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  29。 It will be also worth our while to see what equity our   legislator would have us exercise in our intercourse with   strangers察for it will thence appear that he made the best   provision he possibly could察both that we should not dissolve   our own constitution察nor show any envious mind towards   those that would cultivate a friendship with us。 Accordingly察  our legislator admits all those that have a mind to observe   our laws so to do察and this after a friendly manner察as   esteeming that a true union which not only extends to our   own stock察but to those that would live after the same   manner with us察yet does he not allow those that come to us   by accident only to be admitted into communion with us。      30。 However察there are other things which our legislator   ordained for us beforehand察which of necessity we ought to   do in common to all men察as to afford fire察and water察and   food to such as want it察to show them the roads察not to let   any one lie unburied。 He also would have us treat those that   are esteemed our enemies with moderation察for he doth not   allow us to set their country on fire察nor permit us to cut   down those trees that bear fruit察nay察further察he forbids us to   spoil those that have been slain in war。 He hath also provided   for such as are taken captive察that they may not be injured察  and especially that the women may not be abused。 Indeed he   hath taught us gentleness and humanity so effectually察that he   hath not despised the care of brute beasts察by permitting no   other than a regular use of them察and forbidding any other察  and if any of them come to our houses察like supplicants察we   are forbidden to slay them察nor may we kill the dams察  together with their young ones察but we are obliged察even in   an enemy's country察to spare and not kill those creatures that   labor for mankind。 Thus hath our lawgiver contrived to teach   us an equitable conduct every way察by using us to such laws   as instruct us therein察while at the same time he hath   ordained that such as break these laws should be punished察  without the allowance of any excuse whatsoever。      31。 Now the greatest part of offenses with us are capital察as if   any one be guilty of adultery察if any one force a virgin察if any   one be so impudent as to attempt sodomy with a male察or if察  upon another's making an attempt upon him察he submits to   be so used。 There is also a law for slaves of the like nature察  that can never be avoided。 Moreover察if any one cheats   another in measures or weights察or makes a knavish bargain   and sale察in order to cheat another察if any one steals what   belongs to another察and takes what he never deposited察all   these have punishments allotted them察not such as are met   with among other nations察but more severe ones。 And as for   attempts of unjust behavior towards parents察or for impiety   against God察though they be not actually accomplished察the   offenders are destroyed immediately。 However察the reward   for such as live exactly according to the laws is not silver or   gold察it is not a garland of olive branches or of small age察nor   any such public sign of commendation察but every good man   hath his own conscience bearing witness to himself察and by   virtue of our legislator's prophetic spirit察and of the firm   security God himself affords such a one察he believes that God   hath made this grant to those that observe these laws察even   though they be obliged readily to die for them察that they shall   come into being again察and at a certain revolution of things   shall receive a better life than they had enjoyed before。 Nor   would I venture to write thus at this time察were it not well   known to all by our actions that many of our people have   many a time bravely resolved to endure any sufferings察rather   than speak one word against our law。      32。 Nay察indeed察in case it had so fallen out察that our nation   had not been so thoroughly known among all men as they   are察and our voluntary submission to our laws had not been   so open and manifest as it is察but that somebody had   pretended to have written these laws himself察and had read   them to the Greeks察or had pretended that he had met with   men out of the limits of the known world察that had such   reverent notions of God察and had continued a long time in   the firm observance of such laws as ours察I cannot but   suppose that all men would admire them on a reflection upon   the frequent changes they had therein been themselves   subject to察and this while those that have attempted to write   somewhat of the same kind for politic government察and for   laws察are accused as composing monstrous things察and are   said to have undertaken an impossible task upon them。 And   here I will say nothing of those other philosophers who have   undertaken any thing of this nature in their writings。 But   even Plato himself察who is so admired by the Greeks on   account of that gravity in his manners察and force in his words察  and that ability he had to persuade men beyond all other   philosophers察is little better than laughed at and exposed to   ridicule on that account察by those that pretend to sagacity in   political affairs察although he that shall diligently peruse his   writings will find his precepts to be somewhat gentle察and   pretty near to the customs of the generality of mankind。 Nay察  Plato himself confesseth that it is not safe to publish the true   notion concerning God among the ignorant multitude。 Yet do   some men look upon Plato's discourses as no better than   certain idle words set off with great artifice。 However察they   admire Lycurgus as the principal lawgiver察and all men   celebrate Sparta for having continued in the firm observance   of his laws for a very long time。 So far then we have gained察  that it is to be confessed a mark of virtue to submit to laws。   24 But then let such as admire this in the Lacedemonians   compare that duration of theirs with more than two thousand   years which our political government hath continued察and let   them further consider察that though the Lacedemonians did   seem to observe their laws exactly while they enjoyed their   liberty察yet that when they underwent a change of their   fortune察they forgot almost all those laws察while we察having   been under ten thousand changes in our fortune by the   changes that happened among the kings of Asia察have never   betrayed our laws under the most pressing distresses we have   been in察nor have we neglected them either out of sloth or   for a livelihood。 25 if any one will consider it察the   difficulties and labors laid upon us have been greater than   what appears to have been borne by the Lacedemonian   fortitude察while they neither ploughed their land察nor   exercised any trades察but lived in their own city察free from all   such pains´taking察in the enjoyment of plenty察and using such   exercises as might improve their bodies察while they made use   of other men as their servants for all the necessaries of life察  and had their food prepared for them by the others察and   these good and humane actions they do for no other purpose   but this察that by their actions and their sufferings they may be   able to conquer all those against whom they make war。 I   need not add this察that they have not been fully able to   observe their laws察for not only a few single persons察but   multitudes of them察have in heaps neglected those laws察and   have delivered themselves察together with their arms察into the   hands of their enemies。      33。 Now as for ourselves察I venture to say that no one can tell   of so many察nay察not of more than one or two that have   betrayed our laws察no察not out of fear of death itself察I do not   mean such an easy death as happens in battles察but that   which comes with bodily torments察and seems to be the   severest kind of death of all others。 Now I think those that   have conquered us have put us to such deaths察not out of   their hatred to us when they had subdued us察but rather out   of their desire of seeing a surprising sight察which is this察  whether there be such men in the world who believe that no   evil is to them so great as to be compelled to do or to speak   any thing contrary to their own laws。 Nor ought men to   wonder at us察if we are more courageous in dying for our   laws than all other men are察for other men do not easily   submit to the easier things in which we are instituted察I mean   working with our hands察and eating but little察and being   contented to eat and drink察not at random察or at every one's   pleasure察or being under inviolable rules in lying with our   wives察in magnificent furniture察and again in the observation   of our times of rest察while those that can use their swords in   war察and can put their enemies to flight when they attack   them察cannot bear to submit to such laws about their way of   living此whereas our being accustomed willingly to submit to   laws in these instances察renders us fit to show our fortitude   upon other occasions also。      34。 Yet do the Lysimachi and the Molones察and some other   writers察。unskillful sophists as they are察and the deceivers of   young men撮 reproach us as the vilest of all mankind。 Now I   have no mind to make an inquiry into the laws of o

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