lect05-第6节

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be　parts　of　the　same　primeval　heritage。'　（'　Comparative






Politics；'　p。　261。）　But　perhaps　we　may　permit　ourselves　to　go　a






step　beyond　this　account。　The　Comitatus　or　Companions　of　the






Chief；　even　when　they　were　freemen；　were　not　necessarily　Or






ordinarily　his　near　kindred。　Their　dependence　on　him；　carrying






with　it　friendship　and　affection；　would　in　modern　societies　place






them　in　a　position　well　understood；　and　on　something　like　an






equality　with　him；　but　in　the　beginning　of　things　one　man　was






always　the　kinsman；　the　slave；　or　the　enemy　of　another；　and　mere






friendship　and　affection　would；　by　themselves；　create　no　tie






between　man　and　man。　In　order　that　they　might　have　any　reality；






they　would　have　to　be　considered　as　establishing　one　of　the






relations　known　to　that　stage　of　thought。　Between　equals　this






would　be　assumed　or　fictitious　kinship。　But　between　the　Chief　who






embodied　purity　of　tribal　descent　and　his　associates；　it　would






have　more　or　less　to　follow　the　pattern　of　the　slave's　dependence






on　his　master；　and；　where　the　Companion　was　not　actually　the






Chief's　slave；　the　bond　which　connected　them　would　very　probably






be　adapted　to　the　more　honourable　model　furnished　by　the　relation






between　ex…slave　and　ex…master。