madam how and lady why(裟健繁才山溺平)-及50准
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
sloping eastward�察 �the way we are going�察 �and each new rock or soil we
come to lies on the top of the one before it。 Now we shall run down hill
for many a mile�察 �down the back of the oolites�察 �past pretty Chippenham�察�
and Wootton´Bassett�察�towards Swindon spire。 Look at the country�察�child�察�
and thank God for this fair English land�察�in which your lot is cast。
What beautiful green fields�察 �and such huge elm trees�察 �and orchards�察�
and flowers in the cottage gardens� �
Ay�察�and what crops�察�too�此 �what wheat and beans�察�turnips and mangold。
All this land is very rich and easily worked�察�and hereabouts is some of the
best farming in England。 The Agricultural College at Cirencester�察 �of
which you have so often heard�察�lies thereaway�察�a few miles to our left�察�and
there lads go to learn to farm as no men in the world�察�save English and
Scotch�察�know how to farm。
But what rock are we on now�拭�
On rock that is much softer than that on the other side of the oolite
hills�此 �much softer�察 �because it is much newer。 We have got off the
oolites on to what is called the Oxford clay�察�and then�察�I believe�察�on to the
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Coral rag�察�and on that again lies what we are coming to now。 Do you see
the red sand in that field�拭�
Then that is the lowest layer of a fresh world�察�so to speak�察�a world still
younger than the oolitesthe chalk world。
But that is not chalk�察�or anything like it。
No�察�that is what is called Greensand。
But it is not green�察�it is red。
I know�此 �but years ago it got the name from one green vein in it�察�in
which the ;Coprolites�察─�as you learnt to call them at Cambridge�察�are found�察�
and that�察 �and a little layer of blue clay�察 �called gault�察 �between the upper
Greensand and lower Greensand�察�runs along everywhere at the foot of the
chalk hills。
I see the hills now。 Are they chalk�拭�
Yes�察�chalk they are�此 �so we may begin to feel near home now。 See
how they range away to the south toward Devizes�察 �and Westbury�察 �and
Warminster�察�a goodly land and large。 At their feet�察�everywhere�察�run the
rich pastures on which the Wiltshire cheese is made�察�and here and there�察�as
at Westbury�察 �there is good iron´ore in the greensand�察 �which is being
smelted now�察�as it used to be in the Weald of Surrey and Kent ages since。
I must tell you about that some other time。
But are there Coprolites here�拭�
I believe there are�此 �I know there are some at Swindon�察�and I do not
see why they should not be found�察�here and there�察�all the way along the
foot of the downs�察�from here to Cambridge。
But do these downs go to Cambridge�拭�
Of course they do。 We are now in the great valley which runs right
across England from south´west to north´east�察 �from Axminster in
Devonshire to Hunstanton in Norfolk�察�with the chalk always on your right
hand�察�and the oolite hills on your left�察�till it ends by sinking into the sea�察�
among the fens of Lincolnshire and Norfolk。
But what made that great valley�拭�
I am not learned enough to tell。 Only this I think we can say that
once on a time these chalk downs on our right reached high over our heads
here�察�and far to the north�察�and that Madam How pared them away�察�whether
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by icebergs�察�or by sea´waves�察�or merely by rain�察�I cannot tell。
Well�察�those downs do look very like sea´cliffs。
So they do�察�very like an old shore´line。 Be that as it may�察�after the
chalk was eaten away�察�Madam How began digging into the soils below the
chalk�察�on which we are now�察�and because they were mostly soft clays�察�she
cut them out very easily�察�till she came down�察�or nearly down�察�to the harder
freestone rocks which run along on our left hand�察�miles away�察�and so she
scooped out this great vale�察�which we call here the Vale of White Horse�察�
and further on�察 �the Vale of Aylesbury�察 �and then the Bedford Level�察 �and
then the dear ugly old Fens。
Is this the Vale of White Horse�拭 �Oh�察�I know about it�察�I have read The
Scouring of the White Horse。
Of course you have�察 �and when you are older you will read a jollier
book still��Tom Brown's School Daysand when we have passed
Swindon�察�we shall see some of the very places described in it�察�close on our
right。
* * *
There is the White Horse Hill。
The White Horse Hill�拭 �But where is the horse�拭 �I can see a bit of
him�此 �but he does not look like a horse from here�察 �or indeed from any
other place�察�he is a very old horse indeed�察�and a thousand years of wind
and rain have spoilt his anatomy a good deal on the top of that wild down。
And is that really where Alfred fought the Danes�拭�
As certainly�察�boy�察�I believe�察�as that Waterloo is where the Duke fought
Napoleon。 Yes�此 �you may well stare at it with all your eyes�察�the noble
down。 It is one of the most sacred spots on English soil。
Ah�察�it is gone now。 The train runs so fast。
So it does�察�too fast to let you look long at one thing�此 �but in return�察�it
lets you see so many more things in a given time than the slow old
coaches and posters did。Well�拭�what is it�拭�
I wanted to ask you a question�察�but you won't listen to me。
Won't I�拭 �I suppose I was dreaming with my eyes open。 You see�察�I
have been so often along this lineand through this country�察 �too�察 �long
before the line was madethat I cannot pass it without its seeming full of
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memoriesperhaps of ghosts。
Of real ghosts�拭�
As real ghosts�察 �I suspect�察 �as any one on earth ever saw�察 �faces and
scenes which have printed themselves so deeply on one's brain�察�that when
one passes the same place�察 �long years after�察 �they start up again�察 �out of
fields and roadsides�察 �as if they were alive once more�察 �and need sound
sense to send them back again into their place as things which are past for
ever�察�for good and ill。 But what did you want to know�拭�
Why�察�I am so tired of looking out of the window。 It is all the same�此�
fields and hedges�察�hedges and fields�察�and I want to talk。
Fields and hedges�察�hedges and fields�拭 �Peace and plenty�察�plenty and
peace。 However�察 �it may seem dull�察 �now that the grass is cut�察 �but you
would not have said so two months ago�察�when the fields were all golden´
green with buttercups�察 �and the whitethorn hedges like crested waves of
snow。 I should like to take a foreigner down the Vale of Berkshire in the
end of May�察�and ask him what he thought of old England。 But what shall
we talk about�拭�
I want to know about Coprolites�察�if they dig them here�察�as they do at
Cambridge。
I don't think they do。 But I suspect they will some day。
But why do people dig them�拭�
Because they are rational men�察�and want manure for their fields。
But what are Coprolites�拭�
Well�察 �they were called Coprolites at first because some folk fancied
they were the leavings of fossil animals�察�such as you may really find in the
lias at Lynn in Dorsetshire。 But they are not that�察�and all we can say is�察�
that a long time ago�察 �before the chalk began to be made�察 �there was a
shallow sea in England�察 �the shore of which was so covered with dead
animals�察�that the bone´ earth ��the phosphate of lime�� out of them crusted
itself round every bone�察�and shell�察�and dead sea´beast on the shore�察�and got
covered up with fresh sand�察�and buried for ages as a mine of wealth。
But how many millions of dead creatures�察�there must have been� �What
killed them�拭�
We do not know。 No more do we know how it comes to pass that this
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thin band ��often only a few inches thick�� of dead creatures should stretch
all the way from Dorsetshire to Norfolk�察 �and�察 �I