the fathers of the constitution-第30节

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ge　of　thirty　five　Years；　and　been　fourteen　Years　a　Resident　within　the　United　States。　5。　In　Case　of　the　Removal　of　the　President　from　Office；　or　of　his　Death；　Resignation；　or　Inability　to　discharge　the　Powers　and　Duties　of　the　said　Office；　the　same　shall　devolve　on　the　Vice　President；　and　the　Congress　may　by　Law　provide　for　the　Case　of　Removal；　Death；　Resignation；　or　Inability；　both　of　the　President　and　Vice　President；　declaring　what　Officer　shall　then　act　as　President；　and　such　Officer　shall　act　accordingly；　until　the　Disability　be　removed；　or　a　President　shall　be　elected。　6。　The　President　shall；　at　stated　Times；　receive　for　his　Services；　a　Compensation；　which　shall　neither　be　encreased　nor　dimished　during　the　Period　for　which　he　shall　have　been　elected；　and　he　shall　not　receive　within　that　Period　any　other　Emolument　from　the　United　States；　or　any　of　them。　7。　Before　he　enter　on　the　Execution　of　his　Office；　he　shall　take　the　following　Oath　or　Affirmation：〃I　do　solemnly　swear　（or　affirm）　that　I　will　faithfully　execute　the　Office　of　the　President　of　the　United　States；　and　will　to　the　best　of　my　ability；　preserve；　protect　and　defend　the　Constitution　of　the　United　States。〃　SECTION。　2。　1。　The　President　shall　be　Commander　in　Chief　of　the　Army　and　Navy　of　the　United　States；　and　of　the　Militia　of　the　several　States；　when　called　into　the　actual　Service　of　the　United　States；　he　may　require　the　Opinion；　in　writing；　of　the　principal　Officer　in　each　of　the　executive　Departments；　upon　any　Subject　relating　to　the　Duties　of　their　respective　Offices；　and　he　shall　have　Power　to　grant　Reprieves　and　Pardons　for　Offences　against　the　United　States；　except　in　Cases　of　Impeachment。　2。　He　shall　have　Power；　by　and　with　the　Advice　and　Consent　of　the　Senate；　to　make　Treaties；　provided　two　thirds　of　the　Senators　present　concur；　and　he　shall　nominate；　and　by　and　with　the　Advice　and　Consent　of　the　Senate；　shall　appoint　Ambassadors；　other　public　Ministers　and　Consuls；　Judges　of　the　supreme　Court；　and　all　other　Officers　of　the　United　States；　whose　Appointments　are　not　herein　otherwise　provided　for；　and　which　shall　be　established　by　Law：　but　the　Congress　may　by　Law　vest　the　Appointment　of　such　inferior　Officers；　as　they　think　proper；　in　the　President　alone；　in　the　Courts　of　Law；　or　in　the　Heads　of　Departments。　3。　The　President　shall　have　Power　to　fill　up　all　Vacancies　that　may　happen　during　the　Recess　of　the　Senate；　by　granting　Commissions　which　shall　expire　at　the　End　of　their　next　Session。　SECTION。　3。　He　shall　from　time　to　time　give　to　the　Congress　Information　of　the　State　of　the　Union；　and　recommend　to　their　Consideration　such　Measures　as　he　shall　judge　necessary　and　expedient；　he　may；　on　extraordinary　Occasions；　convene　both　Houses；　or　either　of　them；　and　in　Case　of　Disagreement　between　them；　with　Respect　to　the　Time　of　Adjournment；　he　may　adjourn　them　to　such　Time　as　he　shall　think　proper；　he　shall　receive　Ambassadors　and　other　public　Ministers；　he　shall　take　Care　that　the　Laws　be　faithfully　executed；　and　shall　Commission　all　the　Officers　of　the　United　States。　SECTION。　4。　The　President；　Vice　President　and　all　civil　Officers　of　the　United　States；　shall　be　removed　from　Office　on　Impeachment　for；　and　Conviction　of；　Treason；　Bribery；　or　other　high　Crimes　and　Misdemeanors。　ARTICLE　III。　SECTION。　1。　The　judicial　Power　of　the　United　States；　shall　be　vested　in　one　supreme　Court；　and　in　such　inferior　Courts　as　the　Congress　may　from　time　to　time　ordain　and　establish。　The　Judges；　both　of　the　supreme　and　inferior　Courts；　shall　hold　their　Offices　during　good　Behaviour；　and　shall；　at　stated　Times；　receive　for　their　Services；　a　Compensation；　which　shall　not　be　diminished　during　their　Continuance　in　Office。　SECTION。　2。　1。　The　judicial　Power　shall　extend　to　all　Cases；　in　Law　and　Equity；　arising　under　this　Constitution；　the　Laws　of　the　United　States；　and　Treaties　made；　or　which　shall　be　made；　under　their　Authority；to　all　Cases　affecting　Ambassadors；　other　public　Ministers　and　Consuls；to　all　Cases　of　admiralty　and　maritime　Jurisdiction；to　Controversies　to　which　the　United　States　shall　be　a　Party；to　Controversies　between　two　or　more　States；between　a　State　and　Citizens　of　another　State　between　Citizens　of　different　States；between　Citizens　of　the　same　State　claiming　Lands　under　Grants　of　different　States；　and　between　a　State；　or　the　Citizens　thereof；　and　foreign　States；　Citizens　or　Subjects；　2。　In　all　Cases　affecting　Ambassadors；　other　public　Ministers　and　Consuls；　and　those　in　which　a　State　shall　be　Party；　the　supreme　Court　shall　have　original　Jurisdiction。　In　all　the　other　Cases　before　mentioned；　the　supreme　Court　shall　have　appellate　Jurisdiction；　both　as　to　Law　and　Fact；　with　such　Exceptions；　and　under　such　Regulations　as　the　Congress　shall　make。　3。　The　Trial　of　all　Crimes；　except　in　Cases　of　Impeachment；　shall　be　by　Jury；　and　such　Trial　shall　be　held　in　the　State　where　the　said　Crimes　shall　have　been　committed；　but　when　not　committed　within　any　State；　the　Trial　shall　be　at　such　Place　or　Places　as　the　Congress　may　by　Law　have　directed。　SECTION。　3。　1。　Treason　against　the　United　States；　shall　consist　only　in　levying　War　against　them；　or　in　adhering　to　their　Enemies；　giving　them　Aid　and　Comfort。　No　Person　shall　be　convicted　of　Treason　unless　on　the　Testimony　of　two　Witnesses　to　the　same　overt　Act；　or　on　Confession　in　open　Court。　2。　The　Congress　shall　have　Power　to　declare　the　Punishment　of　Treason；　but　no　Attainder　of　Treason　shall　work　Corruption　of　Blood；　or　Forfeiture　except　during　the　Life　of　the　Person　attainted。　ARTICLE　IV。　SECTION。　1。　Full　Faith　and　Credit　shall　be　given　in　each　State　to　the　public　Acts；　Records；　and　judicial　Proceedings　of　every　other　State。　And　the　Congress　may　by　general　Laws　prescribe　the　Manner　in　which　such　Acts；　Records　and　Proceedings　shall　be　proved；　and　the　Effect　thereof。　SECTION。　2。　1。　The　Citizens　of　each　State　shall　be　entitled　to　all　Privileges　and　Immunities　of　Citizens　in　the　several　States。　2。　A　person　charged　in　any　State　with　Treason；　Felony；　or　other　Crime；　who　shall　flee　from　Justice；　and　be　found　in　another　State；　shall　on　Demand　of　the　Executive　Authority　of　the　State　from　which　he　fled；　be　delivered　up　to　be　removed　to　the　State　having　jurisdiction　of　the　Crime。　3。　No　Person　held　to　Service　or　Labour　in　one　State；　under　the　Laws　thereof；　escaping　into　another；　shall；　in　Consequence　of　any　Law　or　Regulation　therein；　be　discharged　from　such　Service　or　Labour；　but　shall　be　delivered　up　on　Claim　of　the　Party　to　whom　such　Service　or　Labour　may　be　due。　SECTION。　3。　1。　New　States　may　be　admitted　by　the　Congress　into　this　Union；　but　no　new　State　shall　be　formed　or　erected　within　the　Jurisdiction　of　any　other　State；　nor　any　State　be　formed　by　the　Junction　of　two　or　more　States；　or　Parts　of　States；　without　the　Consent　of　the　Legislature　of　the　States　concerned　as　well　as　of　the　Congress。　2。　The　Congress　shall　have　Power　to　dispose　of　and　make　all　needful　Rules　and　Regulations　respecting　the　Territory　or　other　Property　belonging　to　the　United　States；　and　nothing　in　this　Constitution　shall　be　so　construed　as　to　Prejudice　any　Claims　of　the　United　States；　or　of　any　particular　State。　SECTION　4。　The　United　States　shall　guarantee　to　every　State　in　this　Union　a　Republican　Form　of　Government；　and　shall　protect　each　of　them　against　Invasion；　and　on　Application　of　the　Legislature；　or　of　the　Executive　（when　the　Legislature　cannot　be　convened）　against　domestic　Violence。　ARTICLE　V。　The　Congress；　whenever　two　thirds　of　both　Houses　shall　deem　it　necessary；　shall　propose　Amendments　to　this　Constitution；　or；　on　the　Application　of　the　Legislatures　of　two　thirds　of　the　several　States；　shall　call　a　Convention　for　proposing　Amendments；　which；　in　either　Case；　shall　be　valid　to　all　Intents　and　Purposes；　as　Part　of　this　Constitution；　when　ratified　by　the　Legislatures　of　three　fourths　of　the　several　States；　or　by　Conventions　in　three　fourths　thereof；　as　the　one　or　the　other　Mode　of　Ratification　may　be　proposed　by　the　Congress；　Provided　that　no　Amendment　which　may　be　made　prior　to　the　Year　One　thousand　eight　hundred　and　eight　shall　in　any　Manner　affect　the　first　and　fourth　Clauses　in　the　Ninth　Section　of　the　first　Article；　and　that　no　State；　without　its　Consent；　shall　be　deprived　of　its　equal　Suffrage　in　the　Senate。　ARTICLE。　VI。　1。　All　Debts　contracted　and　Engagements　entered　into；　before　the　Adoption　of　this　Constitution；　shall　be　as　valid　against　the　United　States　under　this　Constitution；　as　under　the　Confederation。　2。　This　Constitution；　and　the　Laws　of　the　United　States　which　shall　be　made　in　Pursuance　thereof；　and　all　Treaties　made；　or　which　shall　be　made；　under　the　Authority　of　the　United　States；　shall　be　the　supreme　Law　of　the　Land；　and　the　Judges　in　every　State　shall　be　bound　thereby；　any　Thing　in　the　Constitution　or　Laws　of　any　States　to　the　Contrary　notwithstanding。　3。　The　Senators　and　Representatives　before　mentioned；　and　the　Members　of　the　several　State　Legislatures；　and　all　executive　and　judicial　Officers；　both　of　the　United　States　and　of　the　several　States；　shall　be　bound　by　Oath　or　Affirmation；　to　support　this　Constitution；　but　no　religious　Test　shall　ever　be　required　as　a　Qualification　to　any　Office　or　public　Trust　under　the　United　States。　ARTICLE　VII。　The　Ratifi