament；　wherein　he　was　named　to　be　king；　was　valid　before　the　latter　testament。　Salome　had　also　promised　to　assist　him；　as　had　many　of　Archelaus's　kindred；　who　sailed　along　with　Archelaus　himself　also。　He　also　carried　along　with　him　his　mother；　and　Ptolemy；　the　brother　of　Nicolaus；　who　seemed　one　of　great　weight；　on　account　of　the　great　trust　Herod　put　in　him；　he　having　been　one　of　his　most　honored　friends。　However；　Antipas　depended　chiefly　upon　Ireneus；　the　orator；　upon　whose　authority　he　had　rejected　such　as　advised　him　to　yield　to　Archelaus；　because　he　was　his　elder　brother；　and　because　the　second　testament　gave　the　kingdom　to　him。　The　inclinations　also　of　all　Archelaus's　kindred；　who　hated　him；　were　removed　to　Antipas；　when　they　came　to　Rome；　although　in　the　first　place　every　one　rather　desired　to　live　under　their　own　laws　＇without　a　king＇；　and　to　be　under　a　Roman　governor；　but　if　they　should　fail　in　that　point；　these　desired　that　Antipas　might　be　their　king。

4。　Sabinus　did　also　afford　these　his　assistance　to　the　same　purpose　by　letters　he　sent；　wherein　he　accused　Archelaus　before　Caesar；　and　highly　commended　Antipas。　Salome　also；　and　those　with　her；　put　the　crimes　which　they　accused　Archelaus　of　in　order；　and　put　them　into　Caesar's　hands；　and　after　they　had　done　that；　Archelaus　wrote　down　the　reasons　of　his　claim；　and；　by　Ptolemy；　sent　in　his　father's　ring；　and　his　father's　accounts。　And　when　Caesar　had　maturely　weighed　by　himself　what　both　had　to　allege　for　themselves；　as　also　had　considered　of　the　great　burden　of　the　kingdom；　and　largeness　of　the　revenues；　and　withal　the　number　of　the　children　Herod　had　left　behind　him；　and　had　moreover　read　the　letters　he　had　received　from　Varus　and　Sabinus　on　this　occasion；　he　assembled　the　principal　persons　among　the　Romans　together；　（in　which　assembly　Caius；　the　son　of　Agrippa；　and　his　daughter　Julias；　but　by　himself　adopted　for　his　own　son；　sat　in　the　first　seat；）　and　gave　the　pleaders　leave　to　speak。

5。　Then　stood　up　Salome's　son；　Antipater；　（who　of　all　Archelaus's　antagonists　was　the　shrewdest　pleader；）　and　accused　him　in　the　following　speech：　That　Archelaus　did　in　words　contend　for　the　kingdom；　but　that　in　deeds　he　had　long　exercised　royal　authority；　and　so　did　but　insult　Caesar　in　desiring　to　be　now　heard　on　that　account；　since　he　had　not　staid　for　his　determination　about　the　succession；　and　since　he　had　s