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  29。 It will be also worth our while to see what equity our   legislator would have us exercise in our intercourse with   strangers�察�for it will thence appear that he made the best   provision he possibly could�察�both that we should not dissolve   our own constitution�察�nor show any envious mind towards   those that would cultivate a friendship with us。 Accordingly�察  �our legislator admits all those that have a mind to observe   our laws so to do�察�and this after a friendly manner�察�as   esteeming that a true union which not only extends to our   own stock�察�but to those that would live after the same   manner with us�察�yet does he not allow those that come to us   by accident only to be admitted into communion with us。      30。 However�察�there are other things which our legislator   ordained for us beforehand�察�which of necessity we ought to   do in common to all men�察�as to afford fire�察�and water�察�and   food to such as want it�察�to show them the roads�察�not to let   any one lie unburied。 He also would have us treat those that   are esteemed our enemies with moderation�察�for he doth not   allow us to set their country on fire�察�nor permit us to cut   down those trees that bear fruit�察�nay�察�further�察�he forbids us to   spoil those that have been slain in war。 He hath also provided   for such as are taken captive�察�that they may not be injured�察  �and especially that the women may not be abused。 Indeed he   hath taught us gentleness and humanity so effectually�察�that he   hath not despised the care of brute beasts�察�by permitting no   other than a regular use of them�察�and forbidding any other�察  �and if any of them come to our houses�察�like supplicants�察�we   are forbidden to slay them�察�nor may we kill the dams�察  �together with their young ones�察�but we are obliged�察�even in   an enemy's country�察�to spare and not kill those creatures that   labor for mankind。 Thus hath our lawgiver contrived to teach   us an equitable conduct every way�察�by using us to such laws   as instruct us therein�察�while at the same time he hath   ordained that such as break these laws should be punished�察  �without the allowance of any excuse whatsoever。      31。 Now the greatest part of offenses with us are capital�察�as if   any one be guilty of adultery�察�if any one force a virgin�察�if any   one be so impudent as to attempt sodomy with a male�察�or if�察  �upon another's making an attempt upon him�察�he submits to   be so used。 There is also a law for slaves of the like nature�察  �that can never be avoided。 Moreover�察�if any one cheats   another in measures or weights�察�or makes a knavish bargain   and sale�察�in order to cheat another�察�if any one steals what   belongs to another�察�and takes what he never deposited�察�all   these have punishments allotted them�察�not such as are met   with among other nations�察�but more severe ones。 And as for   attempts of unjust behavior towards parents�察�or for impiety   against God�察�though they be not actually accomplished�察�the   offenders are destroyed immediately。 However�察�the reward   for such as live exactly according to the laws is not silver or   gold�察�it is not a garland of olive branches or of small age�察�nor   any such public sign of commendation�察�but every good man   hath his own conscience bearing witness to himself�察�and by   virtue of our legislator's prophetic spirit�察�and of the firm   security God himself affords such a one�察�he believes that God   hath made this grant to those that observe these laws�察�even   though they be obliged readily to die for them�察�that they shall   come into being again�察�and at a certain revolution of things   shall receive a better life than they had enjoyed before。 Nor   would I venture to write thus at this time�察�were it not well   known to all by our actions that many of our people have   many a time bravely resolved to endure any sufferings�察�rather   than speak one word against our law。      32。 Nay�察�indeed�察�in case it had so fallen out�察�that our nation   had not been so thoroughly known among all men as they   are�察�and our voluntary submission to our laws had not been   so open and manifest as it is�察�but that somebody had   pretended to have written these laws himself�察�and had read   them to the Greeks�察�or had pretended that he had met with   men out of the limits of the known world�察�that had such   reverent notions of God�察�and had continued a long time in   the firm observance of such laws as ours�察�I cannot but   suppose that all men would admire them on a reflection upon   the frequent changes they had therein been themselves   subject to�察�and this while those that have attempted to write   somewhat of the same kind for politic government�察�and for   laws�察�are accused as composing monstrous things�察�and are   said to have undertaken an impossible task upon them。 And   here I will say nothing of those other philosophers who have   undertaken any thing of this nature in their writings。 But   even Plato himself�察�who is so admired by the Greeks on   account of that gravity in his manners�察�and force in his words�察  �and that ability he had to persuade men beyond all other   philosophers�察�is little better than laughed at and exposed to   ridicule on that account�察�by those that pretend to sagacity in   political affairs�察�although he that shall diligently peruse his   writings will find his precepts to be somewhat gentle�察�and   pretty near to the customs of the generality of mankind。 Nay�察  �Plato himself confesseth that it is not safe to publish the true   notion concerning God among the ignorant multitude。 Yet do   some men look upon Plato's discourses as no better than   certain idle words set off with great artifice。 However�察�they   admire Lycurgus as the principal lawgiver�察�and all men   celebrate Sparta for having continued in the firm observance   of his laws for a very long time。 So far then we have gained�察  �that it is to be confessed a mark of virtue to submit to laws。   ��24�� But then let such as admire this in the Lacedemonians   compare that duration of theirs with more than two thousand   years which our political government hath continued�察�and let   them further consider�察�that though the Lacedemonians did   seem to observe their laws exactly while they enjoyed their   liberty�察�yet that when they underwent a change of their   fortune�察�they forgot almost all those laws�察�while we�察�having   been under ten thousand changes in our fortune by the   changes that happened among the kings of Asia�察�have never   betrayed our laws under the most pressing distresses we have   been in�察�nor have we neglected them either out of sloth or   for a livelihood。 ��25�� if any one will consider it�察�the   difficulties and labors laid upon us have been greater than   what appears to have been borne by the Lacedemonian   fortitude�察�while they neither ploughed their land�察�nor   exercised any trades�察�but lived in their own city�察�free from all   such pains´taking�察�in the enjoyment of plenty�察�and using such   exercises as might improve their bodies�察�while they made use   of other men as their servants for all the necessaries of life�察  �and had their food prepared for them by the others�察�and   these good and humane actions they do for no other purpose   but this�察�that by their actions and their sufferings they may be   able to conquer all those against whom they make war。 I   need not add this�察�that they have not been fully able to   observe their laws�察�for not only a few single persons�察�but   multitudes of them�察�have in heaps neglected those laws�察�and   have delivered themselves�察�together with their arms�察�into the   hands of their enemies。      33。 Now as for ourselves�察�I venture to say that no one can tell   of so many�察�nay�察�not of more than one or two that have   betrayed our laws�察�no�察�not out of fear of death itself�察�I do not   mean such an easy death as happens in battles�察�but that   which comes with bodily torments�察�and seems to be the   severest kind of death of all others。 Now I think those that   have conquered us have put us to such deaths�察�not out of   their hatred to us when they had subdued us�察�but rather out   of their desire of seeing a surprising sight�察�which is this�察  �whether there be such men in the world who believe that no   evil is to them so great as to be compelled to do or to speak   any thing contrary to their own laws。 Nor ought men to   wonder at us�察�if we are more courageous in dying for our   laws than all other men are�察�for other men do not easily   submit to the easier things in which we are instituted�察�I mean   working with our hands�察�and eating but little�察�and being   contented to eat and drink�察�not at random�察�or at every one's   pleasure�察�or being under inviolable rules in lying with our   wives�察�in magnificent furniture�察�and again in the observation   of our times of rest�察�while those that can use their swords in   war�察�and can put their enemies to flight when they attack   them�察�cannot bear to submit to such laws about their way of   living�此�whereas our being accustomed willingly to submit to   laws in these instances�察�renders us fit to show our fortitude   upon other occasions also。      34。 Yet do the Lysimachi and the Molones�察�and some other   writers�察。�unskillful sophists as they are�察�and the deceivers of   young men�撮� reproach us as the vilest of all mankind。 Now I   have no mind to make an inquiry into the laws of o

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