the origins of contemporary france-5-第24节

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will　be　equally　pernicious　and　they　are　no　less　sure。



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Notes：



＇1＇　See　my　〃Philosophy　of　Art〃　for　texts　and　facts；　Part　II。；　ch。　VI。

…　Other　analogies；　which　are　too　long　for　development　here；　may　be

found；　especially　in　all　that　concerns　the　imagination　and　love。　　　〃He

was　disposed　to　accept　the　marvelous；　presentiments；　and　even　certain

mysterious　communications　between　beings。　。　。　。　I　have　seen　him

excited　by　the　rustling　of　the　wind；　speak　enthusiastically　of　the

roar　of　the　sea；　and　sometimes　inclined　to　believe　in　nocturnal

apparitions；　in　short；　leaning　to　certain　superstitions。〃　（Madame　de

Rémusat；　I。；　102；　and　III。；　164。）　…　Meneval　（III。；　114）　notes　his

〃crossing　himself　involuntarily　on　the　occurrence　of　some　great

danger；　on　the　discovery　of　some　important　fact。〃　During　the

consulate；　in　the　evening；　in　a　circle　of　ladies；　he　sometimes

improvised　and　declaimed　tragic　〃tales；〃　Italian　fashion；　quite　worthy

of　the　story…tellers　of　the　XVth　and　XVIth　centuries。　　（Bourrienne；

VI。；　387；　gives　one　of　his　improvisations。　　Cf。　Madame　de　Rémusat；　I。；

102。）　…　As　to　love；　his　letters　to　Josephine　during　the　Italian

campaign　form　one　of　the　best　examples　of　Italian　passion　and　〃in　most

piquant　contrast　with　the　temperate　and　graceful　elegance　of　his

predecessor　M。　de　Beauharnais。〃　（Madame　de　Rémusat；　I。；　143）。　…　　His

other　amours；　simply　physical；　are　too　difficult　to　deal　with；　I　have

gathered　some　details　orally　on　this　subject　which　are　almost　from

first　hands　and　perfectly　authentic。　　It　is　sufficient　to　cite　one

text　already　published：　〃According　to　Josephine；　he　had　no　moral

principle　whatever；　did　he　not　seduce　his　sisters　one　after　the　other？

〃　…　　〃I　am　not　a　man　like　other　men；　　he　said　of　himself；　〃and　moral

laws　and　those　of　propriety　do　not　apply　to　me。〃　（Madame　de　Rémusat；

I。；　204；　206。）　…　Note　again　（II。；　350）　his　proposals　to　Corvisart。　…

Such　are　everywhere　the　sentiments；　customs；　and　morality　of　the　great

Italian　personages　of　about　the　year　1500。



＇2＇　De　Pradt；　〃Histoire　de　l'ambassade　dans　le　grand…duché　de

Varsovie；〃　p。96。　〃with　the　Emperor；　desire　springs　out　of　his

imagination；　his　idea　becomes　passion　the　moment　it　comes　into　his

head。〃



＇3＇　Bourrienne；　II。；　298。　…　De　Ségur；　I。；　426。



＇4＇　Bodin；　〃Recherches　sur　l'Anjou；〃　　II。；　325。　…　〃　Souvenirs　d'un

nonagénaire；〃　by　Besnard。　…　Sainte…Beuve；　〃Causeries　du　Lundi；〃

article　on　Volney。　…　Miot　de　Melito；　I。；　297。　He　wanted　to　adopt

Louis's　son；　and　make　him　King　of　Italy。　Louis　refused；　alleging　that

this　marked　favor　would　give　new　life　to　the　reports　spread　about　at

one　time　in　relation　to　this　child。〃　Thereupon；　Napoleon；　exasperated；

〃seized　Prince　Louis　by　the　waist　and　pushed　him　violently　out　of　the

room。〃　…　〃　Mémorial；〃　Oct。10；　1816。　　Napoleon　relates　that　at　the　last

conference　of　Campo…Fermio；　to　put　an　end　to　the　resistance　of　the

Austrian　plenipotentiary；　he　suddenly　arose；　seized　a　set　of　porcelain

on　a　stand　near　him　and　dashed　it　to　the　floor；　exclaiming；　〃Thus　will

I　shatter　your　monarchy　before　a　month　is　over！〃　（Bourrienne　questions

this　story。）



＇5＇　Varnhagen　von　Ense；　〃Ausgewahlte　Schriften；〃　III。；　77　（Public

reception　of　July　22；　1810）。　　Napoleon　first　speaks　to　the　Austrian

Ambassador　and　next　to　the　Russian　Ambassador　with　a　constrained　air；

forcing　himself　to　be　polite；　in　which　he　cannot　persist。　　〃Treating

with　I　do　not　know　what　unknown　personage；　he　interrogated　him；

reprimanded　him；　threatened　him；　and　kept　him　for　a　sufficiently　long

time　in　a　state　of　painful　dismay。　　Those　who　stood　near　by　and　who

could　not　help　feeling　a　dismayed；　stated　later　that　there　had　been

nothing　to　provoke　such　fury；　that　the　Emperor　had　only　sought　an

opportunity　to　vent　his　ill…humor；　that　he　did　it　purposely　on　some

poor　devil　so　as　to　inspire　fear　in　others　and　to　put　down　in　advance

any　tendency　to　opposition。　　　Cf。　Beugnot；　〃Mémoires；〃　I。；　380；　386；

387。　…　This　mixture　of　anger　and　calculation　likewise　explains　his

conduct　at　Sainte　Helena　with　Sir　Hudson　Lowe；　his　unbridled　diatribes

and　insults　bestowed　on　the　governor　like　so　many　slaps　in　the　face。

（W。　Forsyth；　〃History　of　the　Captivity　of　Napoleon　at　Saint　Helena；

from　the　letters　and　journals　of　Sir　Hudson　Lowe；〃　III。；　306。）



＇6＇　Madame　de　Rémusat；　II。；　46。



＇7＇　〃Les　Cahiers　de　Coignat。〃　191。　　〃At　Posen；　already；　I　saw　him

mount　his　horse　in　such　a　fury　as　to　land　on　the　other　side　and　then

give　his　groom　a　cut　of　the　whip。〃



＇8＇　Madame　de　Rémusat；　I。；　222。



＇9＇　Especially　the　letters　addressed　to　Cardinal　Consalvi　and　to　the

Préfet　of　Montenotte　（I　am　indebted　to　M。　d'Haussonville　for　this

information）。　…　Besides；　he　is　lavish　of　the　same　expressions　in

conversation。　On　a　tour　through　Normandy；　he　sends　for　the　bishop　of

Séez　and　thus　publicly　addresses　him：　〃Instead　of　merging　the　parties；

you　distinguish　between　constitutionalists　and　non…constitutionalists。

Miserable　fool！　You　are　a　poor　subject；　…　hand　in　your　resignation　at

once！〃　…　To　the　grand…vicars　he　says；　〃Which　of　you　governs　your

bishop　…　who　is　at　best　a　fool？　〃　…　As　M。　Legallois　is　pointed　out　to

him；　who　had　of　late　been　absent。　　〃Fuck；　where　were　you　then？〃　〃With

my　family。〃　〃With　a　bishop　who　is　merely　a　damned　fool；　why　are　you　so

often　away；　etc。？〃　（D'Haussonville；VI。；　176；　and　Roederer；　vol。　III。）



＇10＇　Madame　de　Rémusat　…　　I。；　101；　II。；　338。



＇11＇　Ibid。；　I。；　224。　…　M。　de　Meneval；　I。；　112；　347；　III。；　120：　〃　On

account　of　the　extraordinary　event　of　his　marriage；　he　sent　a

handwritten　letter　to　his　future　father…in…law　（the　Emperor　of

Austria）。　　It　was　a　grand　affair　for　him。　Finally；　after　a　great

effort；　he　succeeded　in　penning　a　letter　that　was　readable。〃　…

Meneval；　nevertheless；　was　obliged　〃to　correct　the　defective　letters

without　letting　the　corrections　be　too　plainly　seen。〃



＇12＇　For　example；　at　Bayonne　and　at　Warsaw　（De　Pradt）；　the　outrageous

and　never…to…be　forgotten　scene　which；　on　his　return　from　Spain；

occurred　with　Talleyrand　…　（〃Souvenirs〃；　by　PASQUIER　Etienne…Dennis；

duc；　Chancelier　de　France。　　Librarie　Plon；　　Paris　1893。　I。；　357）；　…

The　gratuitous　insult　of　M。　de　Metternich；　in　1813；　the　last　word　of

their　interview　（〃Souvenirs　du　feu　duc　de　Broglie；〃　I。；　230）　。　…　Cf。

his　not　less　gratuitous　and　hazardous　confidential　communications　to

Miot　de　Melito；　in　1797；　and　his　five　conversations　with　Sir　Hudson

Lowe；　immediately　recorded　by　a　witness；　Major　Gorrequer。　（W。　Forsyth；

I。；147；　161；　200。）



＇13＇　De　Pradt；　preface　X



＇14＇　Pelet　de　la　Lozére；　p。　7。　…　Mollien；　〃Mémoires；〃　II。；　222。　…

〃Souvenirs　du　feu　duc　de　Broglie；〃　I。；　66；　69。



＇15＇　〃Madame　de　Rémusat；〃　I。；　121：　I　have　it　from　Corvisart　that　the

pulsations　of　his　arteries　are　fewer　than　is　usual　with　men。　　He　never

experienced　what　is　commonly　called　giddiness。〃　With　him；　the　nervous

apparatus　is　perfect　in　all　its　functions；　incomparable　for　receiving；

recording；　registering；　combining；　and　reflecting；　but　other　organs

suffer　a　reaction　and　are　very　sensitive。〃　（De　Ségur；　VI。；　15　and　16；

note　of　Drs。　Yvan　and　Mestivier；　his　physicians。）　〃To　preserve　the

equilibrium　it　was　necessary　with　him　that　the　skin　should　always

fulfill　its　functions；　as　soon　as　the　tissues　were　affected　by　any

moral　or　atmospheric　cause　。　。　。　。　irritation；　cough；　ischuria。〃　Hence

his　need　of　frequent　prolonged　and　very　hot　baths。　　〃The　spasm　was

generally　shared　by　the　stomach　and　the　bladder。　　If　in　the　stomach；

he　had　a　nervous　cough　which　exhausted　his　moral　and　physical

energies。〃　Such　was　the　case　between　the　eve　of　the　battle　of　Moscow

and　the　morning　after　his　entry　into　Moscow：　〃a　constant　dry　cough；

difficult　and　intermittent　breathing；　the　pulse　sluggish；　weak；　and

irregular；　the　urine　thick　and　sedimentary；　drop　by　drop　and　painful；

the　lower　part　of　the　legs　and　the　feet　extremely　oedematous。〃

Already；　in　1806；　at　Warsaw；　〃after　violent　convulsions　in　the

stomach；〃　he　declared　to　the　Count　de　Loban；　〃that　he　bore　within　him

the　germs　of　a　premature　death；　and　that　he　would　die　of　the　same

disease　as　his　father's。〃　（De　Ségur；VI。；　82。）　After　the　victory　of

Dresden；　having　eaten　a　ragout　containing　garlic；　he　is　seized　with

such　violent　gripings　as　to　make　him　think　he　was　poisoned；　and　he

makes　a　retrograde　movement；　which　causes　the　loss　of　Vandamme's

division；　and；　consequently；　the　ruin　of　1813。　　〃Souvenirs〃；　by

Pasquier；　Etienne…Dennis；　duc；　chancelier　de　France。　　Librarie　Plon；

Paris　1893；　（narrative　of　Daru；　an　eye…witness。）　…　This　susceptibility

of　the　nerves　and　stomach　is　hereditary　with　him　and　shows　itself　in

early　youth。　　〃One　day；　at　Brienne；　obliged　to　drop　on　his　knees；　as　a

punishment；　on　the　sill　of　the　refectory；　he　is　seized　with　sudden

vomiting　and　a　violent　nervous　attack。〃　　De　Segur；　I。；　71。　…　It　is

well　known　tha