04道德经英译本85种-第441节
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Blend into one；
Its rising brings no light；
Its sinking； no darkness。
Endless the series of things without name
On the way back to where there is nothing。
They are called shapeless shapes；
Forms without form；
Are called vague semblance。
Go towards them； and you can see no front；
Go after them； and you see no rear。
Yet by seizing on the Way that was
You can ride the things that are now。
For to know what once there was； in the Beginning；
This is called the essence of the Way。
15
Of old those that were the best officers of Court
Had inner natures subtle； abstruse； mysterious； penetrating；
Too deep to be understood。
And because such men could not be understood
I can but tell of them as they appeared to the world：
Circumspect they seemed； like one who in winter crosses a stream；
Watchful； as one who must meet danger on every side。
Ceremonious； as one who pays a visit；
Yet yielding； as ice when it begins to melt。
Blank； as a piece of uncarved wood；
Yet receptive as a hollow in the hills。
Murky； as a troubled stream 棖
（Tranquil； as the vast reaches of the sea；
Drifting as the wind with no stop。）
Which of you an assume such murkiness；
To become in the end still and clear？
Which of you can make yourself insert；
To become in the end full of life and stir？
Those who possess this Tao do not try to fill themselves to the brim；
And because they do not try to fill themselves to the brim；
They are like a garment that endures all wear and need never be renewed。
16
Push far enough towards the Void；
Hold fast enough to Quietness；
And of the ten thousand things none but can be worked on by you。
I have beheld them； whither they go back。
See； all things howsoever they flourish
Return to the root from which they grew。
This return to the root is called Quietness；
Quietness is called submission to Fate；
What has submitted to Fate has become part of the always so。
To know the always…so is to be Illumined；
Not to know it； means to go blindly to disaster。
He who knows the always…so has room in him for everything；
He who has room in him for everything is without prejudice。
To be without prejudice is to be kingly；
To be kingly is to be of heaven；
To be of heaven is to be in Tao。
Tao is forever and he that possess it；
Though his body ceases； is not destroyed。
17
Of the highest the people merely know that such a one exists；
The next they draw near to and praise。
The next they shrink from； intimidated； but revile。
Truly； 揑t is by not believing people that you turn them into liars？
But from the Sage it is so hard at any price to get a single word
That when his task is accomplished； his work done；
Throughout the country every one says： 揑t happened of its own accord？
18
It was when the Great Way declined
That human kindness and morality arose；
It was when intelligence and knowledge appeared
That the Great Artifice began。
It was when the six near ones were no longer at peace
That there was talk of 揹utiful sons？
Nor till fatherland was dark with strife
Did we hear of 搇oyal slaves？
19
Banish wisdom； discard knowledge；
And the people will be benefited a hundredfold。
Banish human kindness； discard morality；
And the people will be dutiful and compassionate。
Banish skill； discard profit；
And thieves and robbers will disappear。
If when these three things are done they find life too plain and unadorned；
Then let them have accessories；
Give them Simplicity to look at； the Uncarved Black to hold；
Give them selflessness and fewness of desires。
Banish learning； and there will be no more grieving。
20
Between wei and o
What after all is the difference？
Can it be compared to the difference between good and bad？
The saying 搘hat others avoid I too must avoid？br》 How false and superficial it is？
All men； indeed； are wreathed in smiles；
As though feasting after the Great Sacrifice；
As though going up to the Spring Carnival。
I alone am inert； like a child that has not yet given sign；
Like an infant that has not yet smiled。
I droop and drift； as though I belonged nowhere。
All men have enough and to spare；
I alone seem to have lost everything。
Mine is indeed the mind of a very idiot；
So dull am I。
The world is full of people that shine；
I alone am dark。
They look lively and self…assured；
I alone depressed。
（I seem unsettled as the ocean；
Blown adrift； never brought to a stop。）
All men can be put to some use；
I alone am intractable and boorish。
But wherein I most am different from men
Is that I prize no sustenance that comes not from the Mother's breast。
21
Such the scope of the All…pervading Power。
That it alone can act through the Way。
For the Way is a thing impalpable； incommensurable。
Incommensurable； impalpable。
Yet latent in it are forms；
Impalpable； incommensurable
Yet within it are entities。
Shadowy it is and dim；
Yet within it there is a force；
Is none the less efficacious。
From the times of old till now
Its charge has not departed
But cheers onward the many warriors。
How do I know that the many warriors are so？
Through this。
22
揟o remain whole； be twisted！？br》 To become straight； let yourself be bent。
To become full； be hollow。
Be tattered； that you may be renewed。
Those that have little； may get more；
Those that have much； are but perplexed。
Therefore the ； Sage
Clasps the Primal Unity；
Testing by it everything under heaven。
He does not show himself； therefore he seen everywhere。
He does not define himself； therefore he is distinct。
He does not boast of what he will do； therefore he succeeds。
He is not proud of his work； and therefore it endures。
He does not contend；
And for that very reason no one under heaven can contend with him。
So then we see that the ancient saying 揟o remain whole； be twisted！？was no idle word；
For true wholeness can only be achieved by return。
23
To be always talks is against nature。
For the same reason a hurricane never lasts a whole morning；
Nor a rainstorm all day。
Who is it that makes the wind and rain？
It is Heaven…and Earth。
And if even Heaven…and Earth cannot blow or pour for long；
How much less in his utterance should man？
Truly； if one uses the Way as one's instrument；
The results will be like the Way；
If one uses the 損ower？as instrument；
The results will be like the 損ower？
If one uses what is the reverse of the 損ower？
The results will be the reverse of the 損ower？
For to those who have conformed themselves to the Way；
The Way readily lends its power。
To those who have conformed themselves to the power；
The power readily； lends more power。
While to those who conform themselves to inefficacy；
Inefficacy readily lends its ineffectiveness。
揑t is by not believing in people that you turn them into liars。？br》
24
'He who stands on tip…toe； does not stand firm；
He who takes the longest strides； does not walk the fastest。？br》 He who does his own looking sees little；
He who defines himself is not therefore distinct。
He who boasts of what he will do succeeds in nothing；
He who is proud of his work； achieves nothing that endures。
Of these； from the standpoint of the Way； it is said：
揚ass round superfluous dishes to those that have already had enough；
And no creature but will reject them in disgust。？br》 That is why he that possesses Tao does not linger。
25
There was something formless yet complete；
That existed before heaven and earth；
Without sound； without substance；
Dependent on nothing； unchanging；
All pervading； unfailing。
One may think of it as the mother of all things under heaven。
Its true name we do not know；
Were I forced to say to what class of things it belongs
I should call it Great （ta）
Now ta also means passing on；
And passing on means going Far Away；
And going far away means returning。
Thus just as Tao has 搕his greatness？and as earth has it and as heaven has it；
So may the ruler also have it。
Thus 搘ithin the realm there are four portions of greatness？
And one belongs to the king。
The ways of men are conditioned by those of earth。
The ways of earth； by those of heaven。
The ways of heaven by those of Tao； and the ways of Tao by the Self…so。
26
As the heavy must be the foundation of the light；
So quietness is lord and master of activity。
Truly； 揂 man of consequence though he travels all day
Will not let himself be separated from his baggage…wagon；
However magnificent the view； he sits quiet and dispassionate？
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