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and   cut   themselves   after   their   manner   with   knives   and   lancets�察  �till   the 

blood gushed out upon them。 And it came to pass�察�when midday was past�察�

and they prophesied until the time of the offering of the evening sacrifice�察�

that there was neither voice�察�nor any to answer�察�nor any that regarded。 And 

Elijah   said   unto   all   the   people�察  �Come   near   unto   me。 And   all   the   people 

came near unto him。 And he repaired the altar of the Lord that was broken 

down。 And Elijah took twelve stones�察�according to the number of the tribes 

of the sons of Jacob�察�unto whom the word of the Lord came�察�saying�察�Israel 

shall be thy name。 And with the stones he built an altar in the name of the 

Lord�察�and he made a trench about the altar�察�as great as would contain two 

measures   of   seed。 And he   put   the   wood in order�察 �and cut the bullock   in 

pieces�察�and laid him on the wood�察�and said�察�Fill four barrels with water�察�

and pour it on the burnt sacrifice�察�and on the wood。 And he said�察�Do it the 

second time。 And they did it the second time。 And he said�察�Do it the third 

time。 And   they  did   it   the   third   time。 And   the   water   ran   round   about   the 

altar�察�and he filled the trench also with water。 And it came to pass at the 

time of the offering of the evening sacrifice�察�that Elijah the prophet came 

near�察�and said�察�Lord God of Abraham�察�Isaac�察�and of Israel�察�let it be known 

this day that thou art God in Israel�察�and that I am thy servant�察�and that I 

have done all these things at thy word。 Hear me�察�O Lord�察�hear me�察�that this 

people   may  know   that   thou   art   the   Lord   God�察  �and   that   thou   hast   turned 

their heart   back   again。 Then the   fire of the   Lord   fell�察  �and   consumed   the 

burnt sacrifice�察�and the wood�察�and the stones�察�and the dust�察�and licked up 

the water that was in the trench。 And when all the people saw it�察�they fell 

on their faces�此�and they said�察�The Lord�察�he is the God�察�the Lord�察�he is the 

God。; 

       That is not simply a dramatic event�察�that is a striking telling of it。 It is 

more   than   a    narrative。   In   narrative    literature   the   scene   is   accepted   as 

already   constructed。   In   dramatic   literature   such   appeal   is   made   to        the 

imagination that the reader reconstructs the scene for himself。 We are not 

told in this how Elijah felt�察�or how he acted�察�nor how the people as a whole 

looked�察�nor the setting of the scene�察�but if one reads it with care it makes 

its own setting。 The scene constructs itself。 

     The   dramatic   style   does   not   prevail   at   most   important   points   of   the 



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Scripture�察  �because   it   is   a   fictitious   style   for   the   presenting   of   truth。   It 

inevitably suggests superficiality。 Things actually do not happen in life as 

they do in drama。 

     One of our latest biographers says that a scientific historian is always 

suspicious   of   dramatic   events。��1�А  �They   may   be   true�察  �but   they   are   more 

liable to be afterthoughts�察�like the bright answers we could have made to 

our opponents if we had only thought of them at the time。 You never lose 

the sense of unreality in the very construction of a drama。 Life cannot be 

crowded   into   two   or   three   hours�察  �and   justice   does   not   come   out   as   the 

drama   makes   it   do。   So   that   at   most   important   points   of   the   Scripture 

dramatic writing does not appear。 The account of the carrying away into 

captivity of the children of Israel is at no point dramatic�察�though you can 

see    instantly    what    a  great    opportunity     there    was    for  it。  It  is  simply 

narrative。 It is noticeable that none of the accounts of the crucifixion is at 

all   dramatic。   They   are     all   simply   narrative。   The     imagination   does       not 

immediately conjure up the scene。 There may be two reasons for that。 One 

is   that   there   are   involved     several    hours    in  which     there   is  no   action 

recorded。 The other is that by the time the accounts were written the actual 

events   were   submerged   in   importance   by   their   unworded   meaning。   The 

account of the conversion of Paul�察�on the other hand�察�brief as it is�察�has at 

least minor dramatic elements in it。 On the whole�察�the Old Testament is far 

more dramatic than the New。 

       ��1�А�McGiffert�察�Life of Martin Luther。 

       There is even less of the oratorical element in the Scripture。 There is�察�

to be sure�察�a considerable amount of quotation�察�and men do speak at some 

length�察�but seldom oratorically。 The prophetical writings are generally too 

fragmentary to suggest oratory�察�and the quotations in the New Testament�察�

especially from the preaching of our Lord�察�are evidently for the most part 

excerpts      from   longer    addresses     than    are  given。    There    are   few    of  the 

statements       of  Paul�察   �as  in  the   26th    chapter    of   Acts�察  �which     could    be 

delivered oratorically�察�but here again the Old Testament is more marked 

than   the   New。 The   earliest   specimen   of   oratory  is   also   one   of   the   finest 

specimens。   It   is   in   the   44th   chapter   of   Genesis�察  �and   is   the   account   of 

Judah's reply to his unrecognized brother Joseph�此�



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       ;Then Judah came near unto him�察�and said�察�O my lord�察�let thy servant�察�

I pray thee�察�speak a word in my lord's ears�察�and let not thine anger burn 

against   thy   servant�此  �for   thou   art    even   as   Pharoah。   My   lord   asked      his 

servants�察�saying�察�Have ye a father�察�or a brother�拭�And we said unto my lord�察�

We have a father�察�an old man�察�and a child of his old age�察�a little one�察�and 

his brother is dead�察�and he alone is left of his mother�察�and his father loveth 

him。 And thou saidst unto thy servants�察�Bring him down unto me�察�that I 

may set mine eyes upon him。 And we said unto my lord�察�The lad cannot 

leave his father�此�for if he should leave his father�察�his father would die。 And 

thou   saidst   unto   thy   servant�察  �Except   your   youngest   brother   come   down 

with   you�察  �ye   shall   see   my   face   no   more。 And   it   came   to   pass   when   we 

came up unto thy servant   my father�察�we told him  the words of my  lord。 

And our father said�察�Go again and buy us a little food。 And we said�察�We 

cannot go down�察�if our youngest brother be with us�察�then we will go down�此�

for we may not see the man's face�察�except our youngest brother be with us。 

And thy servant   my father said unto us�察�Ye know  that my  wife bare   me 

two sons�此�and the one went out from me�察�and I said�察�Surely he is torn in 

pieces�察  �and   I   saw   him   not   since�此  �and   if   ye   take   this   also   from   me�察  �and 

mischief befall him�察�ye shall bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to the 

grave。 Now therefore when I come to thy servant my father�察�and the lad be 

not with us�察�seeing that his life is bound up in the lad's life�察�it shall come to 

pass�察�when he seeth that the lad is not with us�察�that he will die�此�and thy 

servants   shall   bring   down   the   gray   hairs   of   thy   servant   our   father   with 

sorrow   to   the   grave。   For   thy  servant   became   surety  for   the   lad   unto   my 

father�察�saying�察�If I bring him not unto thee�察�then I shall bear the blame to 

my father for ever。 Now therefore�察�I pray thee�察�let thy servant abide instead 

of the lad a bondman to my lord�察�and let the lad go up with his brethren。 

For   how   shall   I   go   up   to   my   father�察  �and   the   lad   be   not   with   me�拭  �lest 

peradventure I see the evil that shall come on my father。; 

       That    is   pure   oratory�察   �and    it  is  greatly    helped     by   the   English 

expression of it。 Here our King James version is finer than either of the 

other later versions�察�as indeed it is in almost all these sections where the 

phraseology is important for the ear。 

     We need not go farther。 Part of these outstanding characteristics come 



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to our version from the original�察�and might appear in any version of the 

Bible。   Yet   nowhere   do   even   these   original   characteristics   come   to   such 

prominence as in the King James translation�察�and it adds to them those that 

are peculiar to itself。 



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