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第38节

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of people who should know better。  In reality these societies do 

not exist。  Does my reader pause; wondering if he can believe his 

eyes?  He has doubtless heard all his life of these delightful 

circles; and believes in them。  He may even have dined; EN PASSANT; 

at the 〃palace〃 of some resident compatriot in Rome or Florence; 

under the impression that he was within its mystic limits。  

Illusion!  An effect of mirage; making that which appears quite 

tangible and solid when viewed from a distance dissolve into thin 

air as one approaches; like the mirage; cheating the weary 

traveller with a vision of what he most longs for。



Forty; even fifty years ago; there lived in Rome a group of very 

agreeable people; Story and the two Greenoughs and Crawford; the 

sculptor (father of the brilliant novelist of today); Charlotte 

Cushman (who divided her time between Rome and Newport); and her 

friend Miss Stebbins; the sculptress; to whose hands we owe the 

bronze fountain on the Mall in our Park; Rogers; then working at 

the bronze doors of our capitol; and many other cultivated and 

agreeable people。  Hawthorne passed a couple of winters among them; 

and the tone of that society is reflected in his 〃Marble Faun。〃  He 

took Story as a model for his 〃Kenyon;〃 and was the first to note 

the exotic grace of an American girl in that strange setting。  They 

formed as transcendental and unworldly a group as ever gathered 

about a 〃tea〃 table。  Great things were expected of them and their 

influence; but they disappointed the world; and; with the exception 

of Hawthorne; are being fast forgotten。



Nothing could be simpler than life in the papal capital in those 

pleasant days。  Money was rare; but living as delightfully 

inexpensive。  It was about that time; if I do not mistake; that a 

list was published in New York of the citizens worth one hundred 

thousand dollars; and it was not a long one!  The Roman colony took 

〃tea〃 informally with each other; and 〃received〃 on stated evenings 

in their studios (when mulled claret and cakes were the only 

refreshment offered; very bad they were; too); and migrated in the 

summer to the mountains near Rome or to Sorrento。  In the winter 

months their circle was enlarged by a contingent from home。  Among 

wealthy New Yorkers; it was the fashion in the early fifties to 

pass a winter in Rome; when; together with his other dissipations; 

paterfamilias would sit to one of the American sculptors for his 

bust; which accounts for the horrors one now runs across in dark 

corners of country houses; … ghostly heads in 〃chin whiskers〃 and 

Roman draperies。



The son of one of these pioneers; more rich than cultivated; 

noticed the other day; while visiting a friend of mine; an 

exquisite eighteenth…century bust of Madame de Pompadour; the pride 

of his hostess's drawing…room。  〃Ah!〃 said Midas; 〃are busts the 

fashion again?  I have one of my father; done in Rome in 1850。  I 

will bring it down and put it in my parlor。〃



The travellers consulted the residents in their purchases of copies 

of the old masters; for there were fashions in these luxuries as in 

everything else。  There was a run at that time on the 〃Madonna in 

the Chair;〃 and 〃Beatrice Cenci〃 was long prime favorite。  

Thousands of the latter leering and winking over her everlasting 

shoulder; were solemnly sent home each year。  No one ever dreamed 

of buying an original painting!  The tourists also developed a 

taste for large marble statues; 〃Nydia; the Blind Girl of Pompeii〃 

(people read Bulwer; Byron and the Bible then) being in such demand 

that I knew one block in lower Fifth Avenue that possessed seven 

blind Nydias; all life…size; in white marble; … a form of 

decoration about as well adapted to those scanty front parlors as a 

steam engine or a carriage and pair would have been。  I fear 

Bulwer's heroine is at a discount now; and often wonder as I see 

those old residences turning into shops; what has become of the 

seven white elephants and all their brothers and sisters that our 

innocent parents brought so proudly back from Italy!  I have 

succeeded in locating two statues evidently imported at that time。  

They grace the back steps of a rather shabby villa in the country; 

… Demosthenes and Cicero; larger than life; dreary; funereal 

memorials of the follies of our fathers。



The simple days we have been speaking of did not; however; outlast 

the circle that inaugurated them。  About 1867 a few rich New 

Yorkers began 〃trying to know the Italians〃 and go about with them。  

One family; 〃up to snuff〃 in more senses than one; married their 

daughter to the scion of a princely house; and immediately a large 

number of her compatriots were bitten with the madness of going 

into Italian society。



In 1870; Rome became the capital of united Italy。  The court 

removed there。  The 〃improvements〃 began。  Whole quarters were 

remodelled; and the dear old Rome of other days; the Rome of 

Hawthorne and Madame de Stael; was swept away。  With this new state 

of things came a number of Americo…Italian marriages more or less 

successful; and anything like an American society; properly so…

called; disappeared。  To…day families of our compatriots passing 

the winter months in Rome are either tourists who live in hotels; 

and see sights; or go (as far as they can) into Italian society。



The Queen of Italy; who speaks excellent English; developed a 

PENCHANT for Americans; and has attached several who married 

Italians to her person in different court capacities; indeed; the 

old 〃Black〃 society; who have remained true to the Pope; when they 

wish to ridicule the new 〃White〃 or royal circle; call it the 

〃American court!〃  The feeling is bitter still between the 〃Blacks〃 

and 〃Whites;〃 and an American girl who marries into one of these 

circles must make up her mind to see nothing of friends or 

relatives in the opposition ranks。  It is said that an amalgamation 

is being brought about; but it is slow work; a generation will have 

to die out before much real mingling of the two courts will take 

place。  As both these circles are poor; very little entertainment 

goes on。  One sees a little life in the diplomatic world; and the 

King and Queen give a ball or two during the winter; but since the 

repeated defeats of the Italian arms in Africa; and the heavy 

financial difficulties (things these sovereigns take very seriously 

to heart); there has not been much 〃go〃 in the court 

entertainments。



The young set hope great things of the new Princess of Naples; the 

bride of the heir…apparent; a lady who is credited with being full 

of fun and life; it is fondly imagined that she will set the ball 

rolling again。  By the bye; her first lady…in…waiting; the young 

Duchess del Monte of Naples; was an American girl; and a very 

pretty one; too。  She enjoyed for some time the enviable 

distinction of being the youngest and handsomest duchess in Europe; 

until Miss Vanderbilt married Marlborough and took the record from 

her。  The Prince and Princess of Naples live at their Neapolitan 

capital; and will not do much to help things in Rome。  Besides 

which he is very delicate and passes for not being any too fond of 

the world。



What makes things worse is that the great nobles are mostly 〃land 

poor;〃 and even the richer ones burned their fingers in the craze 

for speculation that turned all Rome upside down in the years 

following 1870 and Italian unity; when they naively imagined their 

new capital was to become again after seventeen centuries the 

metropolis of the world。  Whole quarters of new houses were run up 

for a population that failed to appear; these houses now stand 

empty and are fast going to ruin。  So that little in the way of 

entertaining is to be expected from the bankrupts。  They are a 

genial race; these Italian nobles; and welcome rich strangers and 

marry them with much enthusiasm … just a shade too much; perhaps … 

the girl counting for so little and her DOT for so much in the 

matrimonial scale。  It is only necessary to keep open house to have 

the pick of the younger ones as your guests。  They will come to 

entertainments at American houses and bring all their relations; 

and dance; and dine; and flirt with great good humor and 

persistency; but if there is not a good solid fortune in the 

background; in the best of securities; the prettiest American 

smiles never tempt them beyond flirtation; the season over; they 

disappear up into their mountain villas to wait for a new 

importation from the States。



In Rome; as well as in the other Italian cities; there are; of 

course; still to be found Americans in some numbers (where on the 

Continent will you not find them?); living quietly for study or 

economy。  But they are not numerous or united enough to form a 

society; and are apt to be involved in bitter strife among 

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