the iliad(伊利亚特)-第20节

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even　their　great　champion　Achilles；　son　of　a　goddess　though　he　be；
as　we　do　this　man：　his　rage　is　beyond　all　bounds；　and　there　is　none
can　vie　with　him　in　prowess〃
　　Hector　did　as　his　brother　bade　him。　He　sprang　from　his　chariot；
and　went　about　everywhere　among　the　host；　brandishing　his　spears；
urging　the　men　on　to　fight；　and　raising　the　dread　cry　of　battle。
Thereon　they　rallied　and　again　faced　the　Achaeans；　who　gave　ground　and
ceased　their　murderous　onset；　for　they　deemed　that　some　one　of　the
immortals　had　come　down　from　starry　heaven　to　help　the　Trojans；　so
strangely　had　they　rallied。　And　Hector　shouted　to　the　Trojans；
〃Trojans　and　allies；　be　men；　my　friends；　and　fight　with　might　and
main；　while　I　go　to　Ilius　and　tell　the　old　men　of　our　council　and
our　wives　to　pray　to　the　gods　and　vow　hecatombs　in　their　honour。〃
　　With　this　he　went　his　way；　and　the　black　rim　of　hide　that　went　round
his　shield　beat　against　his　neck　and　his　ancles。
　　Then　Glaucus　son　of　Hippolochus；　and　the　son　of　Tydeus　went　into　the
open　space　between　the　hosts　to　fight　in　single　combat。　When　they　were
close　up　to　one　another　Diomed　of　the　loud　war…cry　was　the　first　to
speak。　〃Who；　my　good　sir；〃　said　he；　〃who　are　you　among　men？　I　have
never　seen　you　in　battle　until　now；　but　you　are　daring　beyond　all
others　if　you　abide　my　onset。　Woe　to　those　fathers　whose　sons　face
my　might。　If；　however；　you　are　one　of　the　immortals　and　have　come　down
from　heaven；　I　will　not　fight　you；　for　even　valiant　Lycurgus；　son　of
Dryas；　did　not　live　long　when　he　took　to　fighting　with　the　gods。　He　it
was　that　drove　the　nursing　women　who　were　in　charge　of　frenzied
Bacchus　through　the　land　of　Nysa；　and　they　flung　their　thyrsi　on　the
ground　as　murderous　Lycurgus　beat　them　with　his　oxgoad。　Bacchus
himself　plunged　terror…stricken　into　the　sea；　and　Thetis　took　him　to
her　bosom　to　comfort　him；　for　he　was　scared　by　the　fury　with　which　the
man　reviled　him。　Thereon　the　gods　who　live　at　ease　were　angry　with
Lycurgus　and　the　son　of　Saturn　struck　him　blind；　nor　did　he　live
much　longer　after　he　had　become　hateful　to　the　immortals。　Therefore
I　will　not　fight　with　the　blessed　gods；　but　if　you　are　of　them　that
eat　the　fruit　of　the　ground；　draw　near　and　meet　your　doom。〃
　　And　the　son　of　Hippolochus　answered；　son　of　Tydeus；　why　ask　me　of　my
lineage？　Men　come　and　go　as　leaves　year　by　year　upon　the　trees。
Those　of　autumn　the　wind　sheds　upon　the　ground；　but　when　spring
returns　the　forest　buds　forth　with　fresh　vines。　Even　so　is　it　with　the
generations　of　mankind；　the　new　spring　up　as　the　old　are　passing　away。
If；　then；　you　would　learn　my　descent；　it　is　one　that　is　well　known
to　many。　There　is　a　city　in　the　heart　of　Argos；　pasture　land　of
horses；　called　Ephyra；　where　Sisyphus　lived；　who　was　the　craftiest
of　all　mankind。　He　was　the　son　of　Aeolus；　and　had　a　son　named　Glaucus；
who　was　father　to　Bellerophon；　whom　heaven　endowed　with　the　most
surpassing　comeliness　and　beauty。　But　Proetus　devised　his　ruin；　and
being　stronger　than　he；　drove　him　from　the　land　of　the　Argives；　over
which　Jove　had　made　him　ruler。　For　Antea；　wife　of　Proetus；　lusted
after　him；　and　would　have　had　him　lie　with　her　in　secret；　but
Bellerophon　was　an　honourable　man　and　would　not；　so　she　told　lies
about　him　to　Proteus。　'Proetus；'　said　she；　'kill　Bellerophon　or　die；
for　he　would　have　had　converse　with　me　against　my　will。'　The　king
was　angered；　but　shrank　from　killing　Bellerophon；　so　he　sent　him　to
Lycia　with　lying　letters　of　introduction；　written　on　a　folded
tablet；　and　containing　much　ill　against　the　bearer。　He　bade
Bellerophon　show　these　letters　to　his　father…in…law；　to　the　end　that
he　might　thus　perish；　Bellerophon　therefore　went　to　Lycia；　and　the
gods　convoyed　him　safely。
　　〃When　he　reached　the　river　Xanthus；　which　is　in　Lycia；　the　king
received　him　with　all　goodwill；　feasted　him　nine　days；　and　killed　nine
heifers　in　his　honour；　but　when　rosy…fingered　morning　appeared　upon
the　tenth　day；　he　questioned　him　and　desired　to　see　the　letter　from
his　son…in…law　Proetus。　When　he　had　received　the　wicked　letter　he
first　commanded　Bellerophon　to　kill　that　savage　monster；　the　Chimaera；
who　was　not　a　human　being；　but　a　goddess；　for　she　had　the　head　of　a
lion　and　the　tail　of　a　serpent；　while　her　body　was　that　of　a　goat；　and
she　breathed　forth　flames　of　fire；　but　Bellerophon　slew　her；　for　he
was　guided　by　signs　from　heaven。　He　next　fought　the　far…famed
Solymi；　and　this；　he　said；　was　the　hardest　of　all　his　battles。
Thirdly；　he　killed　the　Amazons；　women　who　were　the　peers　of　men；　and
as　he　was　returning　thence　the　king　devised　yet　another　plan　for　his
destruction；　he　picked　the　bravest　warriors　in　all　Lycia；　and　placed
them　in　ambuscade；　but　not　a　man　ever　came　back；　for　Bellerophon
killed　every　one　of　them。　Then　the　king　knew　that　he　must　be　the
valiant　offspring　of　a　god；　so　he　kept　him　in　Lycia；　gave　him　his
daughter　in　marriage；　and　made　him　of　equal　honour　in　the　kingdom　with
himself；　and　the　Lycians　gave　him　a　piece　of　land；　the　best　in　all　the
country；　fair　with　vineyards　and　tilled　fields；　to　have　and　to　hold。
　　〃The　king's　daughter　bore　Bellerophon　three　children；　Isander；
Hippolochus；　and　Laodameia。　Jove；　the　lord　of　counsel；　lay　with
Laodameia；　and　she　bore　him　noble　Sarpedon；　but　when　Bellerophon
came　to　be　hated　by　all　the　gods；　he　wandered　all　desolate　and
dismayed　upon　the　Alean　plain；　gnawing　at　his　own　heart；　and
shunning　the　path　of　man。　Mars；　insatiate　of　battle；　killed　his　son
Isander　while　he　was　fighting　the　Solymi；　his　daughter　was　killed　by
Diana　of　the　golden　reins；　for　she　was　angered　with　her；　but
Hippolochus　was　father　to　myself；　and　when　he　sent　me　to　Troy　he　urged
me　again　and　again　to　fight　ever　among　the　foremost　and　outvie　my
peers；　so　as　not　to　shame　the　blood　of　my　fathers　who　were　the　noblest
in　Ephyra　and　in　all　Lycia。　This；　then；　is　the　descent　I　claim。〃
　　Thus　did　he　speak；　and　the　heart　of　Diomed　was　glad。　He　planted
his　spear　in　the　ground；　and　spoke　to　him　with　friendly　words。　〃Then；〃
he　said；　you　are　an　old　friend　of　my　father's　house。　Great　Oeneus　once
entertained　Bellerophon　for　twenty　days；　and　the　two　exchanged
presents。　Oeneus　gave　a　belt　rich　with　purple；　and　Bellerophon　a
double　cup；　which　I　left　at　home　when　I　set　out　for　Troy。　I　do　not
remember　Tydeus；　for　he　was　taken　from　us　while　I　was　yet　a　child；
when　the　army　of　the　Achaeans　was　cut　to　pieces　before　Thebes。
Henceforth；　however；　I　must　be　your　host　in　middle　Argos；　and　you　mine
in　Lycia；　if　I　should　ever　go　there；　let　us　avoid　one　another's　spears
even　during　a　general　engagement；　there　are　many　noble　Trojans　and
allies　whom　I　can　kill；　if　I　overtake　them　and　heaven　delivers　them
into　my　hand；　so　again　with　yourself；　there　are　many　Achaeans　whose
lives　you　may　take　if　you　can；　we　two；　then；　will　exchange　armour；
that　all　present　may　know　of　the　old　ties　that　subsist　between　us。〃
　　With　these　words　they　sprang　from　their　chariots；　grasped　one
another's　hands；　and　plighted　friendship。　But　the　son　of　Saturn　made
Glaucus　take　leave　of　his　wits；　for　he　exchanged　golden　armour　for
bronze；　the　worth　of　a　hundred　head　of　cattle　for　the　worth　of　nine。
　　Now　when　Hector　reached　the　Scaean　gates　and　the　oak　tree；　the　wives
and　daughters　of　the　Trojans　came　running　towards　him　to　ask　after
their　sons；　brothers；　kinsmen；　and　husbands：　he　told　them　to　set　about
praying　to　the　gods；　and　many　were　made　sorrowful　as　they　heard　him。
　　Presently　he　reached　the　splendid　palace　of　King　Priam；　adorned　with
colonnades　of　hewn　stone。　In　it　there　were　fifty　bedchambers…　all　of
hewn　stone…　built　near　one　another；　where　the　sons　of　Priam　slept；
each　with　his　wedded　wife。　Opposite　these；　on　the　other　side　the
courtyard；　there　were　twelve　upper　rooms　also　of　hewn　stone　for
Priam's　daughters；　built　near　one　another；　where　his　sons…in…law　slept
with　their　wives。　When　Hector　got　there；　his　fond　mother　came　up　to
him　with　Laodice　the　fairest　of　her　daughters。　She　took　his　hand
within　her　own　and　said；　〃My　son；　why　have　you　left　the　battle　to　come
hither？　Are　the　Achaeans；　woe　betide　them；　pressing　you　hard　about　the
city　that　you　have　thought　fit　to　come　and　uplift　your　hands　to　Jove
from　the　citadel？　Wait　till　I　can　bring　you　wine　that　you　may　make
offering　to　Jove　and　to　the　other　immortals；　and　may　then　drink　and　be
refreshed。　Wine　gives　a　man　fresh　strength　when　he　is　wearied；　as
you　now　are　with　fighting　on　behalf　of　your　kinsmen。〃
　　And　Hector　answered；　〃Honoured　mother；　bring　no　wine；　lest　you　unman
me　and　I　forget　my　strength。　I　dare　not　make　a　drink…offering　to
Jove　with　unwashed　hands；　one　who　is　bespattered　with　blood　and
filth　may　not　pray　to　the　son　of　Saturn。　Get　the　matrons　together；　and
go　with　offerings　to　the　temple　of　Minerva　driver　of　the　spoil；　there；
upon　the　knees　of　Minerva；　lay　the　largest　and　fairest　robe　you　have
in　your　house…　the　one　you　set　most　store　by；　promise；　moreover；　to
sacrifice　twelve　yearling　heifers　that　have　never　yet　felt　the　goad；
in　the　temple　of　the　goddess　if　she　will　take　pity　on　the　town；　with
the　wives　and　little　ones　of　the　Trojans；　and　keep　the　son　of　Tydeus
from　off　the　goodly　city　of　Ilius；　for　he　fights　with