the origins of contemporary france-2-第14节

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to　carry　while　the　soldiers　take　the　head；　and　both　go　to　the　H？tel…

de…Ville　to　show　their　trophies　to　M。　de　Lafayette。　　On　their　return

to　the　Palais…Royal；　and　while　they　are　seated　at　table　in　a　tavern；

the　people　demand　these　two　remains。　　They　throw　them　out　of　the

window　and　finish　their　supper；　whilst　the　heart　is　marched　about

below　in　a　bouquet　of　white　carnations。　　　Such　are　the　spectacles

which　this　garden　presents　where；　a　year　before；　〃good　society　in

full　dress〃　came　on　leaving　the　Opera　to　chat；　often　until　two

o'clock　in　the　morning；　under　the　mild　light　of　the　moon；　listening

now　to　the　violin　of　Saint…Georges；　and　now　to　the　charming　voice　of

Garat。





VIII。



Paris　in　the　hands　of　the　people。



Henceforth　it　is　clear　that　no　one　is　safe：　neither　the　new　militia

nor　the　new　authorities　suffice　to　enforce　respect　for　the　law。

〃They　did　not　dare；〃　says　Bailly；＇55＇　〃oppose　the　people　who；　eight

days　before　this；　had　taken　the　Bastille。〃　　　In　vain；　after　the

last　two　murders；　do　Bailly　and　Lafayette　indignantly　threaten　to

withdraw；　they　are　forced　to　remain；　their　protection；　such　as　it

is；　is　all　that　is　left；　and；　if　the　National　Guard　is　unable　to

prevent　every　murder；　it　prevents　some　of　them。　　People　live　as　they

can　under　the　constant　expectation　of　fresh　popular　violence。　　〃To

every　impartial　man；〃　says　Malouet；　〃the　Terror　dates　from　the　14th

of　July〃。　　…　　On　the　17th；　before　setting　out　for　Paris；　the　King

attends　communion　and　makes　his　will　in　anticipation　of

assassination。　　From　the　16th　to　the　18th；　twenty　personages　of　high

rank；　among　others　most　of　those　on　whose　heads　a　price　is　set　by

the　Palais…Royal；　leave　France：　The　Count　d'Artois；　Marshal　de

Broglie；　the　Princes　de　Condé；　de　Conti；　de　Lambesc；　de　Vaudemont；

the　Countess　de　Polignac；　and　the　Duchesses　de　Polignac　and　de

Guiche。　　　The　day　following　the　two　murders；　M。　de　Crosne；　M。

Doumer；　M。　Sureau；　the　most　zealous　and　most　valuable　members　of　the

committee　on　subsistence；　all　those　appointed　to　make　purchases　and

to　take　care　of　the　storehouses；　conceal　themselves　or　fly。　　On　the

eve　of　the　two　murders；　the　notaries　of　Paris；　being　menaced　with　a

riot；　had　to　advance　45；000　francs　which　were　promised　to　the

workmen　of　the　Faubourg　Saint…Antoine；　while　the　public　treasury；

almost　empty；　is　drained　of　30；000　livres　per　day　to　diminish　the

cost　of　bread。　　　Persons　and　possessions；　great　and　small；　private

individuals　and　public　functionaries；　the　Government　itself；　all　is

in　the　hands　of　the　mob。　　〃From　this　moment；〃　says　a　deputy；＇56＇

〃liberty　did　not　exist　even　in　the　National　Assembly　。　　。　　。　　France

stood　dumb　before　thirty　factious　persons。　　The　Assembly　became　in

their　hands　a　passive　instrument；　which　they　forced　to　serve　them　in

the　execution　of　their　projects。〃　　　They　themselves　do　not　lead；

although　they　seem　to　lead。　　The　great　brute；　which　has　taken　the

bit　in　its　mouth；　holds　on　to　it；　and　it's　plunging　becomes　more

violent。　　Not　only　do　both　spurs　which　maddened　it；　I　mean　the

desire　for　innovation　and　the　daily　scarcity　of　food；　continue　to

prick　it　on。　　But　also　the　political　hornets　which；　increasing　by

thousands；　buzz　around　its　ears。　　And　the　license　in　which　it　revels

for　the　first　time；　joined　to　the　applause　lavished　upon　it；　urges

it　forward　more　violently　each　day。　　The　insurrection　is　glorified。

Not　one　of　the　assassins　is　sought　out。　　It　is　against　the

conspiracy　of　Ministers　that　the　Assembly　institutes　an　inquiry。

Rewards　are　bestowed　upon　the　conquerors　of　the　Bastille；　it　is

declared　that　they　have　saved　France。　　All　honors　are　awarded　to　the

people…to　their　good　sense；　their　magnanimity；　and　their　justice。

Adoration　is　paid　to　this　new　sovereign：　he　is　publicly　and

officially　told；　in　the　Assembly　and　by　the　press；　that　he　possesses

every　virtue；　all　rights　and　all　powers。　　If　he　spills　blood　it　is

inadvertently；　on　provocation；　and　always　with　an　infallible

instinct。　　Moreover；　says　a　deputy；　〃this　blood；　was　it　so　pure？〃

The　greater　number　of　people　prefers　the　theories　of　their　books　to

the　experience　of　their　eyes；　they　persist　in　the　idyll；　which　they

have　fashioned　for　themselves。　　At　the　worst　their　dream；　driven　out

from　the　present；　takes　refuge　in　the　future。　　To…morrow；　when　the

Constitution　is　complete；　the　people；　made　happy；　will　again　become

wise：　let　us　endure　the　storm；　which　leads　us　on　to　so　noble　a

harbor。



Meanwhile；　beyond　the　King；　inert　and　disarmed；　beyond　the　Assembly；

disobeyed　or　submissive；　appears　the　real　monarch；　the　people　…　that

is　to　say；　a　crowd　of　a　hundred；　a　thousand；　a　hundred　thousand

individuals　gathered　together　at　random；　on　an　impulse；　on　an　alarm；

suddenly　and　irresistibly　made　legislators；　judges；　and

executioners。　　A　formidable　power；　undefined　and　destructive；　on

which　no　one　has　any　hold；　and　which；　with　its　mother；　howling　and

misshapen　Liberty；　sits　at　the　threshold　of　the　Revolution　like

Milton's　two　specters　at　the　gates　of　Hell。



。　　。　Before　the　gates　there　sat

On　either　side　a　formidable　shape；

The　one　seem'd　woman　to　the　waist；　and　fair；

but　ended　foul　in　many　a　scaly　fold

Voluminous　and　vast；　a　serpent　arm'd

With　mortal　sting：　about　her　middle　round

A　cry　of　hell　hounds　never　ceasing　bark'd

With　wide　Cerberean　mouths　full　loud；　and　rung

A　hideous　peal：　yet；　when　they　list；　would　creep；

If　aught　disturb'd　their　noise；　into　her　womb；

And　kennel　there；　yet　there　still　bark'd　and　howl'd

Within　unseen　。　　。　　。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　。。。。。。。。the　other　shape；

If　shape　it　might　be　call'd；　that　shape　had　none

Distinguishable　in　member；　joint；　or　limb；

Or　substance　might　be　call'd　that　shadow　seem'd

For　each　seem'd　either：　black　it　stood　as　night；

Fierce　as　ten　furies；　terrible　as　hell；

And　shook　a　dreadful　dart；　what　seem'd　his　head

The　likeness　of　a　kingly　crown　had　on。

　　　　*　　　　*　　　　*　　　　*　　　　*　　　　*

The　monster　moving　onward　came　as　fast；

With　horrid　strides；　hell　trembled　as　he　strode。



________________________________________________________________________



Notes：





＇1＇　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　H。　　1453。　　Letter　of　M。　Miron；　lieutenant

de　police；　April　26th；　of　M。　Joly　de　Fleury；　procureur…général；　May

29th；　of　MM。　Marchais　and　Berthier；　April　18th　and　27th；　March　23rd；

April　5th；　May　5th。　　…　　Arthur　Young；　June　10th　and　29th。　　〃Archives

Nationales；〃　H。　　1453　Letter　of　the　sub…delegate　of　Montlhéry；　April

14th。



＇2＇　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　H。　　1453。　　Letter　of　the　sub…delegate

Gobert；　March　17th；　of　the　officers　of　police；　June　15th　：　　　〃　On

the　12th；　13th；　14th　and　15th　of　March　the　inhabitants　of　Conflans

generally　rebelled　against　the　game　law　in　relation　to　the　rabbit。〃



＇3＇　Montjoie；　2nd　part；　ch。　　XXI。　　p。14　（the　first　week　in　June）。

Montjoie　is　a　party　man；　but　he　gives　dates　and　details；　and　his

testimony；　when　it　is　confirmed　elsewhere；　deserves；　to　be　admitted。



＇4＇　Montjoie；　1st　part；　92…101。　　…　　　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　H。

1453。　　Letter　of　the　officer　of　police　of　Saint…Denis：　〃A　good　many

workmen　arrive　daily　from　Lorraine　as　well　as　from　Champagne；〃　which

increases　the　prices。



＇5＇　De　Bezenval；　〃Mémoires；〃　I。353。　　Cf。　　〃The　Ancient　Regime；〃

p。509。　　…　　Marmontel；　II；　252　and　following　pages。　　…　　De　Ferrières；

I。　　407。



＇6＇　Arthur　Young；　September　1st；　1788



＇7＇　Barrère；　〃Mémoires；〃　I。　234。



＇8＇　See；　in　the　National　Library；　the　long　catalogue　of　those　which

have　survived。



＇9＇　Malouet；　I。　　255。　　Bailly；　I。　43　（May　9th　and　19th）。　　

D'Hezecques；　〃Souvenirs　d'un　page　de　Louis　XV。〃　293。　　　De

Bezenval；　I。　　368。



＇10＇　Marmontel；　II；　249。　　　Montjoie；　1st　part；　p。　　92。　　　De

Bezenval；　I。　　387：　〃These　spies　added　that　persons　were　seen

exciting　the　tumult　and　were　distributing　money。〃



＇11＇　〃Archives　Nationales；〃　Y。11441。　　Interrogatory　of　the　Abbé　Roy；

May　5th。　　　Y。11033；　Interrogatory　（April　28th　and　May　4th）　of

twenty…three　wounded　persons　brought　to　the　H？tel…Dieu　　　These　two

documents　are　of　prime　importance　in　presenting　the　true　aspect　of

the　insurrection；　to　these　must　he　added　the　narrative　of　M。　de

Bezenval；　who　was　commandant　at　this　time　with　M。　de　Chatelet。

Almost　all　other　narratives　are　amplified　or　falsified　through　party

bias。



＇12＇　De　Ferrières；　vol。　　III。　　note　A。　　（justificatory　explanation

by　Réveillon）。



＇13＇　Bailly　I。　　25　（April　26th）。



＇14＇　Hippeau；　IV。　　377　（Letters　of　M。　Perrot；　April　29th）。



＇15＇　Letter　to　the　King　by　an　inhabitant　of　the　Faubourg　Saint…

Antoine　…〃Do　not　doubt；　sire；　that　our　recent　misfortunes　are　due　to

the　dearness　of　bread〃



＇16＇　Dampmartin；　〃Evénements　qui　se　sont　passés　sous　mes　yeux；〃　etc。

I。　　25：　〃We　turned　back　and　were　held　up　by　small　bands　of

scoundrels；　who　insolently　proposed　to　us　to　shout　'Vive　Necker！

Vive　le　Tiers…Etat　！'〃　His　two　companions　were　knights　of　St。

Louis；