sylla-第5节

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with　all　the　terrors　of　trumpets　and　cornets　sounding；　with　the
triumphant　shout　and　cry　of　an　army　let　loose　to　spoil　and
slaughter；　and　scouring　through　the　streets　with　swords　drawn。　There
was　no　numbering　the　slain；　the　amount　is　to　this　day　conjectured　only
from　the　space　of　ground　overflowed　with　blood。　For　without　mentioning
the　execution　done　in　other　quarters　of　the　city；　the　blood　that　was
shed　about　the　market…place　spread　over　the　whole　Ceramicus　within　the
Double…gate；　and；　according　to　most　writers；　passed　through　the　gate
and　overflowed　the　suburb。　Nor　did　the　multitudes　which　fell　thus
exceed　the　number　of　those　who；　out　of　pity　and　love　for　their　country
which　they　believed　was　now　finally　to　perish；　slew　themselves；　the
best　of　them；　through　despair　of　their　country's　surviving；　dreading
themselves　to　survive；　expecting　neither　humanity　nor　moderation　in
Sylla。　At　length；　partly　at　the　instance　of　Midias　and　Calliphon；
two　exiled　men；　beseeching　and　casting　themselves　at　his　feet；
partly　by　the　intercession　of　those　senators　who　followed　the　camp；
having　had　his　fill　of　revenge；　and　making　some　honourable　mention
of　the　ancient　Athenians；　〃I　forgive；〃　said　he；　〃the　many　for　the　sake
of　the　few；　the　living　for　the　dead。〃　He　took　Athens；　according　to　his
own　Memoirs；　on　the　calends　of　March；　coinciding　pretty　nearly　with
the　new　moon　of　Anthesterion；　on　which　day　it　is　the　Athenian　usage　to
perform　various　acts　in　commemoration　of　the　ruins　and　devastations
occasioned　by　the　deluge；　that　being　supposed　to　be　the　time　of　its
occurrence。
　　At　the　taking　of　the　town；　the　tyrant　fled　into　the　citadel；　and　was
there　besieged　by　Curio；　who　had　that　charge　given　him。　He　held　out
a　considerable　time；　but　at　last　yielded　himself　up　for　want　of　water；
and　divine　power　immediately　intimated　its　agency　in　the　matter。　For
on　the　same　day　and　hour　that　Curio　conducted　him　down；　the　clouds
gathered　in　a　clear　sky；　and　there　came　down　a　great　quantity　of
rain　and　filled　the　citadel　with　water。
　　Not　long　after；　Sylla　won　the　Piraeus；　and　burnt　most　of　it；　amongst
the　rest；　Philo's　arsenal；　a　work　very　greatly　admired。
　　In　the　meantime　Taxiles；　Mithridates's　general；　coming　down　from
Thrace　and　Macedon；　with　an　army　of　one　hundred　thousand　foot；　ten
thousand　horse；　and　ninety　chariots；　armed　with　scythes　at　the　wheels；
would　have　joined　Archelaus；　who　lay　with　a　navy　on　the　coast　near
Munychia；　reluctant　to　quit　the　sea；　and　yet　unwilling　to　engage　the
Romans　in　battle；　but　desiring　to　protract　the　war　and　cut　off　the
enemy's　supplies。　Which　Sylla　perceiving　much　better　than　himself；
passed　with　his　forces　into　Boeotia；　quitting　a　barren　district
which　was　inadequate　to　maintain　an　army　even　in　time　of　peace。　He　was
thought　by　some　to　have　taken　false　measures　in　thus　leaving　Attica；　a
rugged　country；　and　ill　suited　for　cavalry　to　move　in；　and　entering
the　plain　and　open　fields　of　Boeotia；　knowing　as　he　did　the
barbarian　strength　to　consist　most　in　horses　and　chariots。　But　as
was　said　before；　to　avoid　famine　and　scarcity；　he　was　forced　to　run
the　risk　of　a　battle。　Moreover　he　was　in　anxiety　for　Hortensius；　a
bold　and　active　officer；　whom　on　his　way　to　Sylla　with　forces　from
Thessaly；　the　barbarians　awaited　in　the　straits。　For　these　reasons
Sylla　drew　off　into　Boeotia。　Hortensius；　meantime；　was　conducted　by
Caphis；　our　countryman；　another　way　unknown　to　the　barbarians；　by
Parnassus；　just　under　Tithora；　which　was　then　not　so　large　a　town　as
it　is　now；　but　a　mere　fort；　surrounded　by　steep　precipices　whither　the
Phocians　also；　in　old　times；　when　flying　from　the　invasion　of
Xerxes；　carried　themselves　and　their　goods　and　were　saved。　Hortensius；
encamping　here；　kept　off　the　enemy　by　day；　and　at　night　descending
by　difficult　passages　to　Patronis；　joined　the　forces　of　Sylla　who　came
to　meet　him。　Thus　united　they　posted　themselves　on　a　fertile　hill　in
the　middle　of　the　plain　of　Elatea；　shaded　with　trees　and　watered　at
the　foot。　It　is　called　Philoboeotus；　and　its　situation　and　natural
advantages　are　spoken　of　with　great　admiration　by　Sylla。
　　As　they　lay　thus　encamped；　they　seemed　to　the　enemy　a　contemptible
number；　for　there　were　not　above　fifteen　hundred　horse；　and　less
than　fifteen　thousand　foot。　Therefore　the　rest　of　the　commanders；
over…persuading　Archelaus　and　drawing　up　the　army；　covered　the　plain
with　horses；　chariots；　bucklers；　targets。　The　clamour　and　cries　of
so　many　nations　forming　for　battle　rent　the　air；　nor　was　the　pomp
and　ostentation　of　their　costly　array　altogether　idle　and
unserviceable　for　terror；　for　the　brightness　of　their　armour；
embellished　magnificently　with　gold　and　silver；　and　the　rich　colours
of　their　Median　and　Scythian　coats；　intermixed　with　brass　and
shining　steel；　presented　a　flaming　and　terrible　sight　as　they　swayed
about　and　moved　in　their　ranks；　so　much　so　that　the　Romans　shrunk
within　their　trenches；　and　Sylla；　unable　by　any　arguments　to　remove
their　fear；　and　unwilling　to　force　them　to　fight　against　their
wills；　was　fain　to　sit　down　in　quiet；　ill…brooking　to　become　the
subject　of　barbarian　insolence　and　laughter。　This；　however；　above
all　advantaged　him；　for　the　enemy；　from　contemning　of　him；　fell　into
disorder　amongst　themselves；　being　already　less　thoroughly　under
command；　on　account　of　the　number　of　their　leaders。　Some　few　of　them
remained　within　the　encampment；　but　others；　the　major　part；　lured
out　with　hopes　of　prey　and　rapine；　strayed　about　the　country　many
days'　journey　from　the　camp；　and　are　related　to　have　destroyed　the
city　of　Panope；　to　have　plundered　Lebadea；　and　robbed　the　oracle
without　any　orders　from　their　commanders。
　　Sylla；　all　this　while；　chafing　and　fretting　to　see　the　cities　all
around　destroyed；　suffered　not　the　soldiery　to　remain　idle；　but
leading　them　out；　compelled　them　to　divert　the　Cephisus　from　its
ancient　channel　by　casting　up　ditches；　and　giving　respite　to　none；
showed　himself　rigorous　in　punishing　the　remiss；　that　growing　weary　of
labour；　they　might　be　induced　by　hardship　to　embrace　danger。　Which
fell　out　accordingly；　for　on　the　third　day；　being　hard　at　work　as
Sylla　passed　by；　they　begged　and　clamoured　to　be　led　against　the
enemy。　Sylla　replied；　that　this　demand　of　war　proceeded　rather　from
a　backwardness　to　labour　than　any　forwardness　to　fight；　but　if　they
were　in　good　earnest　martially　inclined；　he　bade　them　take　their
arms　and　get　up　thither；　pointing　to　the　ancient　citadel　of　the
Parapotamians；　of　which　at　present；　the　city　being　laid　waste；　there
remained　only　the　rocky　hill　itself；　steep　and　craggy　on　all　sides；
and　severed　from　Mount　Hedylium　by　the　breadth　of　the　river　Assus；
which；　running　between；　and　at　the　bottom　of　the　same　hill　falling
into　the　Cephisus　with　an　impetuous　confluence；　makes　this　eminence
a　strong　position　for　soldiers　to　occupy。　Observing　that　the　enemy's
division；　called　the　Brazen　Shields；　were　making　their　way　up　thither；
Sylla　was　willing　to　take　first　possession；　and　by　the　vigorous
efforts　of　the　soldiers；　succeeded。　Archelaus；　driven　from　hence；　bent
his　forces　upon　Chaeronea。　The　Chaeroneans　who　bore　arms　in　the
Roman　camp　beseeching　Sylla　not　to　abandon　the　city；　he　despatched
Gabinius；　a　tribune；　with　one　legion；　and　sent　out　also　the
Chaeroneans；　who　endeavoured；　but　were　not　able　to　get　in　before
Gabinius；　so　active　was　he；　and　more　zealous　to　bring　relief　than
those　who　had　entreated　it。　Juba　writes　that　Ericius　was　the　man　sent；
not　Gabinius。　Thus　narrowly　did　our　native　city　escape。
　　From　Lebadea　and　the　cave　of　Trophonius　there　came　favourable
rumours　and　prophecies　of　victory　to　the　Romans；　of　which　the
inhabitants　of　those　places　gave　a　fuller　account；　but　as　Sylla
himself　affirms　in　the　tenth　book　of　his　Memoirs；　Quintus　Titius；　a
man　of　some　repute　among　the　Romans　who　were　engaged　in　mercantile
business　in　Greece；　came　to　him　after　the　battle　won　at　Chaeronea；　and
declared　that　Trophonius　had　foretold　another　fight　and　victory　on　the
place；　within　a　short　time。　After　him　a　soldier；　by　name　Salvenius；
brought　an　account　from　the　god　of　the　future　issue　of　affairs　in
Italy。　As　to　the　vision；　they　both　agreed　in　this；　that　they　had
seen　one　who　in　stature　and　in　majesty　was　similar　to　Jupiter
Olympius。
　　Sylla；　when　he　had　passed　over　the　Assus；　marching　under　the　Mount
Hedylium；　encamped　close　to　Archelaus；　who　had　intrenched　himself
strongly　between　the　mountains　Acontium　and　Hedylium；　close　to　what
are　called　the　Assia。　The　place　of　his　intrenchment　is　to　this　day
named　from　him；　Archelaus。　Sylla；　after　one　day's　respite；　having　left
Murena　behind　him　with　one　legion　and　two　cohorts　to　amuse　the　enemy
with　continual　alarms；　himself　went　and　sacrificed　on　the　banks　of
Cephisus；　and　the　holy　rites　ended；　held　on　towards　Chaeronea　to
receive　the　forces　there　and　view　Mount　Thurium；　where　a　party　of
the　enemy　had　posted　themselves。　This　is　a　craggy　height　running　up　in
a　conical　form　to　a　point　called　by　us　Orthopagus；　at　the　foot　of　it
is　the　river　Morius　and　the　temple　of　Apollo　Thurius。　The　god　had
his　surname　from　Thuro；　mother　of　Chaeron；　whom　ancient　record　makes
founder　of　Chaeronea。　Others　a