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kle from the brow of care�察�or beguile the heavy heart of one moment of sorrow�察�if I can now and then penetrate through the gathering film of misanthropy�察�prompt a benevolent view of human nature�察�and make my reader more in good humour with his fellow beings and himself�察�surely�察�surely�察�I shall not then have written entirely in vain。
THE END。
Notes
NOTE A。
The misletoe is still hung up in farmhouses and kitchens at Christmas�察�and the young men have the privilege of kissing the girls under it�察�plucking each time a berry from the bush。 When the berries are all plucked�察�the privilege ceases。
NOTE B。
The Yule´clog is a great log of wood�察�sometimes the root of a tree�察�brought into the house with great ceremony�察�on Christmas eve�察�laid in the fireplace�察�and lighted with the brand of last year's clog。 While it lasted there was great drinking�察�singing�察�and telling of tales。 Sometimes it was accompanied by Christmas candles�察�but in the cottages the only light was from the ruddy blaze of the great wood fire。 The Yule´clog was to burn all night�察�if it went out�察�it was considered a sign of ill luck。
Herrick mentions it in one of his songs��
;Come�察�bring with a noise My merrie�察�merrie boyes�察 �The Christmas log to the firing�此 �While my good dame�察�she Bids ye all be free�察 �And drink to your hearts' desiring。;
The Yule´clog is still burnt in many farmhouses and kitchens in England�察�particularly in the north�察�and there are several superstitions connected with it among the peasantry。 If a squinting person come to the house while it is burning�察�or a person barefooted�察�it is considered an ill omen。 The brand remaining from the Yule´clog is carefully put away to light the next year's Christmas fire。
NOTE C。
From the Flying Eagle�察�a small gazette�察�published December 24�察�1652�此 �The House spent much time this day about the business of the Navy�察�for settling the affairs at sea�察�and before they rose�察�were presented with a terrible remonstrance against Christmas day�察�grounded upon divine Scriptures�察�2 Cor。 v。 16�察�1 Cor。 xv。 14�察�17�察�and in honour of the Lord's Day�察�grounded upon these Scriptures�察�John xx。 I�察�Rev。 i。 10�察�Psalm cxviii。 24�察�Lev。 xxiii。 7�察�11�察�Mark xvi。 8�察�Psalm lxxxiv。 10�察�in which Christmas is called Anti´ Christ's masse�察�and those Mass´mongers and Papists who observe it�察�etc。 In consequence of which Parliament spent some time in consultation about the abolition of Christmas day�察�passed orders to that effect�察�and resolved to sit on the following day�察�which was commonly called Christmas day。;
NOTE D。
An English gentleman at the opening of the great day�察�i。 e。 on Christmas day in the morning�察�had all his tenants and neighbours enter his hall by daybreak。 The strong beer was broached�察�and the black jacks went plentifully about with toast�察�sugar�察�nutmeg�察�and good Cheshire cheese。 The hackin ��the great sausage�� must be boiled by daybreak�察�or else two young men must take the maiden ��i。e。 the cook�� by the arms and run her round the market´place till she is shamed of her laziness。Round about our Sea´coal Fire。
NOTE E。
The old ceremony of serving up the boar's head on Christmas day is still observed in the hall of Queen's College�察�Oxford。 I was favoured by the parson with a copy of the carol as now sung�察�and as it may be acceptable to such of my readers as are curious in these grave and learned matters�察�I give it entire。
;The boar's head in hand bear I�察 �Bedeck'd with bays and rosemary�察 �And I pray you�察�my masters�察�be merry�察 �Quot estia in convivio。 Caput apri defero Reddens laudes Domino。
;The boar's head�察�as I understand�察 �Is the rarest dish in all this land�察 �Which thus bedeck'd with a gay garland Let us servire cantico。 Caput apri defero�察�etc。
;Our Steward hath provided this In honour of the King of Bliss�察 �Which on this day to be served is In Reginensi Atrio。 Caput apri defero�察─ �Etc。�察�etc。�察�etc。
NOTE F。
The peacock was anciently in great demand for stately entertainments。 Sometimes it was made into a pie�察�at one end of which the head appeared above the crust in all its plumage�察�with the beak richly gilt�察�at the other end the tail was displayed。 Such pies were served up at the solemn banquets of chivalry�察�when knights´errant pledged themselves to undertake any perilous enterprise�察�whence came the ancient oath�察�used by Justice Shallow�察 �by cock and pie。;
The peacock was also an important dish for the Christmas feast�察�and Massinger�察�in his ;City Madam�察─�gives some idea of the extravagance with which this�察�as well as other dishes�察�was prepared for the gorgeous revels of the olden times��
;Men may talk of country Christmasses�察�Their thirty pound butter'd eggs�察�their pies of carps' tongues�此�Their pheasants drench'd with ambergris�察�the carcases of three fat wethers bruised for gravy�察�to make sauce for a single peacock� �
NOTE G。
The Wassail Bowl was sometimes composed of ale instead of wine�察�with nutmeg�察�sugar�察�toast�察�ginger�察�and roasted crabs�察�in this way the nut´brown beverage is still prepared in some old families�察�and round the hearths of substantial farmers at Christmas。 It is also called Lambs' Wool�察�and is celebrated by Herrick in his ;Twelfth Night�此�
;Next crowne the bowle full With gentle Lambs' Wool�察 �Add sugar�察�nutmeg�察�and ginger�察 �With store of ale too�察 �And thus ye must doe To make the Wassaile a swinger。;
NOTE H。
The custom of drinking out of the same cup gave place to each having his cup。 When the steward came to the doore with the Wassel�察�he was to cry three times�察�Wassel�察�Wassel�察�Wassel�察�and then the chappel ��chaplain�� was to answer with a song。Archaeologia。
NOTE I。
At Christmasse there was in the Kings's house�察�wheresoever hee was lodged�察�a lorde of misrule�察�or mayster of merry disportes�察�and the like had ye in the house of every nobleman of honour�察�or good worshippe�察�were he spirituall or temporall。Stow。
NOTE J。
Maskings or mummeries were favourite sports at Christmas in old times�察�and the wardrobes at halls and manor´houses were often laid under contribution to furnish dresses and fantastic disguisings。 I strongly suspect Master Simon to have taken the idea of his from Ben Jonson's ;Masque of Christmas。;
NOTE K。
Sir John Hawkins�察�speaking of the dance called the Pavon�察�from pavo�察�a peacock�察�says�此 �It is a grave and majestic dance�察�the method of dancing it anciently was by gentlemen dressed with caps and swords�察�by those of the long robe in their gowns�察�by the peers in their mantles�察�and by the ladies in gowns with long trains�察�the motion whereof�察�in dancing�察�resembled that of a peacock。;History of Music。
End