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34;976;313。 … Pelet de la Lozère; P。203。 (Speech by Napoleon to the

council of state; February 4; 1804; on the Protestant seminaries of

Geneva and Strasbourg; and on the number of Protestants in his

states。) 〃Their population numbers only 3 millions。〃



'86' Roederer; III。; 330 (July 1800): 〃The First Consul spoke to me

about the steps necessary to be taken to prevent the (emigrés) who had

been struck off from getting back their possessions; in view of

maintaining the interest in the revolution of about 1;200;000

purchasers of national domains。 〃 … Rocquain; 〃état de la France au 18

Brumaire。〃  (Report by Barbé…Marbois on Morbihan; Finisterre; Ile…et…

Vilaine; and C?tes…du…Nord; year IX。) 〃In every place I have just

passed through the proprietors recognize that their existence is

attached to that of the First Consul。〃



'87' Constitution of Frimaire 22; year VIII; art。 94。 … Article 93;

moreover; declares that 〃the possessions of the émigrés are

irrevocably acquired by the republic。〃



'88' Law of Floréal 29; year X; title I; article 8。 The member also

swears 〃to combat with all the means which justice; reason and the law

authorize; every enterprise tending to restore the feudal régime;〃

and; consequently; feudal rights and tithes



'89' Organic Sénatus…consulte; Floreal 28; year XII (18th May 1804)。

Title VII。; art。 53。



'90' Roederer; III。; 430…432 (April 4; 1802; May I; 1802): 〃Defermon

remarked to me yesterday; 'This will all go on well as long as the

First Consul lives; the day after his death we shall all emigrate。' 〃

… 〃 Every one; from the sailor to the worker; says to himself; 'All

this is very well; but will it last? 。 。 。… This work we undertake;

this capital we risk; this house we build; these trees we plant; what

will become of them if he dies?〃



'91' Ibid。; 340。 (Words of the First Consul; November 4; 1800。) 〃Who

is the rich man to…day? The buyer of national domains; the contractor。

the robber。〃 …These details; above; are provided for me by family

narrations and souvenirs。



'92' Napoleon; 〃Correspondance;〃 letter of September 5; 1795。

〃National and émigré property is not dear; patrimonies are priceless。〃

… Archives nationales; cartons 3144 to 3145; No。1004; missions of the

councillors of state; year IX。 (Report by Lacuée on the seven

departments of the division of the Seine。) 〃The proportion of value;

in Seine; between national and patrimonial properties is from 8 to

15。〃 … In Eure; national property of every kind is sold about 10 %。

off; and patrimonial at about 4 %。 off。 There are two sorts of

national property; one of first origin (that of the clergy); and the

other of second origin (that of the émigrés)。  The latter is much more

depreciated than the former。 Compared with patrimonial property; in

Aisne; the former loses a fifth or a quarter of its value and the

latter a third; in Loiret; the former loses a quarter and the latter

one…half; in Seine…et…Oise the former loses one…third and the latter

three…fifths; in Oise the former is at about par; the latter loses a

quarter。 … Roederer; III。; 472 (December 1803)。  Depreciation of

national property in Normandy: 〃But little is bought above 7 %。 off;

this; however; is the fate of this sort of property throughout

France。〃 … Ibid。; III。; 534 (January 1809): 〃In Normandy; investments

on patrimonial property bring only 3 %。; while State property brings 5

%。 〃 … Moniteur (January 4; 1825)。 Report of M。 de Martignac: 〃The

confiscated property of the emigrés finds its purchasers with

difficulty; and its commercial value is not in proportion to its real

value。〃 … Duclosonge; former inspector of domains; 〃Moyens de porter

les domaines nationaux à la valeur des biens patrimoniaux;〃 p。7。

〃Since 1815; national property has generally been bought at a rate of

income of 3 %。 or; at the most; 4 %。 The difference for this epoch is

accordingly one…fifth; and even two…fifths。〃



'93' Treaty between the Pope and the French government; July '5; 1801。

Ratifications exchanged September 1; 1801; and published with its

articles April 8; 1802。 … Article 13。



'94' Ibid。; article 14。



'95' Articles organiques; 64; 65; 66。



'96' Law of November 30; 1809; and opinion of the Council of State;

May 19; 1811。



'97' Articles organiques; 68。



'98' Articles organiques; 71; 72。 … Concordat; article 12。 … Law

passed July 26; 1803。



'99' Councils of laymen entrusted with the administration of parish

incomes。



'100' Law of December 30; 1809; articles 39; 92 and following

articles; 105 and following articles。



'101' Law of September 15; 1807; title IX。



'102' Concordat; article 15。 … Articles organiques; 73。



'103' Alexis Chevalier; 〃les Frères des écoles chrétiennes et

l'Enseignement primaire après la révolution;〃 passim。 (Act of

Vendémiare 24 and Prairial 28; year XI; and Frimiaire II; year XII;

laws of May 14; 1806; March 7; 1808; February 17; 1809; Dec。 26;

1810。)



'104' Alexis Chevalier; ibid。; 189。



'105' Ibid。; p。185 sequitur。 (Decision of Aug。 8; 1803; of March 25;

of May 30; 1806。)



'106' Decree of June 22; 1804 (articles I and 4)。 … 〃Consultation sur

les decrets du 29 Mars 1880;〃 by Edmond Rousse; p。32。 (Out of 54

communities; there were two of men; the 〃Pères du tiers…ordre de

Saint…Fran?ois〃 and the priests of 〃la Miséricorde;〃 one founded in

1806 and the other in 1808。)



'107' 〃Mémorial de Sainte…Héléne。〃 Napoleon adds〃 that an empire like

France may and must have some refuge for maniacs called Trappists。〃 …

Pelet de la Lozère; p。208。 (Session of the council of state; May 22;

1804。) 〃My intention is to have the house of foreign missions

restored; these monks will be of great use to me in Asia; Africa; and

America。 。 。 。 I will give them a capital of 15;000 francs a year to

begin with。 。 。 。 I shall also re…establish the 'Sisters of Charity;'

I have already had them put in possession of their old buildings。 I

think it necessary also; whatever may be said of it; to re…establish

the 'Ignorantins。' 〃



'108' Roederer; III。; 481。 (Sénatorerie of Caen; Germinal 17; year

XIII。) Constant lamentations of bishops and most of the priests he has

met。 〃A poor curé; an unfortunate curé; 。 。 。  The bishop invites you

to dinner; to partake of the poor cheer of an unfortunate bishop on

12;000 francs salary。〃  … The episcopal palaces are superb; but their

furniture is that of a village curé; one can scarcely find a chair in

the finest room。 … 〃The officiating priests have not yet found a fixed

salary in any commune。 。 。 。 The peasants ardently longed for their

usual mass and Sunday service as in the past; but to pay for this is

another thing。〃



'109' Decrees of May 31 and Dec。 26; 1804; assigning to the Treasury

the salaries of 24;000 and then 30;000 assistant…priests。



'110' Charles Nicolas; 〃le Budget de la France depuis le commencement

du XIXe siecle;〃 appropriation in 1807; 12;341;537 francs。



'111' Decrees of Prairial 2; year XII; Niv?se 5。 year XIII; and Sep。

30; 1807。 … Decree of Dec。 30; 1809 (articles 37; 39; 40; 49 and ch。

IV。)… … Opinion of the council of state; May 19; 1811。



'112' These are limited (articles organiques; 5): 〃All ecclesiastical

functions are gratuitous except the authorized oblations fixed by the

regulations。〃



'113' Articles organiques; 73。



'114' Ibid。; 74: 〃 Real property other than dwellings with their

adjoining gardens; shall not be held under ecclesiastical titles or

possessed by ministers of worship by reason of their functions。〃



'115' Opinion of the Council of State; January 22; 1805; on the

question whether the communes have become owners of the churches and

parsonages abandoned to them by the law of Germinal 18; year X

(articles organiques)。 … The Council of State is of the opinion that

〃the said churches and parsonages must be considered as communal

property。〃 If the State renounces ownership in these buildings it is

not in favor of the fabrique; curé or bishop; but in favor of the

commune。



'116' In 1790 and 1791 a number of communes had made offers for

national property with a view to re…sell it afterwards; and much of

this; remaining unsold; was on their hands。



'117' Articles organiques; 26。 〃The bishops will make no ordination

before submitting the number of persons to the government for its

acceptance。〃



'118' 〃Archives de Grenoble。〃 (Documents communicated by Mdlle。 de

Franclieu。) Letter of the bishop; Monseigneur Claude Simon; to the

Minister of Worship; April 18; 1809。 〃For seven years that I have been

bishop of Grenoble; I have ordained thus far only eight priests;

during this period I have lost at least one hundred and fifty。 The

survivors threaten me with a more rapid gap; either they are infirm;

bent with the weight of years; or wearied or overworked。 It is

therefore urgent that I be authorized to confer sacred orders

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