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Conference that the various de facto governments of Russia should meet 

on    an   island   in  the   Bosphorus      to   discuss    matters�察   �an  armistice     being 

arranged       meanwhile。        No     direct    invitation    was    sent    to  the    Soviet 

Government。         After attempting to obtain particulars through the editor of 

a French socialist paper�察�Chicherin on February 4th sent a long note to the 

Allies。     The note was not at first considered with great favour in Russia�察�

although      it  was   approved      by   the   opposition     parties    on   the  right�察  �the 

Mensheviks even going so far as to say that in sending such a note�察 �the 

Bolsheviks were acting in the interest of the whole of the Russian people。 

The     opposition     on   the   left  complained       that   it  was   a  betrayal    of   the 

revolution into the hands of the Entente�察�and there were many Bolsheviks 

who   said   openly   that   they   thought   it   went   a   little   too   far   in   the   way   of 

concession。       On February 10th�察�the Executive Committee met to consider 

the international position。 

        Before proceeding   to   an   account   of   that   meeting�察  �it   will   be   well   to 

make a short summary of the note in question。 Chicherin�察�after referring to 

the fact that no invitation had been addressed to them and that the absence 

of a reply from them was being treated as the rejection of a proposal they 

had   never   received�察  �said   that   in   spite   of   its   more   and   more   favourable 

position�察    �the   Russian      Soviet    Government        considered       a  cessation     of 

hostilities so desirable that it was ready immediately to begin negotiations�察�

and�察�as it had more than once declared�察�to secure agreement ;even at the 

cost   of   serious   concessions   in   so   far   as   these   should   not   threaten   the 

development of the Republic。; ;Taking into consideration that the enemies 

against     whom      it  has   to   struggle    borrow     their   strength     of  resistance 

exclusively from the help shown them by the powers of the Entente�察�and 

that   therefore   these   powers   are   the   only   actual   enemy   of   the   Russian 

Soviet Government�察 �the latter   addresses itself precisely  to the powers   of 

the Entente�察�setting out the points on which it considers such concessions 

possible   with   a   view   to   the   ending   of   every   kind   of   conflict   with   the 

aforesaid      powers。;     There     follows    a   list  of  the   concessions       they   are 

prepared   to   make。       The   first   of   these   is   recognition   of   their   debts�察  �the 


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interest on which�察 �in view of Russia's difficult financial position and her 

unsatisfactory credit�察─�they propose to guarantee in raw materials。                     Then�察�

;in   view   of   the   interest   continually   expressed   by   foreign   capital   in   the 

question   of the  exploitation   for  its   advantage of   the natural   resources of 

Russia�察�the Soviet Government is ready to give to subjects of the powers 

of   the   Entente   mineral�察  �timber   and   other   concessions�察  �to   be   defined   in 

detail�察�on condition that the economic and social structure of Soviet Russia 

shall not be touched   by the internal arrangements of these   concessions。; 

The     last  point   is  that  which     roused    most    opposition。     It   expresses     a 

willingness to negotiate even concerning such annexations�察�hidden or open�察�

as the Allies may have in mind。             The words used are ;The Russian Soviet 

Government has not the intention of excluding at all costs consideration of 

the   question   of   annexations�察  �etc。   。   。   。;   Then�察   �by   annexations   must   be 

understood the retention on this or that part of the territory of what was the 

Russian Empire�察�not including Poland and Finland�察�of armed forces of the 

Entente   or   of   such   forces   as   are   maintained   by   the   governments   of   the 

Entente     or   enjoy    their  financial�察   �military�察  �technical    or   other   support。; 

There follows a statement that the extent of the concessions will depend 

on the military  position。         Chicherin proceeds to give a rather   optimistic 

account of the external and internal situation。               Finally he touches on the 

question      of   propaganda。        ;The      Russian     Soviet    Government�察       �while 

pointing   out   that   it   cannot   limit   the   freedom   of   the   revolutionary   press�察�

declares     its  readiness�察   �in   case   of  necessity     to  include    in  the   general 

agreement with the powers of the Entente the obligation not to interfere in 

their   internal   affairs。;   The   note   ends   thus�此   �On   the   foregoing   bases   the 

Russian   Soviet   Government   is   ready   immediately   to   begin   negotiations 

either   on   Prinkipo   island   or   in   any   other   place   whatsoever   with   all   the 

powers of the Entente together or with separate powers of their number�察�

or   with   any   Russian   political   groupings   whatsoever�察          �according   to   the 

wishes of the powers of the Entente。 The Russian Soviet Government begs 

the   powers   of   the   Entente   immediately   to   inform   it   whither   to   send   its 

representatives�察�and precisely when and by what route。;                      This note was 

dated February 4th�察�and was sent out by wireless。 


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     〃From   the   moment   when   the   note   appeared   in   the   newspapers   of 

February 5th�察�it had been the main subject of conversation。                        Every point 

in   it  was    criticized   and    counter´criticized�察      �but   even   its  critics�察  �though 

anxious to preserve their criticism as a basis for political action afterwards�察�

were   desperately   anxious   that   it   should   meet   with   a   reply。         No   one   in 

Moscow at that time could have the slightest misgiving about the warlike 

tendencies of the revolution。             The overwhelming mass of the people and 

of    the   revolutionary      leaders    want     peace�察   �and   only    continued      warfare 

forced upon them could turn their desire for peace into desperate�察�resentful 

aggression。       Everywhere  I   heard   the   same   story�此   �We   cannot   get   things 

straight while we have to fight all the time。; They would not admit it�察�I am 

sure�察  �but   few   of   the   Soviet   leaders   who   have   now   for   eighteen   months 

been wrestling with the difficulties of European Russia have not acquired�察�

as   it   were   in   spite   of   themselves�察  �a   national�察  �domestic   point   of   view。 

They are thinking less about world revolution than about getting bread to 

Moscow�察  �or   increasing   the   output   of   textiles�察  �or   building   river   power´ 

stations to free the northern industrial district from its dependence on the 

distant     coal´fields。      I    was    consequently        anxious     to   hear    what     the 

Executive   Committee   would   have   to   say�察  �knowing   that   there   I   should 

listen   to   some   expression   of   the   theoretical   standpoint   from   which   my 

hard´working friends had been drawn away by interests nearer home。 

        The Executive  Committee met   as usual in   the big hall of   the  Hotel 

Metropole�察  �and   it   met   as   usual   very   late。      The   sitting   was   to   begin   at 

seven�察  �and�察  �foolishly   thinking   that   Russians   might   have   changed   their 

nature   in   the   last   six   months�察  �I   was   punctual   and   found   the   hall   nearly 

empty�察�because a party meeting of the Communists in the room next door 

was   not   finished。       The   hall   looked   just   as   it   used   to   look�察  �with   a   red 

banner over the presidium and another at the opposite end�察�both inscribed 

;The All Russian Executive Committee�察─ �Proletariat of all lands�察�unite�察─�

and so on。       As the room gradually filled�察�I met many acquaintances。 

        Old   Professor   Pokrovsky   came   in�察  �blinking   through   his   spectacles�察�

bent   a   little�察  �in   a   very   old   coat�察  �with   a   small   black   fur   hat�察  �his   hands 

clasped together�察�just as�察�so I have been told�察�he walked unhappily to and 

fro in the fortress at Brest during the second period of the negotiations。                        I 


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did    not   think   he   would     recognize     me�察  �but   he   came    up   at  once�察  �and 

reminded   me   of   the   packing   of   the   archives   at   the   time   when   it   seemed 

likely that the Germans would take Petrograd。                   He told 

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