russia in 1919(1919議躯忽)-及16准
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
Arzamas to Shikhran。 Twelve hundred versts of highroad are under
construction。 And to meet the immediate needs of the army we have
already repaired or made 8��000 versts of roads of various kinds。 As a
matter of fact the internal railway net of Russia is by no means as bad as
people make out。 By its means�察�hampered as we are�察�we have been able
to beat the counter´revolutionaries�察 �concentrating our best troops�察 �now
here�察�now there�察�wherever need may be。 Remember that the whole way
round our enormous frontiers we are being forced to fight groups of
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reactionaries supported at first mostly by the Germans�察 �now mostly by
yourselves�察�by the Roumanians�察�by the Poles�察�and in some districts by the
Germans still。 Troops fighting on the Ural front are fighting a month
later south of Voronezh�察 �and a month later again are having a holiday�察�
marching on the heels of the Germans as they evacuate the occupied
provinces。 Some of our troops are not yet much good。 One day they
fight�察�and the next they think they would rather not。 So that our best troops�察�
those in which there are most workmen�察�have to be flung in all directions。
We are at work all the time enabling this to be done�察 �and making new
roads to enable it to be done still better。 But what waste�察�when there are
so many other things we want to do� �
;All the time the needs of war are pressing on us。 To´day is the first
day for two months that we have been able to warm this building。 We
have been working here in overcoats and fur hats in a temperature below
freezing point。 Why�拭 �Wood was already on its way to us�察�when we had
suddenly to throw troops northwards。 Our wood had to be flung out of
the wagons�察�and the Red Army put in its place�察�and the wagons sent north
again。 The thing had to be done�察�and we have had to work as best we
could in the cold。 Many of my assistants have fallen ill。 Two only
yesterday had to be taken home in a condition something like that of a fit�察�
the result of prolonged sedentary work in unheated rooms。 I have lost the
use of my right hand for the same reason。; He stretched out his right hand�察�
which he had been keeping in the pocket of his coat。 It was an ugly sight�察�
with swollen�察�immovable fingers�察�like the roots of a vegetable。
At this moment some one came in to speak to Pavlovitch。 He stood at
the table a little behind me�察 �so that I did not see him�察 �but Pavlovitch�察�
noticing that he looked curiously at me�察�said�察 �Are you acquaintances�拭─ �I
looked round and saw Sukhanov�察 �Gorky's friend�察 �formerly one of the
cleverest writers on the Novaya Jizn。 I jumped up and shook hands with
him。
;What�察�have you gone over to the Bolsheviks�拭─�I asked。
;Not at all�察─�said Sukhanov�察�smiling�察 �but I am working here。;
;Sukhanov thinks that we do less harm than anybody else�察─ �said
Pavlovitch�察�and laughed。 ;Go and talk to him and he'll tell you all there
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is to be said against us。 And there's lots to say。;
Sukhanov was an extremely bitter enemy of the Bolsheviks�察�and was
very angry with me when�察�over a year ago�察�I told him I was convinced that
sooner or later he would be working with them。 I told Pavlovitch the
story�察 �and he laughed again。 ;A long time ago�察─ �he said�察 �Sukhanov
made overtures to me through Miliutin。 I agreed�察 �and everything was
settled�察�but when a note appeared in Pravda to say that he was going to
work in this Committee�察�he grew shy�察�and wrote a contradiction。 Miliutin
was very angry and asked me to publish the truth。 I refused�察�but wrote on
that day in my diary�察 �Sukhanov will come。 Three months later he was
already working with us。 One day he told me that in the big diary of the
revolution which he is writing�察 �and will write very well�察 �he had some
special abuse for me。 'I have none for you��' I said�察�'but I will show you
one page of my own diary��' and I showed him that page�察�and asked him to
look at the date。 Sukhanov is an honest fellow�察�and was bound to come。;
He went on with his talk。
;You know�察�hampered as we are by lack of everything�察�we could not
put up the fight we are putting up against the reactionaries if it were not
for the real revolutionary spirit of the people as a whole。 The
reactionaries have money�察 �munitions�察 �supplies of all kinds�察 �instructors�察�
from outside。 We have nothing�察�and yet we beat them。 Do you know that
the English have given them tanks�拭 �Have you heard that in one place
they used gases or something of the kind�察�and blinded eight hundred men�拭�
And yet we win。 Why�拭�Because from every town we capture we get new
strength。 And any town they take is a source of weakness to them�察 �one
more town to garrison and hold against the wishes of the population。;
;And if you do get peace�察�what then� ─�
;We want from abroad all that we cannot make ourselves。 We want a
hundred thousand versts of rails。 Now we have to take up rails in one
place to lay them in another。 We want new railways built。 We want
dredgers for our canals and river works。 We want excavators。;
;And how do you expect people to sell you these things when your
foreign credit is not worth a farthing�拭─�
;We shall pay in concessions�察�giving foreigners the right to take raw
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materials。 Timber�察 �actual timber�察 �is as good as credit。 We have huge
areas of forest in the north�察 �and every country in Europe needs timber。
Let that be our currency for foreign purchases。 We are prepared to say�察�
'You build this�察�or give us that�察�and we will give you the right to take so
much timber for yourselves。' And so on。 And concessions of other kinds
also。 As a matter of fact negotiations are now proceeding with a foreign
firm for the building of a railway from the Obi to Kotlas。;
;But part of that district is not in your hands。
;If we get peace we shall be able to arrange that without difficulty。;
Just as I was going he stopped me�察 �and evidently not in the least
realizing that English people generally have come to think of him and his
friends as of some strange sort of devils�察 �if not with horns and tails�察�
certainly far removed from human beings�察�he asked�此�
;If we do get peace�察 �don't you think there will be engineers and
skilled labourers in England who will volunteer to come out to Russia and
help us�拭 �There is so much to do that I can promise they will have the
best we can give them。 We are almost as short of skilled men as we are
of locomotives。 We are now taking simple unskilled workmen who show
any signs of brains and training them as we go along。 There must be
engineers�察�railwaymen�察�mechanics among English socialists who would be
glad to come。 And of course they need not be socialists�察�so long as they
are good engineers。;
That last suggestion of his is entirely characteristic。 It is impossible
to make the Bolsheviks realize that the English people feel any hostility
towards them。 Nor do they feel hostility towards the English as such。
On my way back to the hotel I met a party of English soldiers�察 �taken
prisoners on the northern front�察 �walking free�察 �without a convoy�察 �through
the streets。
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THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
AND THE TERROR
February 17th。
My general impression that the Soviet revolution has passed through
its period of internal struggle and is concentrating upon constructive work
so far as that is allowed by war on all its frontiers�察�and that the population
is settling d