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11

M¡£¡¡Ernest¡¡Bozzano£»¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡most¡¡learned£»¡¡most¡¡daring¡¡and¡¡most¡¡subtle¡¡exponents¡¡of¡¡the¡¡new¡¡science¡¡that¡¡is¡¡in¡¡process¡¡of¡¡formation£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡course¡¡of¡¡a¡¡remarkable¡¡essay¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Annales¡¡des¡¡sciences¡¡psychiques£»£§1£§¡¡gives¡¡it¡¡as¡¡his¡¡opinion¡¡that¡¡they¡¡have¡¡remained¡¡stationary¡¡and¡¡unchanged¡£¡¡He¡¡considers¡¡that¡¡they¡¡have¡¡become¡¡in¡¡no¡¡way¡¡diffused£»¡¡generalized¡¡and¡¡refined£»¡¡like¡¡so¡¡many¡¡others¡¡that¡¡are¡¡much¡¡less¡¡important¡¡and¡¡useful¡¡from¡¡the¡¡point¡¡of¡¡view¡¡of¡¡the¡¡struggle¡¡for¡¡life£»¡¡such¡¡as¡¡the¡¡musical¡¡faculty£»¡¡for¡¡instance¡£¡¡It¡¡does¡¡not¡¡even¡¡seem£»¡¡says¡¡M¡£¡¡Bozzano£»¡¡that¡¡it¡¡is¡¡possible¡¡to¡¡cultivate¡¡or¡¡develop¡¡them¡¡systematically¡£¡¡The¡¡Hindu¡¡race¡¡in¡¡particular£»¡¡who¡¡for¡¡thousands¡¡of¡¡years¡¡have¡¡been¡¡devoting¡¡themselves¡¡to¡¡the¡¡study¡¡of¡¡these¡¡manifestations£»¡¡have¡¡arrived¡¡at¡¡nothing¡¡but¡¡a¡¡better¡¡knowledge¡¡of¡¡the¡¡empirical¡¡methods¡¡calculated¡¡to¡¡produce¡¡them¡¡in¡¡individuals¡¡already¡¡endowed¡¡with¡¡these¡¡supernormal¡¡faculties¡£¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡know¡¡to¡¡what¡¡extent¡¡M¡£¡¡Bozzano's¡¡assertions¡¡are¡¡beyond¡¡dispute¡£¡¡They¡¡concern¡¡historical¡¡or¡¡remote¡¡facts¡¡which¡¡it¡¡is¡¡very¡¡difficult¡¡to¡¡verify¡£¡¡In¡¡any¡¡case£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡something¡¡to¡¡have¡¡perfected¡¡£»¡¡as¡¡has¡¡been¡¡done¡¡in¡¡India£»¡¡the¡¡empirical¡¡methods¡¡favourable¡¡to¡¡the¡¡production¡¡of¡¡supernormal¡¡phenomena¡£¡¡One¡¡might¡¡even¡¡say¡¡that¡¡it¡¡is¡¡about¡¡all¡¡that¡¡we¡¡have¡¡the¡¡right¡¡to¡¡expect£»¡¡seeing¡¡that£»¡¡by¡¡the¡¡author's¡¡own¡¡admission£»¡¡these¡¡faculties¡¡are¡¡latent¡¡in¡¡every¡¡man¡¡and¡¡that£»¡¡as¡¡has¡¡frequently¡¡been¡¡seen£»¡¡it¡¡needs¡¡but¡¡an¡¡illness£»¡¡a¡¡lesion£»¡¡or¡¡sometimes¡¡even¡¡the¡¡slightest¡¡emotion¡¡or¡¡a¡¡mere¡¡passing¡¡faintness¡¡to¡¡make¡¡them¡¡suddenly¡¡reveal¡¡themselves¡¡in¡¡an¡¡individual¡¡who¡¡seemed¡¡most¡¡hopelessly¡¡devoid¡¡of¡¡them¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡therefore¡¡quite¡¡possible¡¡that£»¡¡by¡¡improving¡¡the¡¡methods£»¡¡by¡¡attacking¡¡the¡¡mystery¡¡from¡¡other¡¡quarters£»¡¡we¡¡might¡¡obtain¡¡more¡¡decisive¡¡results¡¡than¡¡the¡¡Hindus¡£¡¡We¡¡must¡¡remember¡¡that¡¡our¡¡western¡¡science¡¡has¡¡but¡¡lately¡¡interested¡¡itself¡¡in¡¡these¡¡problems¡¡and¡¡that¡¡it¡¡has¡¡means¡¡of¡¡investigating¡¡and¡¡experimenting¡¡which¡¡the¡¡Asiatics¡¡never¡¡possessed¡£¡¡It¡¡may¡¡even¡¡be¡¡declared¡¡that¡¡at¡¡no¡¡time¡¡in¡¡the¡¡existence¡¡of¡¡our¡¡world¡¡has¡¡the¡¡scientific¡¡mind¡¡been¡¡better¡­equipped£»¡¡better¡­suited¡¡to¡¡cope¡¡with¡¡every¡¡task£»¡¡or¡¡more¡¡exact£»¡¡more¡¡skilful¡¡and¡¡more¡¡penetrating¡¡than¡¡it¡¡is¡¡today¡£¡¡Because¡¡the¡¡oriental¡¡empirics¡¡have¡¡failed£»¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no¡¡reason¡¡to¡¡believe¡¡that¡¡it¡¡will¡¡not¡¡succeed¡¡in¡¡awakening¡¡and¡¡cultivating¡¡in¡¡every¡¡man¡¡those¡¡faculties¡¡which¡¡would¡¡often¡¡be¡¡of¡¡greater¡¡use¡¡to¡¡him¡¡than¡¡those¡¡of¡¡the¡¡intellect¡¡itself¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡not¡¡overbold¡¡to¡¡suggest¡¡that£»¡¡from¡¡certain¡¡points¡¡of¡¡view£»¡¡the¡¡true¡¡history¡¡of¡¡mankind¡¡has¡¡hardly¡¡begun¡£

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12

Nevertheless£»¡¡in¡¡so¡¡far¡¡as¡¡concerns¡¡the¡¡natural¡¡evolution¡¡of¡¡those¡¡faculties£»¡¡M¡£¡¡Bozzano's¡¡assertion¡¡seem¡¡fairly¡¡well¡­¡¡justified¡£¡¡We¡¡do¡¡not£»¡¡in¡¡fact£»¡¡observe¡¡a¡¡startling¡¡or¡¡even¡¡appreciable¡¡difference¡¡between¡¡what¡¡they¡¡were¡¡and¡¡what¡¡they¡¡are¡£¡¡And¡¡this¡¡anomaly¡¡is¡¡the¡¡more¡¡surprising¡¡in¡¡as¡¡much¡¡as¡¡it¡¡is¡¡almost¡¡universally¡¡accepted¡¡that¡¡a¡¡sense¡¡or¡¡a¡¡faculty¡¡becomes¡¡developed¡¡in¡¡proportion¡¡to¡¡its¡¡usefulness£»¡¡and¡¡there¡¡are¡¡few£»¡¡I¡¡think£»¡¡that¡¡would¡¡have¡¡been¡¡not¡¡only¡¡more¡¡useful¡¡but¡¡even¡¡more¡¡necessary¡¡to¡¡man¡£¡¡He¡¡has¡¡always¡¡had¡¡a¡¡keen¡¡and¡¡primitive¡¡interest¡¡in¡¡knowing¡¡without¡¡delay¡¡the¡¡most¡¡secret¡¡thoughts¡¡of¡¡his¡¡fellow¡­man£»¡¡who¡¡is¡¡often¡¡his¡¡adversary¡¡and¡¡sometimes¡¡his¡¡mortal¡¡enemy¡£¡¡He¡¡has¡¡always¡¡had¡¡an¡¡interest¡¡no¡¡less¡¡great¡¡in¡¡immediately¡¡transmitting¡¡those¡¡thoughts¡¡through¡¡space£»¡¡in¡¡seeing¡¡beyond¡¡the¡¡continents¡¡and¡¡seas£»¡¡in¡¡going¡¡back¡¡into¡¡the¡¡past£»¡¡in¡¡advancing¡¡into¡¡the¡¡future£»¡¡in¡¡being¡¡able¡¡to¡¡find¡¡in¡¡his¡¡memory¡¡at¡¡will¡¡not¡¡only¡¡all¡¡the¡¡acquirements¡¡of¡¡his¡¡personal¡¡experience¡¡but¡¡also¡¡those¡¡of¡¡his¡¡ancestors£»¡¡in¡¡communicating¡¡with¡¡the¡¡dead¡¡and¡¡perhaps¡¡with¡¡the¡¡sovereign¡¡intelligence¡¡diffused¡¡over¡¡the¡¡universe£»¡¡in¡¡discovering¡¡hidden¡¡springs¡¡and¡¡treasures£»¡¡in¡¡escaping¡¡the¡¡harsh¡¡and¡¡depressing¡¡laws¡¡of¡¡matter¡¡and¡¡gravity£»¡¡in¡¡relieving¡¡pain£»¡¡in¡¡curing¡¡the¡¡greater¡¡number¡¡of¡¡his¡¡disorders¡¡and¡¡even¡¡in¡¡restoring¡¡his¡¡limbs£»¡¡not¡¡to¡¡mention¡¡many¡¡other¡¡miracles¡¡which¡¡he¡¡could¡¡work¡¡if¡¡he¡¡knew¡¡all¡¡the¡¡mighty¡¡forces¡¡that¡¡doubtless¡¡slumber¡¡in¡¡the¡¡dark¡¡recesses¡¡of¡¡his¡¡life¡£

Is¡¡this¡¡once¡¡more¡¡an¡¡unexpected¡¡character¡¡of¡¡the¡¡eccentric¡¡physiology¡¡of¡¡our¡¡unknown¡¡guest£¿¡¡Here¡¡are¡¡faculties¡¡more¡¡precious¡¡than¡¡the¡¡most¡¡precious¡¡faculties¡¡that¡¡have¡¡made¡¡us¡¡what¡¡we¡¡are£»¡¡faculties¡¡whose¡¡magic¡¡buds¡¡sprout¡¡on¡¡every¡¡side¡¡underneath¡¡our¡¡intelligence¡¡but¡¡have¡¡never¡¡burst¡¡into¡¡flower£»¡¡as¡¡though¡¡a¡¡wind¡¡from¡¡another¡¡sphere¡¡had¡¡killed¡¡them¡¡with¡¡its¡¡icy¡¡breath¡£¡¡Is¡¡it¡¡because¡¡it¡¡occupies¡¡itself¡¡first¡¡and¡¡foremost¡¡with¡¡the¡¡species¡¡that¡¡it¡¡thus¡¡neglects¡¡the¡¡individual£¿¡¡But£»¡¡after¡¡all£»¡¡the¡¡species¡¡is¡¡only¡¡an¡¡aggregate¡¡of¡¡successive¡¡individuals£»¡¡and¡¡its¡¡evolution¡¡consequently¡¡depends¡¡upon¡¡their¡¡evolution¡£¡¡There¡¡would¡¡therefore¡¡have¡¡been¡¡an¡¡evident¡¡advantage¡¡to¡¡the¡¡species¡¡in¡¡developing¡¡faculties¡¡that¡¡would¡¡perhaps¡¡have¡¡carried¡¡it¡¡much¡¡farther¡¡and¡¡much¡¡higher¡¡than¡¡has¡¡been¡¡done¡¡by¡¡its¡¡brain¡­power£»¡¡which¡¡alone¡¡has¡¡progressed¡£¡¡If¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no¡¡evolution¡¡for¡¡them¡¡here£»¡¡do¡¡they¡¡develop¡¡elsewhere£¿¡¡What¡¡are¡¡those¡¡powers¡¡which¡¡exist¡¡outside¡¡and¡¡independent¡¡of¡¡the¡¡laws¡¡of¡¡this¡¡earth£¿¡¡Do¡¡they¡¡then¡¡belong¡¡to¡¡other¡¡worlds£¿¡¡But£»¡¡if¡¡so£»¡¡what¡¡are¡¡they¡¡doing¡¡in¡¡ours£¿¡¡One¡¡would¡¡sometimes¡¡think£»¡¡at¡¡the¡¡sight¡¡of¡¡so¡¡much¡¡neglectfulness£»¡¡uncertainty¡¡and¡¡inconsistency£»¡¡that¡¡man's¡¡evolution¡¡had¡¡been¡¡intentionally¡¡retarded¡¡by¡¡a¡¡superior¡¡will£»¡¡as¡¡though¡¡that¡¡will¡¡feared¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡going¡¡too¡¡fast£»¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡anticipating¡¡some¡¡pre¡¡established¡¡order¡¡and¡¡moving¡¡prematurely¡¡out¡¡of¡¡his¡¡appointed¡¡plane¡£

13


And¡¡the¡¡riddles¡¡accumulate¡¡which¡¡we¡¡cannot¡¡hope¡¡to¡¡solve¡£¡¡It¡¡has¡¡been¡¡said¡¡that¡¡these¡¡abnormal¡¡faculties¡¡are¡¡communications¡¡or¡¡infiltrations£»¡¡themselves¡¡abnormal£»¡¡which¡¡have¡¡found¡¡their¡¡way¡¡through¡¡the¡¡partitions¡¡that¡¡separate¡¡our¡¡consciousness¡¡from¡¡our¡¡subconsciousness¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡very¡¡likely£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡is¡¡only¡¡a¡¡minor¡¡side¡¡of¡¡the¡¡question¡£¡¡It¡¡would¡¡be¡¡important¡¡before¡¡all¡¡to¡¡know¡¡what¡¡that¡¡subconsciousness¡¡represents£»¡¡whither¡¡it¡¡tends¡¡and¡¡with¡¡what¡¡it¡¡itself¡¡is¡¡communicating¡£¡¡Is¡¡the¡¡impersonal¡¡form¡¡of¡¡knowledge¡¡a¡¡necessary¡¡or¡¡an¡¡accidental¡¡stage£¿¡¡Is¡¡the¡¡impersonal¡¡form¡¡which¡¡it¡¡takes¡¡in¡¡the¡¡subconsciousness¡¡the¡¡only¡¡true¡¡one£¿¡¡Is¡¡there¡¡really£»¡¡as¡¡everything¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡prove£»¡¡a¡¡hopeless¡¡incompatibility¡¡between¡¡our¡¡intellectual¡¡faculties¡¡and¡¡those¡¡families¡¡of¡¡uncertain¡¡origin£»¡¡to¡¡such¡¡an¡¡extent¡¡that¡¡the¡¡latter¡¡are¡¡unable¡¡to¡¡manifest¡¡themselves¡¡except¡¡when¡¡the¡¡former¡¡are¡¡weakened¡¡or¡¡temporarily¡¡suspended£¿¡¡It¡¡has£»¡¡at¡¡any¡¡rate£»¡¡been¡¡observed¡¡that¡¡they¡¡are¡¡hardly¡¡ever¡¡exercised¡¡simultaneously¡£¡¡Are¡¡we¡¡to¡¡believe¡¡that£»¡¡at¡¡a¡¡given¡¡moment£»¡¡mankind¡¡or¡¡the¡¡genius¡¡that¡¡presides¡¡over¡¡its¡¡destinies¡¡had¡¡to¡¡make¡¡an¡¡exclusive¡¡and¡¡awful¡¡choice¡¡between¡¡cerebral¡¡energy¡¡and¡¡the¡¡mysterious¡¡forces¡¡of¡¡the¡¡subconsciousness¡¡and¡¡that¡¡we¡¡still¡¡find¡¡traces¡¡of¡¡its¡¡hesitations¡¡in¡¡our¡¡organism£¿¡¡What¡¡would¡¡have¡¡become¡¡of¡¡a¡¡race¡¡of¡¡man¡¡in¡¡which¡¡the¡¡subconsciousness¡¡had¡¡triumphed¡¡over¡¡the¡¡brain£¿¡¡Is¡¡not¡¡this¡¡the¡¡case¡¡with¡¡animals£»¡¡and¡¡would¡¡not¡¡the¡¡race¡¡have¡¡remained¡¡purely¡¡animal£¿¡¡Or¡¡else¡¡would¡¡not¡¡this¡¡preponderance¡¡of¡¡a¡¡subconscious¡¡more¡¡powerful¡¡than¡¡that¡¡of¡¡the¡¡animals¡¡and¡¡almost¡¡independent¡¡of¡¡our¡¡body¡¡have¡¡resulted¡¡in¡¡the¡¡disappearance¡¡of¡¡life¡¡as¡¡we¡¡know¡¡it£»¡¡and¡¡should¡¡we¡¡not¡¡even¡¡now¡¡be¡¡trading¡¡the¡¡life¡¡which¡¡we¡¡shall¡¡probably¡¡lead¡¡when¡¡we¡¡are¡¡dead£¿¡¡Here¡¡are¡¡a¡¡number¡¡of¡¡questions¡¡to¡¡which¡¡there¡¡are¡¡no¡¡answers¡¡and¡¡which¡¡are¡¡nevertheless¡¡perhaps¡¡not¡¡so¡¡idle¡¡as¡¡one¡¡might¡¡at¡¡first¡¡believe¡£

14

Amidst¡¡this¡¡antagonism£»¡¡whose¡¡triumph¡¡are¡¡we¡¡to¡¡hope¡¡for£¿¡¡Is¡¡any¡¡alliance¡¡between¡¡the¡¡two¡¡opposing¡¡forces¡¡for¡¡ever¡¡impossible¡¡so¡¡long¡¡as¡¡we¡¡are¡¡in¡¡the¡¡flesh£¿¡¡What¡¡are¡¡we¡¡to¡¡do¡¡meanwhile£¿¡¡If¡¡a¡¡choice¡¡be¡¡inevitable£»¡¡which¡¡way¡¡will¡¡our¡¡choice¡¡incline£»¡¡and¡¡which¡¡victim¡¡shall¡¡we¡¡sacrifice£¿¡¡Shall¡¡we¡¡listen¡¡to¡¡those¡¡who¡¡tell¡¡us¡¡that¡¡there¡¡is¡¡nothing¡¡more¡¡to¡¡be¡¡gained¡¡or¡¡learnt¡¡in¡¡those¡¡inhospitable¡¡regions¡¡where¡¡all¡¡our¡¡bewildering¡¡phenomena¡¡have¡¡been¡¡known¡¡since¡¡man¡¡first¡¡was¡¡man£¿¡¡Is¡¡it¡¡true¡¡that¡¡occultismas¡¡it¡¡is¡¡very¡¡improperly¡¡called£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡knowledge¡¡which¡¡it¡¡seeks¡¡is¡¡no¡¡more¡¡occult¡¡than¡¡any¡¡otheris¡¡it¡¡true¡¡that¡¡occultism¡¡is¡¡marking¡¡time£»¡¡that¡¡it¡¡is¡¡becoming¡¡hopelessly¡¡entangled¡¡in¡¡the¡¡same¡¡doubtful¡¡facts¡¡and¡¡that¡¡it¡¡has¡¡not¡¡taken¡¡a¡¡single¡¡step¡¡forward¡¡since¡¡its¡¡renaissance¡¡more¡¡than¡¡fifty¡¡years¡¡ago£¿¡¡One¡¡must¡¡be¡¡entirely¡¡ignorant¡¡of¡¡the¡¡wonderful¡¡efforts¡¡of¡¡those¡¡fruitful¡¡years¡¡to¡¡venture¡¡upon¡¡such¡¡an¡¡assertion¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡not¡¡the¡¡place¡¡to¡¡discuss¡¡the¡¡question£»¡¡which¡¡would¡¡require¡¡full¡¡and¡¡careful¡¡treatment£»¡¡but¡¡we¡¡may¡¡safely¡¡say¡¡that¡¡until¡¡now¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no¡¡science¡¡which¡¡in¡¡so¡¡short¡¡a¡¡time¡¡has¡¡brought

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