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Biographical Study of A。 W。 Kinglake
by Rev。 W。 Tcikwell
PREFACE
IT is just eleven years since Kinglake passed away�察�and his life has not yet been separately memorialized。 A few years more�察�and the personal side of him would be irrecoverable�察�though by personality�察�no less than by authorship�察�he made his contemporary mark。 When a tomb has been closed for centuries�察�the effaced lineaments of its tenant can be re´coloured only by the idealizing hand of genius�察�as Scott drew Claverhouse�察�and Carlyle drew Cromwell。 But�察�to the biographer of the lately dead�察�men have a right to say�察�as Saul said to the Witch of Endor�察 �Call up Samuel� ─ �In your study of a life so recent as Kinglake's�察�give us�察�if you choose�察�some critical synopsis of his monumental writings�察�some salvage from his ephemeral and scattered papers�察�trace so much of his youthful training as shaped the development of his character�察�
depict�察�with wise restraint�察�his political and public life�此�but also�察�and above all�察�re´clothe him ;in his habit as he lived�察─�as friends and associates knew him�察�recover his traits of voice and manner�察�his conversational wit or wisdom�察�epigram or paradox�察�his explosions of sarcasm and his eccentricities of reserve�察�his words of winningness and acts of kindness�此�and�察�since one half of his life was social�察�introduce us to the companions who shared his lighter hour and evoked his finer fancies�察�take us to the Athenaeum ;Corner�察─�or to Holland House�察�and flash on us at least a glimpse of the brilliant men and women who formed the setting to his sparkle�察 �DIC IN AMICITIAM COEANT ET FOEDERA JUNGANT。;
This I have endeavoured to do�察�with such aid as I could command from his few remaining contemporaries。 His letters to his family were destroyed by his own desire�察�on those written to Madame Novikoff no such embargo was laid�察�nor does she believe that it was intended。 I have used these sparingly�察�and all extracts from them have been subjected to her censorship。 If the result is not Attic in salt�察�it is at any rate Roman in brevity。 I send it forth with John Bunyan's homely aspiration��
And may its buyer have no cause to say�察�His money is but lost or thrown away。
CHAPTER I ´ EARLY YEARS
THE fourth decade of the deceased century dawned on a procession of Oriental pilgrims�察�variously qualified or disqualified to hold the gorgeous East in fee�察�who�察�with BAKSHISH in their purses�察�a theory in their brains�察�an unfilled diary´book in their portmanteaus�察 �sought out the Holy Land�察�the Sinai peninsula�察�the valley of the Nile�察�sometimes even Armenia and the Monte Santo�察�and returned home to emit their illustrated and mapped octavos。 We have the type delineated admiringly in Miss Yonge's ;Heartsease�察─。�1�� bitterly in Miss Skene's ;Use and Abuse�察─�facetiously in the Clarence Bulbul of ;Our Street。; ;Hang it� �has not everybody written an Eastern book�拭 �I should like to meet anybody in society now who has not been up to the Second Cataract。 My Lord Castleroyal has done one ´ an honest one�察�my Lord Youngent another ´ an amusing one�察�my Lord Woolsey another ´ a pious one�察�there is the 'Cutlet and the Cabob' ´ a sentimental one�察�Timbuctoothen ´ a humorous one。; Lord Carlisle's honesty�察�Lord Nugent's fun�察�Lord Lindsay's piety�察�failed to float their books。 Miss Martineau�察�clear�察�frank�察�unemotional Curzon�察 �fuddling the Levantine monks with rosoglio that he might fleece them of their treasured hereditary manuscripts�察�even Eliot Warburton's power�察�colouring�察�play of fancy�察�have yielded to the mobility of Time。 Two alone out of the gallant company maintain their vogue to´day�此�Stanley's ;Sinai and Palestine�察─�as a Fifth Gospel�察�an inspired Scripture Gazetteer�察�and ;Eothen�察─�as a literary gem of purest ray serene。
In 1898 a reprint of the first edition was given to the public�察 �prefaced by a brief eulogium of the book and a slight notice of the author。 It brought to the writer of the ;Introduction; not only kind and indulgent criticism�察�but valuable corrections�察�fresh facts�察�clues to further knowledge。 These last have been carefully followed out。 The unwary statement that Kinglake never spoke after his first failure in the House has been atoned by a careful study of all his speeches in and out of Parliament。 His reviews in the ;Quarterly; and elsewhere have been noted�察�impressions of his manner and appearance at different periods of his life have been recovered from coaeval acquaintances�察�his friend Hayward's Letters�察 �the numerous allusions in Lord Houghton's Life�察�Mrs。 Crosse's lively chapters in ;Red Letter Days of my Life�察─�Lady Gregory's interesting recollections of the Athenaeum Club in Blackwood of December�察�1895�察�the somewhat slender notice in the ;Dictionary of National Biography�察─�have all been carefully digested。 From these�察 �and�察�as will be seen�察�from other sources�察�the present Memoir has been compiled�察�an endeavour ´ SERA TAMEN ´ to lay before the countless readers and admirers of his books a fairly adequate appreciation�察�hitherto unattempted�察�of their author。
I have to acknowledge the great kindness of Canon William Warburton�察�who examined his brother Eliot's diaries on my behalf�察 �obtained information from Dean Boyle and Sir M。 Grant Duff�察�cleared up for me not a few obscure allusions in the ;Eothen; pages。 My highly valued friend�察�Mrs。 Hamilton Kinglake�察�of Taunton�察�his sister´in´law�察�last surviving relative of his own generation�察�has helped me with facts which no one else could have recalled。 To Mr。 Estcott�察�his old acquaintance and Somersetshire neighbour�察�I am indebted for recollections manifold and interesting�察�but above all I tender thanks to Madame Novikoff�察�his intimate associate and correspondent during the last twenty years of his life�察�who has supplemented her brilliant sketch of him in ;La Nouvelle Revue; of 1896 by oral and written information lavish in quantity and of paramount biographical value。 Kinglake's external life�察�his literary and political career�察�his speeches�察�and the more fugitive productions of his pen�察�were recoverable from public sources�察�but his personal and private side�察�as it showed itself to the few close intimates who still survive�察�must have remained to myself and others meagre�察�superficial�察�disappointing�察�without Madame Novikoff's unreserved and sympathetic confidence。
Alexander William Kinglake was descended from an old Scottish stock�察�the Kinlochs�察�who migrated to England with King James�察�and whose name was Anglicized into Kinglake。 Later on we find them settled on a considerable estate of their own at Saltmoor�察�near Borobridge�察�whence towards the close of the eighteenth century two brothers�察�moving southward�察�made their home in Taunton ´ Robert as a physician�察�William as a solicitor and banker。 Both were of high repute�察�both begat famous sons。 From Robert sprang the eminent Parliamentary lawyer�察�Serjeant John Kinglake�察�at one time a contemporary with Cockburn and Crowder on the Western Circuit�察�and William Chapman Kinglake�察�who while at Trinity�察�Cambridge�察�won the Latin verse prize�察 �Salix Babylonica�察─�the English verse prizes on ;Byzantium; and the ;Taking of Jerusalem�察─�in 1830 and 1832。 Of William's sons the eldest was Alexander William�察�author of ;Eothen�察─�the youngest Hamilton�察�for many years one of the most distinguished physicians in the West of England。 ;Eothen�察─�as he came to be called�察�was born at Taunton on the 5th August�察�1809�察�at a house called ;The Lawn。; His father�察�a sturdy Whig�察�died at the age of ninety through injuries received in the hustings crowd of a contested election。 His mother belonged to an old Somersetshire family�察�the Woodfordes of Castle Cary。 She�察�too�察�lived to a great age�察�a slight�察�neat figure in dainty dress�察�full of antique charm and grace。 As a girl she had known Lady Hester Stanhope�察�who lived with her grandmother�察�Lady Chatham�察�at Burton Pynsent�察�her own father�察�Dr。 Thomas Woodforde�察�being Lady Chatham's medical attendant。 ��2�� The future prophetess of the Lebanon was then a wild girl�察�scouring the countryside on bare´backed horses�察�she showed great kindness to Mary Woodforde�察�afterwards Kinglake's mother。 It was as his mother's son that she received him long afterwards at Djoun。 To his mother Kinglake was passionately attached�察�owed to her�察�as he tells us in ;Eothen�察─�his home in the saddle and his love for Homer。 A tradition is preserved in the family that on the day of her funeral�察�at a churchyard five miles away�察�he was missed from the household group reassembled in the mourning home�察�he was found to have ordered his horse�察�and galloped back in the darkness to his mother's grave。 Forty years later he writes to Alexander Knox�此 �The death of a mother has an almost magical power of recalling the home of one's childhood�察�and the almost separate world that rests upon affection。; Of his two sisters�察�one was well read and agreeably talkative�察�noted by Thackeray as the cleverest woman he had ever met�察�the other�察�Mrs。 Acton�察�was a delightful old ESPRIT FORT�察�as I knew her in the sixties�察 �pagan�察�I regret to say�察─�but not a little resembling her brother in the point and manner of her wit。